Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 121 - 137, 01.12.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albino, V., Dangelico, R.M. & Pontrandolfo, P. (2012). “Do inter-organisational collaboration enhance a firm’s environmental performance? A study of largest
  • U.S. companies”. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 37, pp. 304-315. Antonio, K.W.L., Richard, C.M.Y. & Tang, E. (2009). “The complementarity of internal integration and product modularity: an empirical study of their interaction effect on competitive capabilities”. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Vol. 26, pp. 305-326.
  • Barnes, J. & Liao, Y. (2012). “The effect of individual, network, and collaborative competencies on the supply chain management system”. International Journal of
  • Production Economics, Vol.140, No. 2, pp. 888-899. Bayraktar, E., Demirbag, M., Koh, S.C.L., Tatoglu, E. & Zaim, H. (2009). “A causal analysis of the impact of information systems and supply chain management practices on operational performance: evidence from manufacturing
  • SMEs in Turkey”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 122, pp.133-149. Bearden, W.O., Netemeyer, R.G. & Haws, K.L. (2011). “Handbook of marketing scales: multi-item measures for marketing and consumer behaviour research”. rd ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
  • Braunscheidel, M.J. & Suresh, N.C. (2009). “The organisational antecedents of a firm’s supply chain agility for risk mitigation and response”. Journal of
  • Operations Management, Vol. 27, pp. 119-140. Chen, D.Q., Preston, D.S. & Xia, W. (2012). “Enhancing hospital supply chain performance: a relational view and empirical test”. Journal of Operation Management, Vol. 31, pp.391-408.
  • Chin, T.A., Hamid, A.B.A., Rasli, A. & Baharun, R. (2012). “Adoption of supply chain management in SMEs”. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. , pp. 614-619.
  • Choy, K.L., Chow, H.K.H., Tan, K.H., Chan, C.K., Mok, E.C.M. & Wang, Q. (2008). “Leveraging the supply chain flexibility of third party logistics: hybrid knowledge-based system approach”. Expert Systems with Application, Vol. 35, pp. 998-2016.
  • Droge, C., VickerY, S. & Jacobs, M.A. (2012). “Does supply chain integration mediate the relationships between product/process strategy and service performance? An empirical study”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 137, pp.250-262.
  • Flynn, B.B., Huo, B. & Zhao, X. (2010). “The impact of supply chain integration on performance: a contingency and configuration approach”. Journal of
  • Operations Management, Vol.28, pp.58-71. Garengo, P., Biazzo, S. & BititcI, U.S. (2005). “Performance measurement systems in SMEs: a review for a research agenda”. International Journal of
  • Management Reviews, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 25-47. Golicic, S.L. & Davis, D.F. (2012). “Implementing mixed methods research in supply chain management”. International Journal of Physical Distribution &
  • Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No: 8/9, pp.726-741. Gong, Z. (2008). “An economic evaluation model of supply chain flexibility”.
  • European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 184, pp. 745-758. Gosling, J., Purvis, L. & Naim, M.M. (2009). “Supply chain flexibility as a determinant of supplier selection”. International of Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 1, pp.1-11.
  • Green, K.W., Whitten, D. & Inman, R.A. (2012). “Aligning marketing strategies throughout the supply chain to enhance performance”. Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 41, pp.1008-1018.
  • Hakansson, H. & Ford, D. (2002). “How should companies interact in business networks?” Journal of Business Research, Vol.55, pp.133-139.
  • Hammervoll, T. (2011). “Honeymoons in supply chain relationships: the effects of financial capital, social capital and psychological commitment”. International
  • Journal of Logistics Management, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 264-279. Harland, C.M., Caldwell, N.D., Powell, P. & Zheng, J. (2007). “Barriers to supply chain information integration: SMEs adrift of eLands”. Journal of Operations
  • Management, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp.1234-1254.
