The role of teacher support and in class teaching practices on reading performance: Evidence from PISA 2018 outcomes for Türkiye

Abstract

The study deals with the variation of Turkish students' reading comprehension performance according to perceived teacher support and reading activities in the classroom. This study, which is grounded on the data drawn from the PISA 2018 database, investigates the relationship between certain variables. In the analyses performed on the PISA IDE server, the PISA 2018 reading literacy general averages of Türkiye were associated with the identified variables, and the differences in the averages were examined. As a result, perceived teacher support, teacher's adaptation of the course, and stimulation of reading engagement have a positive relationship with reading comprehension; however, it was found out that the frequency of receiving feedback had a negative relationship with reading performance. In addition, the general reading average of the students who reported that they had not performed activities such as summarizing, comparing the content of the text with their own experiences, comparing the text they have read with other texts written on similar topics, and writing about the text that has been read was much higher than those who reported that they had performed these activities. These results have strengthened the conclusion that teachers give feedback to poor readers more frequently. On the other hand, it is possible that good readers may find the learning activities in the course inadequate. In summary, reading comprehension performance is positively or negatively affected by teacher support, adaptive instruction, feedback, and engagement in reading activities in the classroom.

Keywords

• PISA 2018
• Reading comprehension
• Teacher support
• Feedback
• Stimulation
• In-class teaching practices

Öğretmen desteğinin ve sınıf içi öğretim uygulamalarının okuma başarısındaki rolü: PISA 2018 sonuçlarından Türkiye için çıkarımlar

Abstract

Çalışma, Türk öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama başarısının sınıf içinde algılanan öğretmen desteğine ve okumayla ilgili öğretim uygulamalarına göre değişimini ele almaktadır. PISA 2018 veri tabanından çekilen verilerle temellendirilen bu çalışma, belirlenen değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktadır. PISA IDE sunucusu üzerinden yapılan çözümlemede, belirlenen değişkenler açısından Türk öğrencilerin PISA 2018 okuma başarısı ortalamasında oluşan farklar incelenmiştir. Sonuçta, algılanan öğretmen desteğinin, öğretmenin dersi uyarlamasının ve okumaya katılımı özendirmesinin okuduğunu anlamayla olumlu bir ilişkisinin; ancak geliştirici geribildirim alma sıklığının okuma başarısıyla olumsuz bir ilişkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca özet çıkarma, metnin içeriğiyle kendi deneyimlerini karşılaştırma, okunan metinle ilgili yazı yazma ve benzer konularda yazılmış diğer metinlerle karşılaştırma gibi etkinliklerin yapılmadığını bildiren öğrencilerin genel okuma ortalaması, bu etkinliklerin yapıldığını bildiren öğrencilerden çok daha yüksektir. Bu sonuçlar, öğretmenlerin zayıf okurlara daha sık geribildirim verdiğine ilişkin çıkarımı güçlendirmiştir. Diğer yandan iyi okurların derste öğrenme etkinliklerini yetersiz buluyor olabileceği olasılığı belirmektedir. Özetle okuduğunu anlama başarısı; öğretmen desteği, öğretimi uyarlama, geribildirim ve sınıfta yapılan okuma etkinliklerine katılım gibi değişkenlerden olumlu ya da olumsuz olarak etkilenmektedir.

Keywords

• PISA 2018
• Okuduğunu anlama
• Öğretmen desteği
• Geribildirim
• Teşvik
• Sınıf içi öğretim uygulamaları

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