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2020 COVİD-19 Dünya Pandemisinde İş Yaşamında Görülen Kaygı, Stres ve Depresyonun Pozitif Psikolojik Sermaye İle İlişkisi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: EK SAYI (2020), 441 - 472, 01.10.2020

Öz

Bu çalışma, Aralık 2019'da Çin'de Wuhan'da ortaya çıkan ve kısa sü-rede tüm dünyaya yayılan Covid-19 salgını sırasında, pozitif psikolo-jik sermayeye sahip çalışanlarda gözlenen kaygı, depresyon ve stres düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, veriler basit rastgele yöntemle seçilen 402 katılımcıdan anket tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Lovibond ve Lovibond 1995 DASS Depresyon Kaygı Stresi Ölçeği ve veri toplamada Luthans, Avolio, Avey ve Norman 2007 tarafından geliştirilen Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada toplanan veriler üzerinde yapılan analizler sonucunda; çalışanların pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri kaygı, depresyon ve stres belirtilerini olumsuz etkilemektedir

Kaynakça

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  • Avey, James B., Jaime L. Patera and Bradley J. West. “The Implications of Positive Psychological Capital on Employee Absenteeism”. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13/II (2006): 42-60.
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  • Ayittey, Foster K., Matthew Kormla Ayittey, Nyasha Benitta Chiwero, Japhet Senyo Kamasah and Christian Dzuvor. “Economic İmpacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and The World”. Journal of Medical Virology. 2002.
  • Bakar, Nashirah A. and Sofian Rosbi. “Effect of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to Tourism Industry”. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 7/IV (2020).
  • Bogoch, Isaac I., Alexander Watts, Andrea ThomasBachli, Carmen Huber, Moritz UG. Kraeme and Kamran Khan. “Potential for Global Spread of a Novel Coronavirus from China”. Journal of travel medicine, 27/II (2020).
  • Cao, Wenjun, Ziwei Fang, Guoqiang Hou, Mei Han, Xinrong Xu, Jiaxin Dong and Jianzhong Zheng. “The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on College Students in China”, Psychiatry Research. 2020.
  • Chinazzi, Matteo, Jessica T. Davis, Marco Ajelli, Corrado Gioannini, Maria Litvonia, Stefano Merler and Cécile Viboud. “The Effect of Travel Restrictions on the Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak”, Science, 368. (2020): 395-400.
  • Çam, Olcay ve Ayşe Büyükbayram. “Hemşirelerde Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ve Etkileyen Faktörler”, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 8/II (2017): 118–126.
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  • Dinarto, Dedi, Adri Wanto and Leonard C. Sebastian. “Global Health Security–COVID-19: Impact on Bintan’s Tourism Sector”, RSIS Commentaries, 033-20. 2020.
  • Dong, Ensheng, Hongru Du and Lauren Gardne. “An Interactive Web-Based Dashboard to Track COVID-19 in Real Time”, The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Duan, Li and Gang Zhu. “Psychological Interventions for People Affected by the COVID-19 Epidemic”. The Lancet Psychiatry. 7/IV (2020): 300-302.
  • Erdoğan, Pınar ve Rifat İraz. Örgütsel Vatandaşlık, Örgütsel Sinizm ve Tükenmişliğe Pozitif Psikolojik Sermaye Etkisi. Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, 2019.
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  • Gürkan, Ayça ve Nihan Yalçıner. “Sağlık Çalışanlarında İkincil Travmatik Stres”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 6/II (2017): 90-95.
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The Relationship between Working Anxiety, Stress and Depression with Positive Psychological Capital at 2020 Covid-19 World Pandemic

