Araştırma Makalesi
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Hava taşımacılık kalitesinin hava kargo ile iklim ve enerji sürdürülebilirliği arasındaki etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 67 - 78, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.55212/ijaa.1608934

Öz

Hava kargo, dünya ticaretinde kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Uluslararası pazarlardaki yoğun rekabet, güvenilir ve daha hızlı taşıma ve teslimat gereksinimlerini beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu zorunluluk, hava kargonun diğer taşıma türlerine göre önemini artırmaktadır. Dünya ticaretinin değer bazında önemli bir kısmı hava kargo yoluyla taşınmaktadır. Bunun nedeni, katma değeri yüksek ve zamana karşı duyarlı malların hava kargoya olan talebinin giderek artması ve bunun sonucunda daha yüksek bir hava kargo trafiğinin oluşmasıdır. Sektör tahminleri bu artışın gelecekte de devam edeceğini göstermektedir. Bu büyümeye uyum sağlamak için hava taşımacılığı altyapı kalitesinin geliştirilmesi ise kaçınılmazdır. Ancak, bu gelişme ekonomik kalkınmayı güçlendirirken, iklim ve enerji sürdürülebilirliğini tersine zayıflatmaktadır. Bu çalışma özellikle bu kritik zayıflatıcı olumsuz etkiye odaklanmakta ve hava taşımacılık altyapı kalitesinin, hava kargo ile iklim ve enerji sürdürülebilirliği ilişkisine aracılık edip-etmediğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu araştırma, ülkelerarası verilerin Baron ve Kenny aracılık yöntemi, çoklu regresyon ve Sobel testi ile analizine dayanmaktadır. Analiz sonucu, hava taşımacılığı altyapı kalitesinin, hava kargo ile iklim ve enerji sürdürülebilirliği arasında kısmi bir aracı rol üstlendiğini göstermektedir. Hava kargo trafiğinin artması iklim ve enerji üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu ilişkiye hava taşımacılık kalitesi dâhil edildiğinde ise hava kargonun iklim ve enerji üzerindeki daha önceki olumsuz etkisi azalmaktadır, ancak bu etki azalsa da etkinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlılığının hala devam ettiği görülmektedir. Bu sonuç bize, iklim ve enerji sürdürülebilirlik politikalarında, hem hızla artan hava kargo trafiğinin, hem de hava taşımacılık altyapı kalitesinin birlikte hesaba katılıp, kontrol edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • ACI. (2023). Developing an Airport Net Zero Carbon Roadmap, https://aci-europe.org/downloads/content/ACI%20EUROPE%20Summary%20Repository%20-%20Airport%20Net%20Zero%20Roadmaps.pdf (Access date: 27.12.2023)
  • Airbus (2025). https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/global-market-forecast, (Access date: 12.10.2025)
  • Baron, R., and Kenny, D. (1986). The moderator - mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical consideration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182
  • Beccarello, M., and Di Foggia, G. (2023). Review and Perspectives of Key Decarbonization Drivers to 2030. Energies, 16(3), 1345
  • Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., & Barnhart C. (2016). The Global Airline Industry. 2. Ed., West Wiley, Sussex, 2016
  • Boeing (2025). https://www.boeing.com/commercial/market/commercial-market-outlook#overview, (Access date: 12.10.2025)
  • Cho, H., ve Lee, J. (2020). Does transportation size matter for competitiveness in the logistics industry? The cases of maritime and air transportation, The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 36, 202-211
