MULTİPL SKLEROZ’DA BİLİŞSEL FONKSİYONLAR, POSTÜRAL KONTROL VE YÜRÜYÜŞ: DERLEME

Öz

Bilişsel bozukluk, postüral kontrol ve yürüyüş etkilenimi, bireylerin yaşam kalitesini ve günlük işlevlerini önemli ölçüde etkileyen multipl sklerozun yaygın belirtileri arasında yer almaktadır. Postüral kontrolün sağlanması için duyusal, motor ve bilişsel sistemlerin entegrasyonu gereklidir. Giderek artan miktarda kanıt, postüral kontrolün dikkat kaynaklarını tükettiğini göstermektedir. Santral motor, santral duyusal ve bilişsel bozukluklar, postüral kontrolün planlanmasını ve korunmasını etkileyebilir ve yürüme sırasında problem çözme yeteneklerini azaltabilir. Bu, daha yavaş yürüyüşe, kısalmış tek destek süresine ve gecikmiş salınım fazına neden olabilir. Buna rağmen, bilişsel yükün multipl skleroz hastalarında postüral kontrol ve yürüyüş üzerindeki etkileri hakkında çok az şey bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı biliş ve postüral kontrol arasındaki ilişkileri anlamak ve etkili multipl skleroz yönetimi için önemini açıklamaktır. Multipl sklerozda biliş ve denge üzerine yapılacak gelecek araştırmalar, longitudinal çalışmalara öncelik vermeli, hedefli müdahaleler geliştirmeli ve gelişmiş nörogörüntüleme tekniklerinden yararlanmalıdır. Bu yaklaşımlar, hastalığın ilerlemesinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına, daha etkili tedavilerin geliştirilmesine ve multipl skleroz hastalarında rehabilitasyon sonuçlarının daha iyi izlenmesine katkıda bulunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multipl skleroz
• biliş
• postüral kontrol
• yürüyüş
• bilgi işlemleme hızı.

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS, POSTURAL CONTROL AND GAIT IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: REVİEW

Öz

Cognitive impairment, postural control and gait deficits are common manifestations of multiple sclerosis that significantly impact patients' quality of life and daily functioning. The integration of the sensory, motor and cognitive systems are necessary to ensure postural control. Increasing amounts of evidence suggest that postural control consumes attention sources. Central motor, central sensory and cognitive disorders can affect the planning and preservation of postural control, and reduce the problem-solving abilities during walking. This can result in slower gait, shortened single support time, and delayed swing phase because of postural control impairment. However, much less is known about the effects of cognitive burden on postural control and gait in multiple sclerosis patients. The aim of the study was to understand the relationships between cognition and postural control and to explain their importance for effective multiple sclerosis management. Future research in cognition and balance in multiple sclerosis should prioritize longitudinal studies, develop targeted interventions, and utilize advanced neuroimaging techniques. These approaches will contribute to a better understanding of the disease progression, the development of more effective treatments, and improved monitoring of rehabilitation outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multiple sclerosis
• cognition
• postural control
• gait
• information processing speed.

Kaynakça

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