Kökenleri Eski Amacı Yeni Bir Terapi Modeli: Davranışsal Aktivasyon Terapisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 46 - 68, 29.10.2023

Yavuz Koşan

Öz

Davranışsal aktivasyon terapisi depresif bozukluklara müdahalede kullanılan davranışçı bir terapi modelidir. Lewinsohn ve Ferster gibi öncüllerin çalışmalarına dayanan davranışsal aktivasyon terapisi, temelde depresyonun bireylerin yaşamlarında ödüllendirici olan davranışları azalttığını yani aktivasyon düzeylerinin düşürdüğünü bununla birlikte erteleme ve sosyal çekinme gibi kaçınma davranışlarını ise arttırdığını savunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla müdahale genellikle bireylerin aktivasyon düzeylerini arttırmaya, kaçınma davranışlarını ise azaltmaya yönelik stratejiler kullanılarak yürütülmeye çalışılır. Davranışsal aktivasyon terapisi depresyona müdahalede kanıta dayalı bir müdahale olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte son zamanlarda çeşitli kaygı bozuklukları ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gibi psikolojik sorunlara yönelikte kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Mevcut çalışmada davranışsal aktivasyon terapisinin genel özellikleri, tarihsel gelişimi ve kullanım alanları ve kullanılan tekniklere yer verilmiştir. Derleme çalışma sonucunda davranışsal aktivasyon terapisinin depresyon, kaygı bozuklukları ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu müdahalede etkili olduğu özellikle alan uzmanları için pratik bir terapi modeli sunduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Davranışsal aktivasyon terapisi, davranışsal aktivasyon, depresyon, kaçınma, aktivasyon

Kaynakça

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