Yıl 2020, Sayı: EK SAYI (2020), 441 - 472, 01.10.2020

Öz

This study aims to reveal the relationship between the levels of anxi-ety, depression and stress observed in employees with positive psy-chological capital, during the Covid-19 outbreak that emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread to the whole world in a short time. For this purpose, data was collected using the survey technique from 402 participants selected by simple random method. Lovibond and Lovibond 1995 DASS Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and the Psychological Capital Scale developed by Luthans, Avolio, Avey and Norman 2007 used for data collection. As a result of the analysis made on the data collected in the research; positive psychological capital levels of employees have been affect negatively the anxiety, depression and stress symptoms.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, Yusuf. “Yeni Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Salgını ve Turizm Faaliyetlerine Etkisi”. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 4/I (2020): 7-21.
  • Ak, Belma. Hipotez Testi. Ş. Kalaycı (Ed.). Spss Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. 5. Baskı. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti, 2010.
  • Akın, Ahmet ve Bayram Çetin. “Depresyon, Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği (DASÖ): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi. 7/I (2007): 241-268.
  • Avey, James B., Jaime L. Patera and Bradley J. West. “The Implications of Positive Psychological Capital on Employee Absenteeism”. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13/II (2006): 42-60.
  • Aydın, Şule. “Örgütsel Stres Yönetimi”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 6/III (2004): 49-74.
  • Ayittey, Foster K., Matthew Kormla Ayittey, Nyasha Benitta Chiwero, Japhet Senyo Kamasah and Christian Dzuvor. “Economic İmpacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and The World”. Journal of Medical Virology. 2002.
  • Bakar, Nashirah A. and Sofian Rosbi. “Effect of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to Tourism Industry”. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 7/IV (2020).
  • Bogoch, Isaac I., Alexander Watts, Andrea ThomasBachli, Carmen Huber, Moritz UG. Kraeme and Kamran Khan. “Potential for Global Spread of a Novel Coronavirus from China”. Journal of travel medicine, 27/II (2020).
  • Cao, Wenjun, Ziwei Fang, Guoqiang Hou, Mei Han, Xinrong Xu, Jiaxin Dong and Jianzhong Zheng. “The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on College Students in China”, Psychiatry Research. 2020.
  • Chinazzi, Matteo, Jessica T. Davis, Marco Ajelli, Corrado Gioannini, Maria Litvonia, Stefano Merler and Cécile Viboud. “The Effect of Travel Restrictions on the Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak”, Science, 368. (2020): 395-400.
  • Çam, Olcay ve Ayşe Büyükbayram. “Hemşirelerde Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ve Etkileyen Faktörler”, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 8/II (2017): 118–126.
  • Dalton, Louise, Elizabeth Rapa and Alan Stein. “Protecting the Psychological Health of Children Through Effective Communication About COVID-19”. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. 4/V (2020): 346-347.
  • Dinarto, Dedi, Adri Wanto and Leonard C. Sebastian. “Global Health Security–COVID-19: Impact on Bintan’s Tourism Sector”, RSIS Commentaries, 033-20. 2020.
  • Dong, Ensheng, Hongru Du and Lauren Gardne. “An Interactive Web-Based Dashboard to Track COVID-19 in Real Time”, The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Duan, Li and Gang Zhu. “Psychological Interventions for People Affected by the COVID-19 Epidemic”. The Lancet Psychiatry. 7/IV (2020): 300-302.
  • Erdoğan, Pınar ve Rifat İraz. Örgütsel Vatandaşlık, Örgütsel Sinizm ve Tükenmişliğe Pozitif Psikolojik Sermaye Etkisi. Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, 2019.