  • Çelebi, Ü. (2023a). The Role of Air Cargo between Air Transport Development and Environmental Sustainability, RAM Journal, 3(2), 1-11
  • Çelebi, Ü. (2023b). Hava Kargo Trafik Artışının Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik Üzerindeki Etkisi: Hava Taşımacılık Altyapısının Rolüne İlişkin bir Araştırma, İpek, E., Turgut, M. (Ed.), Tedarik Zinciri ve Lojistik Yönetiminde Dijitalleşme ve Güncel Yaklaşımlar, Paradigma Akademi, Türkiye, 2023, 81-100.
  • Echeverria, A. J. V., Palacios, J., Davila, C. C., and Zheng, S. (2023). Quantifying the financial value of building decarbonization technology under uncertainty: Integrating energy modeling and investment analysis. Energy and Buildings, 113260
  • Graham, A. (2023). Managing Airports – International Perspective. 6. Ed. London: Taylor & Francis
  • Graver, B., Zhang, K. & Rutherford, D. (2019). CO2 Emissions from Commercial Aviation, https://theicct.org/publication/co2-emissions-from-commercial-aviation-2018/ (Access date: 27.11.2023)
  • Hummels, L. D. and Schaur, G. (2013). Time as a trade barrier. American Economic Review, 103(7), 2935–2959
  • IATA, Value of Air Cargo, (2023). https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/sustainability/benefits/air-cargo-brochure.pdf Value of air cargo - Special Cargo https://www.iata.org/contentassets/62bae061c05b429ea508cb0c49907c4c/voac-fact-sheet-ecommerce.pdf (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • ICAO, Air Cargo Sustainable Development (2024). https://www.icao.int/sustainability/economic-policy/Pages/Air-Cargo-Sustainable-Development.aspx. (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • Keith, Z. T. (2015). Multiple Regression and Beyond, An Introduction to Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modeling, 2. Ed., Routledge, New York
  • Kou, G., Yüksel, S., and Dinçer, H. (2022). Inventive problem-solving map of innovative carbon emission strategies for solar energy-based transportation investment projects. Applied Energy, 311, 118680
  • Larson, D., P. (2021). Relationships between Logistics Performance and Aspects of Sustainability: A Cross-Country Analysis, Sustainability, MDPI, 13, 623
  • Morrell, S. and Klein, T. (2019) Moving Boxes by Air the Economics of Air Cargo, 2nd Ed., Routledge, New York
  • SSI TH Köln. (2023). Sustainable Society Index, https://ssi.wi.th-koeln.de/html (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • TIACA (2021). The Air Cargo Sustainability Roadmap Accelerating the transformation of air cargo, https://tiaca.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/TIACA-Air-Cargo-Sustainability-Roadmap-FINAL04November2021.pdf. (Access date: 27.11.2024)
  • Sobel, M. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. Sociological methodology, 290–312
  • UN, Sustainable Development Goals - Air Freight Ton Km. (2024). https://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=WDI&f=Indicator_Code%3AIS.AIR.GOOD.MT.K1. (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • WEF, The Global Enabling Report, World Economic Forum. (2016). WEF_GETR_2016_report.pdf (weforum.org) (Access date: 27.11.2024)
  • WORLDBANK, Air Freight Ton Km (2024). https://databank.worldbank.org/source/sustainable-development-goals-(sdgs) . (Access date: 20.12.2024)