  • Hartmann, E. & Grahl, A. (2012). “Logistics outsourcing interfaces: the role of customer partnering behaviour”. International Journal of Physical Distribution &
  • Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No.6, pp.526-543. Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). “Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus alternatives”. Structural Equation Modelling, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Johnson, B. & Christensen, L. (2012). “Educational research: quantitative, qualitative and mixed approaches”. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
  • Kenny, B & Fahy, J. (2011). “SMEs networking capability and international performance. In Baxter, R. & Woodside, A.G., ed. Inter-firm networks: theory, strategy and behaviour”. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, pp.199-376.
  • Kern, D. (2011). “Essays on purchasing and supply chain management”.
  • Heidelberg, Germany: Gabler. Khosrow-Pour, M. (2006). “Emerging trends and challenges in information technology management”. British Cataloging in Publications Data: USA.
  • KNC & ASSOCIATES. (2002). Access to finance for SMEs: presentation to
  • APDF conference. [Online]. Available at: <http://www.smesurvey.co.za.html>. Accessed: 03/19/2013.
  • Lei, P.W. & Wu, Q. (2007). “Introduction to structural equation modeling: issues and practical considerations”. Educational Measurement, Vol. 26, No.3, pp.33-43.
  • Li, S., Ragu-nathan, B., Ragu-nathan, T.S. & Rao, S.S. (2006). “The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantages and organisational performance”. Omega, Vol. 34, pp.107-124.
  • Martinsen, U. & Bjorklund, M. (2012). “Matches and gaps in the green logistics market”. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No.6, pp.562-583.
  • Merschmann, U. & Thonemann, U.W. (2011). “Supply chain flexibility, uncertainty and firm performance: an empirical analysis of German manufacturing firms”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol.130, pp.43-53.
  • Narasimhan, R. & Kim, S.W. (2002). “Effect of supply chain integration on the relationship between diversification and performance: evidence from Japanese and Korean firms”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 20, pp. 303-323.
  • Narasimhan, R. & Talluri, S. (2009). “Perspectives on risk management in supply chains”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol.27, No.2, pp.114-118.
  • Nielsen, A.E. & Thomsen, C. (2009). “ CSR communication in small and medium-sized enterprises: a study of the attitudes and beliefs of middle managers”. International Journal of Corporate Communications, Vol.14, No.2, pp. 176-189.
  • Olsson U. H., Troye, S.V., Foss, T. & Howell, R.D. (2000). “The performance of
  • ML, GLS, and WLS Estimation in Structural Equation Modeling under conditions of Misspecification and Non-normality”. Structural Equation Modeling, 7, 4, 557- Oke, A., Burke, G. & Myers, A. (2007). “Innovation types and performance in growing UK SMEs”. International Journal of Operations & Production
  • Management, Vol. 27, No.7, pp. 735-753. Rabinovich, E., Knemeyer, A.M. & Mayer, C.M. (2007). “Why do internet commerce firms incorporate logistics service providers in their distribution channels? The role of transaction costs and network strength”. Journal of
  • Operations Management, Vol. 25, pp. 661-681. Sanchez, A.M. & Perez, M.P. (2005). “Supply chain flexibility and firm performance: A conceptual model and empirical study in the automotive industry”. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. , 7, pp. 681-700.
  • Shang, K. & Marlow, P.B. (2005). “Logistics capability and performance in
  • Taiwan’s major manufacturing firms”. Transportation Research, Vol. 41, pp. 217- Soontiens, W. (2002). “Managing international trade: an analysis of South Africa
  • SMEs and regional exports”. Management Decisions, Vol. 40, 7, pp. 710-719. Tachizawa, E.M. & Gimenez, C. (2010). “Supply flexibility strategies in Spanish firms: results from a survey”. International Journal of Production Economics, :214-224.
  • Thakkar, J., Kanda, A. & Deshmukh, S.G. (2008). “Supply chain management in
  • SMEs: development of constructs and propositions”. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing & Logistics, Vol. 20, 1. pp. 97-131. Vinzi, V.E., Chin, W.W., Henseler, J. & Wang, H. (2010). “Handbook of partial least squares: concepts, methods and application”. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Velag.
  • Williams, B.D., Roh, J., Tokar, T. & Swink, S. (2013). “Leveraging supply chain visibility for responsiveness: the moderating role of internal integration”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 31, pp.543-554.