  • Ergünay, Oktay. “Doğal Afetler ve Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, Deprem Sempozyumu, Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Bolu, 11-12 Kasım 2009.
  • Erkal, Tevfik ve Mehmet Değerliyurt. 2009. “Türkiye’de Afet Yönetimi”, Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 14/XXII (2009): 147- 164.
  • Erkuş, Ahmet ve Mine Afacan Fındıklı. “Psikolojik Sermayenin İş Tatmini, İş Performansı ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisine Yönelik Bir Araştırma”, Istanbul University Journal of the School of Business Administration, 42/II (2013).
  • Figley, Charles R. Compassion Fatigue: Coping With Secondary Traumatic Stres Disorder. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1995.
  • Gan, Wee Hoe, John Wah Lim and David Koh. “Preventing İntra-Hospital İnfection and Transmission of Covıd-19 in Healthcare Workers”, Safety And Health At Work. 2020.
  • Gentilini, Ugo, Mohamed Almenfi, Ian Orton and Pamela Dale. “Social protection and Jobs Responses to COVID-19: A Real-Time Review of Country Measures”. Live Document. World Bank, Washington, DC, 19/II (2020).
  • Gökçe, Gözde ve Banu Yılmaz. “Afetlerde Yardım Çalışanları: İkincil Travmatik Stres ve Başa Çıkma”. Türkiye Klinikleri J. Psychol-Special Topics. 2/III (2017): 198-204.
  • Gössling, Stefan, Daniel Scott and C. Michael Hall. “Pandemics, Tourism and Global Change: a Rapid Assessment of COVID-19”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. (2020): 1-20.
  • Çobanoğlu, Güler ve Zakir Çobanoğlu. Afetler. Çevre Sağlığı Temel Kaynak Dizisi. No: 33, 1994.
  • Gümüştekin, Gülten Eren ve Fikret Gültekin. “Stres Kaynaklarının Kariyer Yönetimine Etkileri”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. Sayı 23 (2009): 147- 158.
  • Gürkan, Ayça ve Nihan Yalçıner. “Sağlık Çalışanlarında İkincil Travmatik Stres”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 6/II (2017): 90-95.
  • Haleem, Abid, Mohd Javaid and Raju Vaishya. “Effects of COVID 19 Pandemic in Daily Life”. Current Medicine Research and Practice. 2020.
  • Hefferon, Kate and Ilona Boniwell. Pozitif Psikoloji. Tayfun Doğan (Çev.), Ankara: Nobel, 2011.
  • Ho, Cyrus Sh, Cornelia Yi Chee and Roger Cm Ho. “Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Beyond Paranoia and Panic”. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 49/I (2020): 1-3.
  • Hoque Ashikul, Farzana Afrin Shikha, Mohammad Waliul Hasanat, Ishtiaque Arif and Abu Bakar Abdul Hamid. “The Effect of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in The Tourism Industry in China”. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies. 3/I (2020): 52-58.
  • Iacus, Stefano Maria, Fabrizio Natale and Michele Vespe. “Flight Restrictions from China During the COVID-2019 Coronavirus Outbreak”, Cornell University, Special Issue. (2020):1-9.
  • Jackson, Rachel and Chris Watkin. “The Resilience Inventory: Seven Essential Skills for Overcoming Life’s Obstacles and Determining Happiness”. Selection and Development Review. 20/VI (2004): 13-17.
  • Kadıoğlu, Mikdat. Modern, Bütünleşik Afet Yönetiminin Temel İlkeleri. M. Kadıoğlu & E. Özdamar (Eds.). Afet Zararlarını Azaltmanın Temel İlkeleri. s. 251-276, Ankara: Japonya Uluslararası İşbirliği Ajansı (JIKA) Ofisi, Türkiye Yayınları, No: 2, 2008.
  • Kayış, Aliye.. Güvenirlilik analizi. Ş. Kalaycı (Ed.), SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. 5. Baskı, Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti., 2010.
  • Koh, David. “Occupational Risks for COVID-19 Infection”. Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England). 70/I (2020): 3. Koronavirüs Bilgilendirme Raporu. 2020. İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpașa Tıp Fakültesi, https://cdn.istanbul.edu. (E. T.: 17.04.2020)
  • Li, Sijia, Yilin Wang, Jia Xue, Nan Zhao and Tingshao Zhu. “The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo users”. International Journal ofEenvironmental Research and PublicHhealth, 17/VI (2020): 2032.
