NOx Emission prediction based on measurement of in-cylinder pressure for CI engine running with diesel and biodiesel / Dizel ve Biyodizel Yakıt ile Çalışan Cı Motor için Silindir içi Basınç Ölçümü ile NOx Salınımı Tahmini

Öz

NOx is one of the major toxic emissions that needs to be regulated stringently in both EU and USA emission regulations. The engine designer is keen to get an accurate, reliable and cost effective NOx measurement system. In this paper, the application of the cylinder pressure for predicting the NOx emission of compression ignition (CI) engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel during steady state operations is carried out. To address the problem, an experimental work was conducted on four-cylinder, turbo-charged, four-stroke and direct-injection CI engine which was fuelled with diesel and biodiesel blends. During the experiment, the main parameters consisting of in-cylinder pressure, fuel flow rate, air flow rate, and the NOx emission, were measured. The temperature within the cylinder was predicted using the cylinder pressure and air flow rate. Using the temperature values, the NOx emission was simulated in the Zeldovich extended mechanism. The simulation result was then compared with the measured one for a range of engine operating conditions. The models were shown to produce consistent results with the measured one for a range of engine working speeds and loads. Özet: NOx hem AB’de hem de ABD’de salınım kanunlarında sıkıca denetlenen ana zehirleyici salınımlardan biridir. Motor tasarımcıları doğru, güvenilir ve düşük maliyetli NOx ölçüm sistemi elde etme peşindedir. Bu makalede, kararlı çalışma şartlarında dizel yakıt ve biyodizel yakıt ile çalışan sıkıştırma ateşlemeli (CI) motorun NOx salınımlarını tahmin için silindir basıncını ölçme uygulaması yapılmıştır. Sorunu çözmek için dizel ve biyodizel yakıtlarla beslenen dört silindirli, turboşarzlı, dört zamanlı ve doğrudan püskürtmeli CI motoru kullanılarak deneysel bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Deneyler sırasında silindir içi basıncı, yakıt debisi, hava debisi ve NOx salınımları değişkenlerinden oluşan ana parametreler ölçülmüştür. Silindir içerisindeki sıcaklık, silindir basıncı ve hava debisi kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Sıcaklık değerleri kullanılarak Zeldovich genişletilmiş mekanizmasında NOx salınımları benzeştirilmiştir. Benzeşim sonuçları daha sonra belirli bir motor çalışma aralığında ölçülen değerler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Modeller belirli bir motor hızı ve yükü için ölçülen değerler ile tutarlı sonuçlar üretmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• NOx emission prediction, In-cylinder pressure, In-cylinder Temperature, Biodiesel, Zeldovich mechanism, Transient measurement / NOx salınım tahmini, Silindir içi basıncı, Silindir içi sıcaklığı, Biyodizel, Zeldovich mekanizması, Geçici rejim

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