Sınıf Farkı, Özel Hayat ve Puşkin'in Maça Kızı Hikâyesinin Çelişkili Ahlaki Bahisleri

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 20, 41 - 66, 01.10.2019

Ahmet Süner

Öz

Gerçek ve fantazi, korku ve ironinin ustaca bir karışımı olan Puşkin’in Gotik hikâyesi, Maça Kızı, kahramanı Germann’ın hikâyeye ait ahlaki evrenin kurallarını çiğnediği için cezalandırıldığı bir meseldir. Bu ahlaki evreni anlamak için hikâyenin özellikle sınıf farkı ve özel hayat meselelerini nasıl işlediğini incelemek gerekir. Böyle bakıldığında hikâyenin özel hayatı ihlal ederek sınıf farkını ortadan kaldırmanın dehşetine işaret ettiği görülebilir. Bu makale, özellikle Tomsky’nin anekdotu ve Lizaveta’nın evin sırlarını ifşa edişi üzerine odaklanarak, hikâyenin karakterlerin özel hayatlarını açığa çıkardığı ikircikli yolları araştırır. Aynı zamanda hikâyenin kadın karakteri Lizaveta’nın Germann'den farklı bir bahisle ilgilendiğini ve bu bahisle birlikte, Pushkin'in onu acınası bir karakter olarak betimlemesine rağmen, gerçek bir kahramana ve varoluşsal bir kumarcıya dönüştüğünü iddia eder.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Puşkin, Maça Kızı, sınıf farkı, özel hayat, gotik edebiyat.

Class Difference and the Right to Privacy: The Ambiguous Moral Bets of Pushkin’s The Queen of Spades

Öz

An ingenious blend of fear and irony, realism and fantasy, Pushkin’s Gothic novella, The Queen of Spades, is a moral tale in which its protagonist-villain, Germann, is punished for violating the norms of the moral universe peculiar to the story. To understand this universe, it is necessary to take into account the intricate ways in which the story thematizes and represents two particular issues: class difference and privacy. Indeed, the story may be read as a commentary on the horrors of attempting to dispense with a class difference by way of violating private life. This article explores the ambiguous ways in which the story reveals the private life of its characters, focusing particularly on Tomsky’s curious anecdote and Lizaveta’s revelation of the secrets of the house. It also shows that Lizaveta is invested in a different kind of bet than that of Germann, which turns her into a veritable heroine and an existential gambler despite the pathetic description that Pushkin otherwise gives of her.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pushkin, Queen of Spades, class difference, private life, gothic literature.

Kaynakça

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