  • Wong, C.Y., Boon-itt, S. & Wong, C.W.Y. (2011). “The contingency effects of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 29, pp. 615.
  • Wu, I.L., Chuang, C, H. & Hsu, C.H. (2014). “Information sharing and collaborative behaviors in enabling supply chain performance: a social exchange perspective”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 148, pp. 122
  • Zha, X. & Chen, M. (2009). “Competitive Intelligence Monitoring in the risk prevention of SMEs”. Journal of Service Science & Management, Vol. 3, pp. 230
  • Zhang, Q., Vonderembse, M.A. & Su Lim, J. (2003). “Manufacturing flexibility:
  • Defining and analysing relationships among competence, capability, and customer satisfaction”. Journal of Operational Management, Vol. 21, pp. 173-191.

THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 121 - 137, 01.12.2016

Öz

Competitive challenges in the modern business environment have resulted in the need for organisations to integrate business processes strategically across other business units within the supply chain network. The study examines the influence of supply chain network, flexibility and integration on the SMEs business performance in the Southern Gauteng region. A quantitative research survey was conducted among 401 SMEs owners/managers. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyse the data. AMOS 22.0 was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis. Structural path modelling (SEM) was conducted to assess the proposed model fit and to test the statistically significant relationship of the hypothesis. The research study results revealed that supply chain network, flexibility and integration positively influence SMEs business performance. This study contributes new knowledge to the existing literature by providing a research framework that can enhance SMEs performance and also provide practical recommendations based on the research findings for SMEs and for future research. Furthermore, as one of the first studies addressing the influence of supply chain network, flexibility and integration on the performance of SMEs in the Southern Gauteng region, in South, it has generated new insights and outlines strategic reasons for SME owners and managers to improve on their business relationships across the value chain

Kaynakça

  • Albino, V., Dangelico, R.M. & Pontrandolfo, P. (2012). “Do inter-organisational collaboration enhance a firm’s environmental performance? A study of largest
  • U.S. companies”. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 37, pp. 304-315. Antonio, K.W.L., Richard, C.M.Y. & Tang, E. (2009). “The complementarity of internal integration and product modularity: an empirical study of their interaction effect on competitive capabilities”. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Vol. 26, pp. 305-326.
  • Barnes, J. & Liao, Y. (2012). “The effect of individual, network, and collaborative competencies on the supply chain management system”. International Journal of
  • Production Economics, Vol.140, No. 2, pp. 888-899. Bayraktar, E., Demirbag, M., Koh, S.C.L., Tatoglu, E. & Zaim, H. (2009). “A causal analysis of the impact of information systems and supply chain management practices on operational performance: evidence from manufacturing
  • SMEs in Turkey”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 122, pp.133-149. Bearden, W.O., Netemeyer, R.G. & Haws, K.L. (2011). “Handbook of marketing scales: multi-item measures for marketing and consumer behaviour research”. rd ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
  • Braunscheidel, M.J. & Suresh, N.C. (2009). “The organisational antecedents of a firm’s supply chain agility for risk mitigation and response”. Journal of
  • Operations Management, Vol. 27, pp. 119-140. Chen, D.Q., Preston, D.S. & Xia, W. (2012). “Enhancing hospital supply chain performance: a relational view and empirical test”. Journal of Operation Management, Vol. 31, pp.391-408.
  • Chin, T.A., Hamid, A.B.A., Rasli, A. & Baharun, R. (2012). “Adoption of supply chain management in SMEs”. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. , pp. 614-619.
  • Choy, K.L., Chow, H.K.H., Tan, K.H., Chan, C.K., Mok, E.C.M. & Wang, Q. (2008). “Leveraging the supply chain flexibility of third party logistics: hybrid knowledge-based system approach”. Expert Systems with Application, Vol. 35, pp. 998-2016.
  • Droge, C., VickerY, S. & Jacobs, M.A. (2012). “Does supply chain integration mediate the relationships between product/process strategy and service performance? An empirical study”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 137, pp.250-262.
