Development of Energy Management and Voltage Control Algorithms for Microgrids: A Case Study with Static Voltage Regulator at Low Voltage Level

Öz

Recently, with the increase in distributed energy production, consumers' voltage rises on the low voltage (LV) side. At the same time, problems such as reverse power flow and grid instability together with the increase in voltage cause power line losses, therefore system efficiency decreases. This paper proposes a static voltage regulator (SVR) voltage control algorithm to solve LV microgrids’ voltage problems. A simulation study has been carried out for the implementation of a voltage control algorithm together with the Rule Based and Optimization Based Energy Management System (EMS). IEEE 13 Bus test system and proposed algorithms are modeled in Simulink/MATLAB. Results of Optimization Based EMS are obtained with Python programming language. Voltage and load profiles are obtained from automatic meter reading (AMR) data. Furthermore, results demonstrate that the SVR voltage control algorithm can be used effectively to reduce microgrids’ voltage to the desired voltage level. Additionally, it has been proved by simulation results that microgrids can be managed more effectively with Optimization Based EMS.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Energy management system (EMS)
• microgrid
• optimization
• voltage regulation

Mikro Şebekeler için Enerji Yönetimi ve Gerilim Kontrol Algoritmalarının Geliştirilmesi: Alçak Gerilim Seviyesinde Statik Voltaj Regülatörü Örneği

Öz

Son yıllarda dağıtık enerji üretiminin artması ile birlikte alçak gerilim (AG) tarafta, tüketici geriliminde yükselmeler meydana gelmektedir. Aynı zamanda ters güç akışı, şebeke dengesizliği gibi problemler ile birlikte gerilimdeki yükselme, enerji hatları üzerinde kayıplara yol açarak sistemi veriminin düşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu makalede, AG mikro şebekeler için gerilim problemlerinin çözümüne yönelik, mikro şebeke önüne statik voltaj regülatörü (SVR) bağlanmıştır ve SVR gerilim kontrol algoritması geliştirilmiştir. Gerilim kontrol algoritmasının mikro şebeke için önerilen Kural Tabanlı ve Optimizasyon Tabanlı Enerji Yönetimi Sistemleri (EYS) ile birlikte uygulanmasına yönelik benzetim çalışması yapılmıştır. IEEE 13 bara test sistemi ve önerilen algoritmalar Simulink/MATLAB ortamında oluşturulmuştur. Optimizasyon tabanlı EYS sonuçları, Python programlama dili kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Gerçek gerilim ve yük profili otomatik sayaç okuma sistemi (OSOS) verilerinden alınmıştır ve elde edilen sonuçlar SVR gerilim kontrol algoritmasının, mikro şebekelerinin gerilimini istenilen seviyeye indirilmesinde etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda Optimizasyon Tabanlı EYS ile mikro şebekelerin daha efektif bir şekilde yönetilebileceği benzetim çalışması sonuçları ile doğrulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Enerji yönetim sistemi (EYS)
• gerilim regülasyonu
• mikro şebeke
• optimizasyon

Kaynakça

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20. URL-1: https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/glpk