  • Lovibond, Peter F. and S. H. Lovibond. “The Structure of Negative Emotional States: Comparison of The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) With the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories”. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 33 (1995): 335-343.
  • Luthans, Fred, Bruce J. Avolio, James B. Avey and Steven M. Norman. “Positive psycholoical capital: Measurement and Relationship with Performance and Satisfaction”. Personnel Psychology. 60 (2007b): 541-572.
  • Luthans, Fred, Caroline M. Youssef and James B. Avolio. “Psychological Capital: Investing and Developing Positive Organizational Behavior”. Positive Organizational Behavior, Debra, Nelson, Cary L., Cooper, (Ed.), Sage Publication. 2007a.
  • Luthans, Fred and Caroline M. Youssef. ”Emerging Positive Organizational Behavior”. Journal of Management. 33 (2007): 321-349.
  • Luthans, Fred, James B. Avey, Bruce J.Avolio, Steven M. Norman, and Gwendolyn Combs. Psychological Capital Development: Toward a Micro-Intervention”. Journal of Organizational Behaviour. 27/III (2006): 387–393.
  • Luthans, Fred, Kyle W. Luthans and Brett C. Luthans. “Positive Psychological Capital: Beyond Human and Social Capital”, Business Horizons. January- February, 47(1) (2004): 45-50.
  • Luthans, Fred. “The Need for and Meaning of Positive Organizational Behavior”. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 23VI (2002): 695-706.
  • Masten, Ann S. “Resilience Processes in Development”. American Psychological Association. 56/III (2001): 227-238.
  • Mcneil, William H. Dünya Tarihi. A. Şenel, (Translator). Ankara: İmge, 2007 Mehta, Puja, Daniel F. McAuley, Michael Brown, Emilie Sanchez, Rachel S. Tattersall and Jessica J. Manson. “COVID-19: Consider Cytokine Storm Syndromes and Immunosuppression”. The Lancet. 395(10229) (2020): 1033-1034.
  • Mitchell Jeffrey T. and Atle Dyregrov. Traumatic Stress in Disaster Workers and Emergency Personnel. In: J. P., Wilson& Raphael, B. (eds), International Handbook of Traumatic Stress Syndromes. The Plenum Series on Stress and Coping. Springer, Boston, MA. 1993.
  • Nelson, Benjamin, W., Adam Pettitt, Jessica E. Flannery, Nicholas B. Allen, “Rapid Assessment of Psychological and Epidemiological Predictors of COVID-19”. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 21/III (2020): 169-184.
  • Nicola, Maria, Zaid Alsafi, Catrin Sohrabi, Ahmed Kerwan, Ahmed Al-Jabir, Christos Iosifidis and Riaz Agha. “The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review”. International Journal of Surgery. 2020.
  • O’Dowd, Emily, Paul O’Connor, Sinéad Lydon, Orla Mongan and Dara Bryne. “Stress, Coping and Psychological Resilience Among Physicians”, BMC Health Services Research, 18 (2018): 730.
  • Özdemir, Hikmet. Salgın Hastalıklardan Ölümler. Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, 16. Dizi, Sayı: 104, 2005.
  • Pak, Merve Deniz, Emre Özcan ve Arzu İçağasıoğlu Çoban. “Acil Servis Çalışanlarının İkincil Travmatik Stres Düzeyi ve Psikolojik Dayanıklılığı”. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 10(52), 2017, Issn: 1307-9581.
  • Parks, Vanessa. “The Critical Role of Social Capital During the Covıd-19 Pandemic: Lessons from Disaster Research”. Population Briefs. (2020):2.
  • Qiu, Jianyin, Bin Shen, Min Zhao, Zhen Wang, Bin Xie and Yifeng Xu. “A Nationwide Survey of Psychological Distress Among Chinese People in the COVID-19 Epidemic: Implications and Policy Recommendations”. General Psychiatry. 33/II (2020).
  • Rees, Clare S., Lauren J. Breen, Lynette Cusack and Desney Hegney. “Under Standing Individual Resilience in the Workplace: The International Collaboration of Work Force Resilience Model”. Frontiers in Psychology. 6 (2015): 73.
  • Rothan, Hussin. A. and Siddappa N. Byrareddy. “The Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak”. Journal of Autoimmunity. 102433, 2020.