The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 67 - 78, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.55212/ijaa.1608934

Öz

Air cargo plays a critical role in world trade. The intense competition in international markets requires reliable and faster means of transportation. This necessity increases the importance of air cargo. Significant portion of the world trade in terms of value is carried by air. This is because higher added value and time sensitive goods increasingly demand for air cargo and this results in higher cargo traffic transported by air. The increase looks to continue well into the future in line with the expectations of the industry. To accommodate the growth, the continuous development of the quality of air transportation infrastructure is inevitable and this creates in return an adverse effect on climate and energy sustainability. The study focuses on this negative effect and aims to examine whether air transportation quality is mediating air cargo and climate & energy. The research is based on cross country data analysed via Baron and Kenny mediator method, regression and Sobel test. The result of the analysis shows that the quality of air transportation is a partial mediator between air cargo with climate and energy. The increase of air cargo traffic has an adverse effect on climate & energy and by introducing air transportation quality in the relationship, the earlier negative effect of air cargo on climate and energy falls but still keeps its statistical significance. To sustain climate & energy, policies should control the rapid rise of air cargo on the one hand, and the development of air transportation quality on the other.

Kaynakça

  • ACI. (2023). Developing an Airport Net Zero Carbon Roadmap, https://aci-europe.org/downloads/content/ACI%20EUROPE%20Summary%20Repository%20-%20Airport%20Net%20Zero%20Roadmaps.pdf (Access date: 27.12.2023)
  • Airbus (2025). https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/global-market-forecast, (Access date: 12.10.2025)
  • Baron, R., and Kenny, D. (1986). The moderator - mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical consideration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182
  • Beccarello, M., and Di Foggia, G. (2023). Review and Perspectives of Key Decarbonization Drivers to 2030. Energies, 16(3), 1345
  • Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., & Barnhart C. (2016). The Global Airline Industry. 2. Ed., West Wiley, Sussex, 2016
  • Boeing (2025). https://www.boeing.com/commercial/market/commercial-market-outlook#overview, (Access date: 12.10.2025)
  • Cho, H., ve Lee, J. (2020). Does transportation size matter for competitiveness in the logistics industry? The cases of maritime and air transportation, The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 36, 202-211
  • Çelebi, Ü. (2023a). The Role of Air Cargo between Air Transport Development and Environmental Sustainability, RAM Journal, 3(2), 1-11
  • Çelebi, Ü. (2023b). Hava Kargo Trafik Artışının Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik Üzerindeki Etkisi: Hava Taşımacılık Altyapısının Rolüne İlişkin bir Araştırma, İpek, E., Turgut, M. (Ed.), Tedarik Zinciri ve Lojistik Yönetiminde Dijitalleşme ve Güncel Yaklaşımlar, Paradigma Akademi, Türkiye, 2023, 81-100.
  • Echeverria, A. J. V., Palacios, J., Davila, C. C., and Zheng, S. (2023). Quantifying the financial value of building decarbonization technology under uncertainty: Integrating energy modeling and investment analysis. Energy and Buildings, 113260
  • Graham, A. (2023). Managing Airports – International Perspective. 6. Ed. London: Taylor & Francis
  • Graver, B., Zhang, K. & Rutherford, D. (2019). CO2 Emissions from Commercial Aviation, https://theicct.org/publication/co2-emissions-from-commercial-aviation-2018/ (Access date: 27.11.2023)
  • Hummels, L. D. and Schaur, G. (2013). Time as a trade barrier. American Economic Review, 103(7), 2935–2959
  • IATA, Value of Air Cargo, (2023). https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/sustainability/benefits/air-cargo-brochure.pdf Value of air cargo - Special Cargo https://www.iata.org/contentassets/62bae061c05b429ea508cb0c49907c4c/voac-fact-sheet-ecommerce.pdf (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • ICAO, Air Cargo Sustainable Development (2024). https://www.icao.int/sustainability/economic-policy/Pages/Air-Cargo-Sustainable-Development.aspx. (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • Keith, Z. T. (2015). Multiple Regression and Beyond, An Introduction to Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modeling, 2. Ed., Routledge, New York
  • Kou, G., Yüksel, S., and Dinçer, H. (2022). Inventive problem-solving map of innovative carbon emission strategies for solar energy-based transportation investment projects. Applied Energy, 311, 118680
  • Larson, D., P. (2021). Relationships between Logistics Performance and Aspects of Sustainability: A Cross-Country Analysis, Sustainability, MDPI, 13, 623
  • Morrell, S. and Klein, T. (2019) Moving Boxes by Air the Economics of Air Cargo, 2nd Ed., Routledge, New York
  • SSI TH Köln. (2023). Sustainable Society Index, https://ssi.wi.th-koeln.de/html (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • TIACA (2021). The Air Cargo Sustainability Roadmap Accelerating the transformation of air cargo, https://tiaca.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/TIACA-Air-Cargo-Sustainability-Roadmap-FINAL04November2021.pdf. (Access date: 27.11.2024)
  • Sobel, M. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. Sociological methodology, 290–312
  • UN, Sustainable Development Goals - Air Freight Ton Km. (2024). https://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=WDI&f=Indicator_Code%3AIS.AIR.GOOD.MT.K1. (Access date: 20.12.2024)
  • WEF, The Global Enabling Report, World Economic Forum. (2016). WEF_GETR_2016_report.pdf (weforum.org) (Access date: 27.11.2024)
  • WORLDBANK, Air Freight Ton Km (2024). https://databank.worldbank.org/source/sustainable-development-goals-(sdgs) . (Access date: 20.12.2024)
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ümit Çelebi 0000-0002-2779-4168

Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelebi, Ü. (2025). The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 6(2), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.55212/ijaa.1608934
AMA Çelebi Ü. The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Aralık 2025;6(2):67-78. doi:10.55212/ijaa.1608934
Chicago Çelebi, Ümit. “The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability”. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics 6, sy. 2 (Aralık 2025): 67-78. https://doi.org/10.55212/ijaa.1608934.
EndNote Çelebi Ü (01 Aralık 2025) The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics 6 2 67–78.
IEEE Ü. Çelebi, “The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability”, International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics, c. 6, sy. 2, ss. 67–78, 2025, doi: 10.55212/ijaa.1608934.
ISNAD Çelebi, Ümit. “The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability”. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics 6/2 (Aralık2025), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.55212/ijaa.1608934.
JAMA Çelebi Ü. The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics. 2025;6:67–78.
MLA Çelebi, Ümit. “The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability”. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics, c. 6, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 67-78, doi:10.55212/ijaa.1608934.
Vancouver Çelebi Ü. The effect of air transportation quality between air cargo and climate & energy sustainability. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics. 2025;6(2):67-78.

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