  • Flynn, B.B., Huo, B. & Zhao, X. (2010). “The impact of supply chain integration on performance: a contingency and configuration approach”. Journal of
  • Operations Management, Vol.28, pp.58-71. Garengo, P., Biazzo, S. & BititcI, U.S. (2005). “Performance measurement systems in SMEs: a review for a research agenda”. International Journal of
  • Management Reviews, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 25-47. Golicic, S.L. & Davis, D.F. (2012). “Implementing mixed methods research in supply chain management”. International Journal of Physical Distribution &
  • Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No: 8/9, pp.726-741. Gong, Z. (2008). “An economic evaluation model of supply chain flexibility”.
  • European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 184, pp. 745-758. Gosling, J., Purvis, L. & Naim, M.M. (2009). “Supply chain flexibility as a determinant of supplier selection”. International of Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 1, pp.1-11.
  • Green, K.W., Whitten, D. & Inman, R.A. (2012). “Aligning marketing strategies throughout the supply chain to enhance performance”. Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 41, pp.1008-1018.
  • Hakansson, H. & Ford, D. (2002). “How should companies interact in business networks?” Journal of Business Research, Vol.55, pp.133-139.
  • Hammervoll, T. (2011). “Honeymoons in supply chain relationships: the effects of financial capital, social capital and psychological commitment”. International
  • Journal of Logistics Management, Vol.22, No.2, pp. 264-279. Harland, C.M., Caldwell, N.D., Powell, P. & Zheng, J. (2007). “Barriers to supply chain information integration: SMEs adrift of eLands”. Journal of Operations
  • Management, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp.1234-1254.
  • Hartmann, E. & Grahl, A. (2012). “Logistics outsourcing interfaces: the role of customer partnering behaviour”. International Journal of Physical Distribution &
  • Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No.6, pp.526-543. Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). “Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus alternatives”. Structural Equation Modelling, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Johnson, B. & Christensen, L. (2012). “Educational research: quantitative, qualitative and mixed approaches”. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
  • Kenny, B & Fahy, J. (2011). “SMEs networking capability and international performance. In Baxter, R. & Woodside, A.G., ed. Inter-firm networks: theory, strategy and behaviour”. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, pp.199-376.
  • Kern, D. (2011). “Essays on purchasing and supply chain management”.
  • Heidelberg, Germany: Gabler. Khosrow-Pour, M. (2006). “Emerging trends and challenges in information technology management”. British Cataloging in Publications Data: USA.
  • KNC & ASSOCIATES. (2002). Access to finance for SMEs: presentation to
  • APDF conference. [Online]. Available at: <http://www.smesurvey.co.za.html>. Accessed: 03/19/2013.
  • Lei, P.W. & Wu, Q. (2007). “Introduction to structural equation modeling: issues and practical considerations”. Educational Measurement, Vol. 26, No.3, pp.33-43.
  • Li, S., Ragu-nathan, B., Ragu-nathan, T.S. & Rao, S.S. (2006). “The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantages and organisational performance”. Omega, Vol. 34, pp.107-124.
  • Martinsen, U. & Bjorklund, M. (2012). “Matches and gaps in the green logistics market”. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 42, No.6, pp.562-583.
  • Merschmann, U. & Thonemann, U.W. (2011). “Supply chain flexibility, uncertainty and firm performance: an empirical analysis of German manufacturing firms”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol.130, pp.43-53.
  • Narasimhan, R. & Kim, S.W. (2002). “Effect of supply chain integration on the relationship between diversification and performance: evidence from Japanese and Korean firms”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 20, pp. 303-323.
  • Narasimhan, R. & Talluri, S. (2009). “Perspectives on risk management in supply chains”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol.27, No.2, pp.114-118.
  • Nielsen, A.E. & Thomsen, C. (2009). “ CSR communication in small and medium-sized enterprises: a study of the attitudes and beliefs of middle managers”. International Journal of Corporate Communications, Vol.14, No.2, pp. 176-189.
