BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 53 - 63, 01.03.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • ABEYASEKERE, S., 1989. Jakarta: A history. Singapore: Oxford University Press.
  • Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) Blackburn, S., 2010. Jakarta: sejarah 400 tahun. Jakarta: Masup Jakarta.
  • BLUSSÉ, L., 1988. Strange Company: Chinese settlers, mestizo women, and the Dutch in VOC Batavia. Dordrecht
  • Holland: Foris Publication, BREUNING. 1954, National Archief (ANRI), which are collected in the Grote Atlas van de VOC (Comprehensive
  • Atlas of the Dutch United East India Company) BRUG, P. V. D. 1997. Malaria in Batavia in the 18th century. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2(9), 892
  • CALJOUW, M. and NAS, P., 2005. Flooding in Jakarta: towards a blue city with improved water management.
  • Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde (BKI), 161(4), 454-484. DE HAAN, F., 1922. Oud Batavia. Vol.I. G. Batavia: Kolff & Company.
  • DE HAAN, F., 1922. Oud Batavia. Vol.II. G. Batavia: Kolff & Company
  • GUNAWAN, R., 2010. Gagalnya sistem kanal: pengendalian banjir Jakarta dari masa ke masa. Jakarta: Kompas.
  • Grote Atlas van de VOC (Comprehensive Atlas of the Dutch United East India Company); GRIJNS, K. and Nas, P., 2000. Jakarta-Batavia: socio-cultural essays. Leiden: KITLV Press.
  • HANNA, W. A. (1988). Hikayat Jakarta. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
  • HARIS, T.. (2007). Kota dan Masyarakat Jakarta: dari kota tradisional ke kota kolonial (abad XVI-XVIII)
  • Wedatama Widya Sastra. HIGGINS, H. 2009. The grid book. MIT Press.
  • KEHOE, M.L., 2015. Dutch Batavia: Exposing the hierarchy of the Dutch colonial city. Journal of the Historians of Netherlandish Art, 7, pp.1-35.
  • KOSTOF, S., 1992. The city assembled. London: Thames and Hudson.
  • MERRILLEES, S., 2000. Batavia: In nineteenth-century photographs. UK: Curzon Press.
  • MOORE, C. 1994. Water and architecture: Thames and Hudson London.
  • STAVORINUS, J.S., 1798. Voyages to the East Indies. Translated by Samuel Hull Wilcocke. London: GG and J. Robinson.
  • UPTON, D., 2009. Grid as design method: The spatial imagination in early New Orleans. Architecture–Design
  • Methods–Inca Structures: Festschrift for Jean-Pierre Protzen, ed. Hans Dehlinger and Johanna Dehlinger. Kassel: Kassel University Press. Captions of Visual Material Figure 1. Maps of the Construction Period, 1619-1650 (Source: Breuning, 1954)
  • Figure 2. Transformation of Canal’s Existence (Source: Tracing of Maps from Het Nationaal Archief of Netherlands Figure 3. Existence of Canals in the Development Period, 1878
  • Figure 4. Land Use of European Housing and Kampongs, 1878
  • Figure 5. Canals with and without Grid Patterns
  • Figure 6. House of 17th Century (Source: van der Zee, D., 1926)
  • Figure 7 Typical House of the 19th Century Dutch-Indies Style (Source: Collectie_Tropenmuseum)
  • Figure 8. Canals in Batavia, 17th century (Source: KITLV Collectie, Leiden)
  • Figure 9. Street in Batavia, 20th century (Source: Collectie_Tropenmuseum)
  • Figure 10. Washing Activity, 20th century (Source: KITLV Collectie, Leiden)
  • Figure 11. Map of European Housing and Kampong, 20th century (Source: ANRI)

TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 53 - 63, 01.03.2018

Öz

This study aims to explore the changes in form and function of canals as important elements in the colonial city of Batavia. Historically, in the 17th Century, Batavia was built as the trading and colonial administrative centre for the Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie VOC . The VOC was a trading company backed by the Dutch East Indies colonial government, as part of the Dutch empire. The presence of the canals in Batavia made a significant contribution to the development of the colonial and indigenous civilization in Batavia. However, the canals in colonial Batavia underwent a process of transformation, from the beginning of the 17th Century to the end of colonialization in 1949. Through investigating maps, photos, and historical texts, a morphological analysis is used within a historical research method to review the form and function of the canals and their transformation. This paper maps out and identifies the differences occurring between three periods of 1 'The Heydey of Canals' Period, 2 'The Deterrioration of Canals' Period during the VOC colonial, in the 17th century until the 18 the century, and the last, 3 'The Function Changes of Canals' Period during the Dutch Colonial State in the 19th century. During the early VOC period, Batavia had many canals that formed an urban grid and these canals were used effectively in an urban context as the entrance or the ‘front yard.’ The canals formed a compact city and had many roles, such as for defense, as a medium of segregation, as a means of transportation and as a representation of a preferred colonial lifestyle. However, in the 18th century, the canals physically deteriorated due to lack of maintenance and natural sedimentation. Socially,life along the canals was compromised with poor health conditions attributed to mosquitoes and pollution from surrounding plantations. Meanwhile, in the 19th Century, the canals of the Dutch Colonial State period were reduced in number and no longer formed a transportation grid. The role of the canals as a means of transportation was fulfilled instead by roads with various vehicles. The canals’ role was then relegated in people’s perception to the ‘back yard.’ During this time, the canals served as service areas fro waste and to contain flood waters. The canals also had many functions related to the livelihood of indigenous people in Batavia, including transportation, washing, bathing, drinking water and sanitation

