US and the Arctic Region in the Era of Climate Change: A Brief Analysis of the Evolution of US Arctic Foreign Policy Since 2000s

Öz

The objective of this paper is to provide an updated analysis of the United States (US) foreign policy towards the Arctic Region since the 2000s when the political, economic and security-related significance of the region is growing due to the impacts of climate change. It aims to analyze the development of the US foreign policy towards the region under three respective (Bush, Obama, Trump) administrations and to reveal differing priorities of three respective administrations. Therefore the research question of the following paper is; "What constitutes the main objectives of the US Arctic foreign policy in a climate-changed era and how has it evolved since the 2000s under three administrations?" The method used is a qualitative analysis of official policy and security documents, administration’s engagement and positioning related to the region, but also various reports published by think-tanks and experts to evaluate the US Arctic foreign policy in the face of emerging challenges and opportunities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• US Foreign Policy,Arctic Region,Climate Change,Arctic Council,Energy Security

İklim Değişikliği Çağında ABD ve Arktik Bölgesi: ABD Arktik Dış Politikasının 2000 Sonrası Gelişimi Üzerine Kısa Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin (ABD) Arktik bölgesine yönelik dış politikasının güncel bir analizini sunmaktır. Çalışma özellikle bölgenin politik, ekonomik ve güvenlikle ilişkili öneminin iklim değişikliğinin etkileri sonucunda hızlı bir yükselişe geçtiği 2000’li yıllardan bu yana olan döneme odaklanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, ABD’nin bölgeye ilişkin dış politikasının birbirini takip eden üç yönetim (Bush, Obama ve Trump yönetimleri) altında nasıl geliştiğini incelemeyi ve ilgili üç yönetimin bölgeye ilişkin öncelikleri arasındaki farkın ortaya çıkartılmasını hedeflemektedir. Çalışmanın araştırma sorusu şu şekildedir; “İklim değişikliği çağında ABD Arktik Politikasının temel hedefleri nelerdir ve bu politika üç yönetim altında nasıl gelişmiştir?” Kullanılan araştırma metodu resmi politika ve güvenlik dokümanlarının niteliksel analizinin yanı sıra, ilgili hükümetlerin bölgeye yönelik aktifliğinin ve açıklamalarının takip edilmesi, aynı zamanda düşünce kuruluşları ve uzmanların bölgedeki ABD politikasına yönelik raporlarının incelenmesinden oluşmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ABD Dış Politikası,Arktik Bölgesi,İklim Değişikliği,Arktik Konseyi,Enerji Güvenliği

Kaynakça

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