  • Sahmoud, Tarek. “Estimation of COVID-19 Burden in Egypt”. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Stojkoski, Viktor, Zoran Utkovski, Petar Jolakoski, Dragan Tevdovski and Ljupco Kocarev. “The Socio-Economic Determinants of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic”. Cornell University, Special Issue. 2020.
  • Şahin, Mehmet ve Aykut Bedük. “Çalışanlarda İş Stresi ve Tükenmişlik İlişkisi: Bankacılık Örneği”. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 5/31 (2019): 1448-1458.
  • Şimşek, Mehmet Şerif, Adnan Çelik ve Tahir Akgemci. Davranış Bilimleri. Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, 2019.
  • T.C İçişleri Bakanlığı, Koronavirüs Konulu Ek Genelge. Resmi Gazete. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Genelgeleri. 2020, 4.
  • T.C.Sağlık Bakanlığı, Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Covid-19 (Sars-CoV2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi, https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/ COVID19_Rehberi.pdf, E.T: 22. 04. 2020.
  • Tandon, Prakash N. “COVID-19: Impact on Health of People & Wealth of Nations”. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 151/II (2020): 121-123
  • Tel, Havva, Mevlüde Karadağ, Hatice Tel ve Şule Aydın, “Sağlık Çalışanlarının Çalışma Ortamındaki Stres Yaşantıları ile Başetme Durumlarının Belirlenmesi”. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi. 2 (2003): 14-23.
  • Thukydides, Peloponnesos Savaşı. (Çev. Tanju Gökçöl), (İstanbul, Hürriyet Y., 1976), s. 118.
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  • Tuite, Ashleigh R., Vicroria Ng, Erin Rees, David Fisman, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Kamran Khan and Isaac I. Bogoch. “Estimation of the COVID-19 Burden in Egypt Through Exported Case Detection”. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020c
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  • Wang, Cuiyan, Riyu Pan, Xiaoyang Wan, Yilin Tan, Linkang Xu, Cyrus S. Ho and Rocer C. Ho. “Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors During the Initial Stage of The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic Among The General Population in China”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17/V(2020):1729.
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  • Wilson, Nick, Amanda Kvalsvig, Lucy Telfar Barnard and Michael G. Baker. “Estimating the Case Fatality Risk of COVID-19 Using Cases from Outside China”. Emerg Infect Dis. 26/VI (2020): 1339-1441.
  • Yanbolluoğlu, Özge. “İkincil Travmatik Stresin Meslek Elemanları Üzerindeki Etkileri: Bir Derleme Çalışması”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 20/36 (2019): 141-164.
  • Yasien, Saba and Jamal Abdul Nasir. “Relationship Between Psychological Distress and Resilience in Rescue Workers”. Saudi Med. Journal. 37/VII (2016).
  • Yazıcıoğlu, Yahşi ve Samiye Erdoğan. Spss Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. (4. Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayınları, 2014.
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  • Yüksel, Hasan. “Çalışma Yaşamı ve Stres Kavramı: Durumsal Bir Yaklaşım”. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 3/III (2014), ISSN: 1624-7215
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  • Zheng, Yi, Edmund Goh and Jun Wen.. “The Effects of Misleading Media Reports About COVID-19 on Chinese Tourists’ Mental Health: A Perspective Article”. Anatolia. (2020): 1-4.
Toplam 82 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Pınar Erdoğan Bu kişi benim

Suzan Urgan Bu kişi benim

Ayşe Atar Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: EK SAYI (2020)

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdoğan, P., Urgan, S., & Atar, A. (2020). The Relationship between Working Anxiety, Stress and Depression with Positive Psychological Capital at 2020 Covid-19 World Pandemic. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(EK SAYI (2020), 441-472.