Kaynakça

  • ABEYASEKERE, S., 1989. Jakarta: A history. Singapore: Oxford University Press.
  • Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) Blackburn, S., 2010. Jakarta: sejarah 400 tahun. Jakarta: Masup Jakarta.
  • BLUSSÉ, L., 1988. Strange Company: Chinese settlers, mestizo women, and the Dutch in VOC Batavia. Dordrecht
  • Holland: Foris Publication, BREUNING. 1954, National Archief (ANRI), which are collected in the Grote Atlas van de VOC (Comprehensive
  • Atlas of the Dutch United East India Company) BRUG, P. V. D. 1997. Malaria in Batavia in the 18th century. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2(9), 892
  • CALJOUW, M. and NAS, P., 2005. Flooding in Jakarta: towards a blue city with improved water management.
  • Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde (BKI), 161(4), 454-484. DE HAAN, F., 1922. Oud Batavia. Vol.I. G. Batavia: Kolff & Company.
  • DE HAAN, F., 1922. Oud Batavia. Vol.II. G. Batavia: Kolff & Company
  • GUNAWAN, R., 2010. Gagalnya sistem kanal: pengendalian banjir Jakarta dari masa ke masa. Jakarta: Kompas.
  • Grote Atlas van de VOC (Comprehensive Atlas of the Dutch United East India Company); GRIJNS, K. and Nas, P., 2000. Jakarta-Batavia: socio-cultural essays. Leiden: KITLV Press.
  • HANNA, W. A. (1988). Hikayat Jakarta. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
  • HARIS, T.. (2007). Kota dan Masyarakat Jakarta: dari kota tradisional ke kota kolonial (abad XVI-XVIII)
  • Wedatama Widya Sastra. HIGGINS, H. 2009. The grid book. MIT Press.
  • KEHOE, M.L., 2015. Dutch Batavia: Exposing the hierarchy of the Dutch colonial city. Journal of the Historians of Netherlandish Art, 7, pp.1-35.
  • KOSTOF, S., 1992. The city assembled. London: Thames and Hudson.
  • MERRILLEES, S., 2000. Batavia: In nineteenth-century photographs. UK: Curzon Press.
  • MOORE, C. 1994. Water and architecture: Thames and Hudson London.
  • STAVORINUS, J.S., 1798. Voyages to the East Indies. Translated by Samuel Hull Wilcocke. London: GG and J. Robinson.
  • UPTON, D., 2009. Grid as design method: The spatial imagination in early New Orleans. Architecture–Design
  • Methods–Inca Structures: Festschrift for Jean-Pierre Protzen, ed. Hans Dehlinger and Johanna Dehlinger. Kassel: Kassel University Press. Captions of Visual Material Figure 1. Maps of the Construction Period, 1619-1650 (Source: Breuning, 1954)
  • Figure 2. Transformation of Canal’s Existence (Source: Tracing of Maps from Het Nationaal Archief of Netherlands Figure 3. Existence of Canals in the Development Period, 1878
  • Figure 4. Land Use of European Housing and Kampongs, 1878
  • Figure 5. Canals with and without Grid Patterns
  • Figure 6. House of 17th Century (Source: van der Zee, D., 1926)
  • Figure 7 Typical House of the 19th Century Dutch-Indies Style (Source: Collectie_Tropenmuseum)
  • Figure 8. Canals in Batavia, 17th century (Source: KITLV Collectie, Leiden)
  • Figure 9. Street in Batavia, 20th century (Source: Collectie_Tropenmuseum)
  • Figure 10. Washing Activity, 20th century (Source: KITLV Collectie, Leiden)
  • Figure 11. Map of European Housing and Kampong, 20th century (Source: ANRI)
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Euıs Puspıta Dewı Bu kişi benim

Kemas Rıdwan Kurnıawan Bu kişi benim

Evawanı Ellısa Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Dewı, E. P., Kurnıawan, K. R., & Ellısa, E. (2018). TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies, 3(1), 53-63.
AMA Dewı EP, Kurnıawan KR, Ellısa E. TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies. Mart 2018;3(1):53-63.
Chicago Dewı, Euıs Puspıta, Kemas Rıdwan Kurnıawan, ve Evawanı Ellısa. “TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA”. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies 3, sy. 1 (Mart 2018): 53-63.
EndNote Dewı EP, Kurnıawan KR, Ellısa E (01 Mart 2018) TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies 3 1 53–63.
IEEE E. P. Dewı, K. R. Kurnıawan, ve E. Ellısa, “TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA”, International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies, c. 3, sy. 1, ss. 53–63, 2018.
ISNAD Dewı, Euıs Puspıta vd. “TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA”. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies 3/1 (Mart 2018), 53-63.
JAMA Dewı EP, Kurnıawan KR, Ellısa E. TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies. 2018;3:53–63.
MLA Dewı, Euıs Puspıta vd. “TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA”. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies, c. 3, sy. 1, 2018, ss. 53-63.
Vancouver Dewı EP, Kurnıawan KR, Ellısa E. TRANSFORMATION OF CANALS IN COLONIAL BATAVIA. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies. 2018;3(1):53-6.