  • Olsson U. H., Troye, S.V., Foss, T. & Howell, R.D. (2000). “The performance of
  • ML, GLS, and WLS Estimation in Structural Equation Modeling under conditions of Misspecification and Non-normality”. Structural Equation Modeling, 7, 4, 557- Oke, A., Burke, G. & Myers, A. (2007). “Innovation types and performance in growing UK SMEs”. International Journal of Operations & Production
  • Management, Vol. 27, No.7, pp. 735-753. Rabinovich, E., Knemeyer, A.M. & Mayer, C.M. (2007). “Why do internet commerce firms incorporate logistics service providers in their distribution channels? The role of transaction costs and network strength”. Journal of
  • Operations Management, Vol. 25, pp. 661-681. Sanchez, A.M. & Perez, M.P. (2005). “Supply chain flexibility and firm performance: A conceptual model and empirical study in the automotive industry”. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. , 7, pp. 681-700.
  • Shang, K. & Marlow, P.B. (2005). “Logistics capability and performance in
  • Taiwan’s major manufacturing firms”. Transportation Research, Vol. 41, pp. 217- Soontiens, W. (2002). “Managing international trade: an analysis of South Africa
  • SMEs and regional exports”. Management Decisions, Vol. 40, 7, pp. 710-719. Tachizawa, E.M. & Gimenez, C. (2010). “Supply flexibility strategies in Spanish firms: results from a survey”. International Journal of Production Economics, :214-224.
  • Thakkar, J., Kanda, A. & Deshmukh, S.G. (2008). “Supply chain management in
  • SMEs: development of constructs and propositions”. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing & Logistics, Vol. 20, 1. pp. 97-131. Vinzi, V.E., Chin, W.W., Henseler, J. & Wang, H. (2010). “Handbook of partial least squares: concepts, methods and application”. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Velag.
  • Williams, B.D., Roh, J., Tokar, T. & Swink, S. (2013). “Leveraging supply chain visibility for responsiveness: the moderating role of internal integration”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 31, pp.543-554.
  • Wong, C.Y., Boon-itt, S. & Wong, C.W.Y. (2011). “The contingency effects of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance”. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 29, pp. 615.
  • Wu, I.L., Chuang, C, H. & Hsu, C.H. (2014). “Information sharing and collaborative behaviors in enabling supply chain performance: a social exchange perspective”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 148, pp. 122
  • Zha, X. & Chen, M. (2009). “Competitive Intelligence Monitoring in the risk prevention of SMEs”. Journal of Service Science & Management, Vol. 3, pp. 230
  • Zhang, Q., Vonderembse, M.A. & Su Lim, J. (2003). “Manufacturing flexibility:
  • Defining and analysing relationships among competence, capability, and customer satisfaction”. Journal of Operational Management, Vol. 21, pp. 173-191.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi
Diğer ID JA32FA35FA
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

O. Omoruyi Bu kişi benim

M. Dhurup Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Omoruyi, O., & Dhurup, M. (2016). THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 8(2), 121-137.
AMA Omoruyi O, Dhurup M. THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA. IJBMS. Aralık 2016;8(2):121-137.
Chicago Omoruyi, O., ve M. Dhurup. “THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA”. International Journal of Business and Management Studies 8, sy. 2 (Aralık 2016): 121-37.
EndNote Omoruyi O, Dhurup M (01 Aralık 2016) THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA. International Journal of Business and Management Studies 8 2 121–137.
IEEE O. Omoruyi ve M. Dhurup, “THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA”, IJBMS, c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 121–137, 2016.
ISNAD Omoruyi, O. - Dhurup, M. “THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA”. International Journal of Business and Management Studies 8/2 (Aralık 2016), 121-137.
JAMA Omoruyi O, Dhurup M. THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA. IJBMS. 2016;8:121–137.
MLA Omoruyi, O. ve M. Dhurup. “THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA”. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, c. 8, sy. 2, 2016, ss. 121-37.
Vancouver Omoruyi O, Dhurup M. THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORKS, FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTHERN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA. IJBMS. 2016;8(2):121-37.