Use of Fungi as Microbial Fertilizer or Biopesticide in Agriculture

Öz

Fungi used as one of the biological factors constitute an important group in biological control studies. In this review, the role of entomopathogenic fungi used in biological control in ensuring the natural balance of pest populations and the interactions of mycorrhizal fungi with plant, soil and plant pathogens in biological control are mentioned. In addition, information was given about the action mechanisms of entomopathogenic fungi and mycorrhizal fungi in biological control and their contribution to plant growth. It is aimed to emphasize that entomopathogenic fungi and mycorrhizaes can be used successfully both in plant protection and in plant nutrition against chemicals in agriculture. In this regard, the work done in Turkey to be taken a little further point in giving weight to the carrier formulation and updating of the regulations on licensing according to scientific studies will be very useful.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fungi
• Entomopathogen
• Mycorrhiza
• Biopesticide
• Microbial fertilizer

Fungusların Mikrobiyal Gübre veya Biyopestisit Olarak Tarımda Kullanılması

Öz

Funguslar, biyolojik mücadele çalışmalarında kullanılan biyolojik etmenler içerisinde önemli bir grubu oluşturmaktadır. Bu derlemede; biyolojik mücadelede kullanılan entomopatojenik fungusların zararlı böcek popülasyonlarının doğal dengesinin sağlanmasında ve mikorizal fungusların, bitki, toprak ve bitki patojenleri ile arasındaki etkileşimlerinin biyolojik mücadeledeki önemlerinden bahsedilmiştir. Ayrıca entomopatojenik fungusların ve mikorizal fungusların biyolojik mücadeledeki etki mekanizmaları ve bitki gelişimine katkıları hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Entomopatojen fungusların ve mikorizaların tarımda kimyasallara karşı gerek bitki koruma gerekse de bitki beslemede başarılı bir şekilde kullanılabileceğinin özellikle vurgulanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu konuda Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmaların biraz daha ileriye götürülmesi noktasında taşıyıcı formülasyon çalışmalarına ağırlık verilmesi ve ruhsatlandırma ile ilgili yönetmeliklerin bilimsel çalışmalara göre güncellenmesi çok faydalı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fungus
• Entomopatojen
• Mikoriza
• Biyopestisit
• Mikrobiyal gübre

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