Yürüme ve 3 Boyutlu Hareket Analizi Sistemleri: Geleneksel Derleme

Öz

Yürüme, nöromüsküler, biyomekanik ve duyusal sistemlerin eşgüdümü ile gerçekleşen temel bir motor becerisi olup bireyin bağımsızlığı ve yaşam kalitesi için kritik öneme sahiptir. Normal yürüyüş paternlerinin anlaşılması, patolojik yürüyüş bozukluklarının tanılanması ve uygun tedavi stratejilerinin belirlenmesinde yol göstericidir. Bu derlemenin amacı, yürüyüşün biyomekanik temellerini, sık görülen patolojik yürüme paternlerini ve modern üç boyutlu (3B) hareket analiz teknolojilerinin klinik ve sportif uygulamalardaki yerini literatür doğrultusunda açıklamaktır. Haziran 2025 ile Eylül 2025 tarihleri arasında “üç boyutlu hareket analizi”, “yürüme bozuklukları”, “biyomekanik değerlendirme”, “klinik yürüme analizi” ve “spor bilimleri” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak PubMed, Scopus ve Google Scholar veri tabanları tarandı. Dahil edilen çalışmalar; yürüyüş analizi, klinik değerlendirme yöntemleri veya üç boyutlu hareket analizini içeren deneysel, gözlemsel veya derleme türündeki makalelerden oluşturuldu. Literatür bulguları, bilgisayar tabanlı yürüyüş analiz sistemlerinin çok düzlemli, objektif ve tekrarlanabilir değerlendirme imkânı sunduğunu; klinik rehabilitasyon ve spor bilimleri alanlarında tanı, izlem ve tedavi planlamasında önemli katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca son yıllarda giyilebilir sensör teknolojileri, mobil uygulamalar ve yapay zekâ tabanlı yazılımların yaygınlaşması ile yürüyüş analizinin daha erişilebilir, dinamik ve kişiselleştirilmiş bir yapıya dönüştüğü görülmektedir. Bu nedenle gelecekte yürüyüş analizinin hem klinik hem de sportif alanlarda karar destek mekanizmalarının ayrılmaz bir parçası olması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üç boyutlu hareket analizi
• yürüme bozuklukları
• biyomekanik değerlendirme
• klinik yürüme analizi

Walking and 3D Motion Analysis Systems: Traditional Review

Öz

Walking is a fundamental motor skill that is performed through the coordinated interaction of the neuromuscular, biomechanical, and sensory systems, and it is critical for maintaining an individual's independence and quality of life. A clear understanding of normal gait patterns helps guide the diagnosis of pathological gait disorders and the development of appropriate treatment strategies. The purpose of this review is to explain the biomechanical basis of gait, common pathological gait patterns, and the role of modern three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis technologies in clinical and athletic practice based on the current literature. The PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched between June 2025 and September 2025 using the keywords “three-dimensional motion analysis,” “gait disorders,” “biomechanical assessment,” “clinical gait analysis,” and “sports sciences.” The studies included were experimental, observational, or review articles involving gait analysis, clinical assessment methods, or three-dimensional motion analysis. Findings from the literature indicate that computer-based gait analysis systems provide multi-planar, objective, and reproducible assessment capabilities, contributing significantly to diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment planning in the fields of clinical rehabilitation and sports sciences. Additionally, with the recent proliferation of wearable sensor technologies, mobile applications, and artificial intelligence–based software, gait analysis has become more accessible, dynamic, and personalized. Therefore, it is expected that gait analysis will become an integral component of decision-support mechanisms in both clinical and athletic settings in the future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Three-dimensional motion analysis
• gait disorders
• biomechanical assessment
• clinical gait analysis

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