Ticari ve Finansal Açıklık ile Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: GMM Panel Veri Analizi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 26, 226 - 253, 30.04.2021

Selim Demez Mehmet Akyol

Öz

Küreselleşen dünyada ticari ve finansal açıklık özellikle son yarım yüzyılda iktisadi önemini arttırmaktadır. Ticari serbestlik ülkelere uluslararası rekabet güçlerini arttırma ve ihtiyaç duydukları teknolojiye sahip olma imkanı vermektedir. Finansal açıklık ise finans piyasalarının düzenlenmesi, geliştirilmesi ve gerekli döviz ihtiyacının karşılanması yoluyla ülke ekonomilerine iktisadi fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada düşük, orta düşük, orta yüksek ve yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ticari ve finansal açıklığın ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Dinamik panel veri yönteminin kullanıldığı ve 1996-2017 yılları arasını kapsayan dönemin analiz edildiği çalışmada ticari açıklık düşük, orta düşük, orta yüksek ve yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif bir etki oluşturmaktadır. Finansal açıklı ise düşük ve yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif etkilerken orta düşük ve orta yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ise çok küçük olmakla birlikte negatif yönde etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ticari Açıklık, Finansal Açıklık, Büyüme, Panel Veri

Relationship between Commercial and Financial Openness and Economic Growth: GMM Panel Data Analysis

Öz

In a globalizing world, commercial and financial openness has increased its economic importance especially in the last half century. Commercial freedom allows countries to increase their international competitiveness and to have the technology they need. Financial openness provides economic opportunities to the economies of the country by regulating and developing financial markets and meeting the required foreign exchange needs. In this study, the effect of trade and financial deficit on economic growth in low, loer middle, upper middle and high income countries is analyzed. In the study, which used dynamic panel data method and analyzed the period between 1996-2017, trade openness has a positive effect on economic growth in low, loer middle, upper middle and high income countries. Financial deficit positively affects economic growth in low and high income countries, while it affects negatively in lower middle and upper middle income countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trade Openness, Financial Openness, Growth, Panel Data

Kaynakça

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