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MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 107 - 116, 01.12.2016

Öz

The South African government has to address high rates of unemployment and whether the
provision of micro-credit finance can reduce unemployment. The study analysed the
relationship between micro-credit finance and unemployment using quarterly data covering
the period from 1994-2014. The study utilized the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to
provide short run and long run dynamic effects of micro-credit finance on unemployment.
The results indicated that micro-credit finance has a negative relationship with
unemployment. Therefore, it is recommended that microcredit finance can be used as a tool
to reduce unemployment and boost economic growth.

Kaynakça

  • Nigeria”, Business and Management Review, Vol 2, No 1, pp. 27-51. Arvanits, Athanasios. (2002) “Foreign Direct Investment in South Africa”, (Selected Issues Paper, IMF Country Report No. 03/18) Washington: International Monetary Fund, pp. 75-83.
  • Blungmart, M. (2000) “The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test”, Journal of Econometrics, Vol , No 1, pp. 131-143.
  • Chowdhury, Alarm. (2009) “Micro-credit, micro-enterprises, and Self-employment of
  • Women: Experience from the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh”, Bangladesh: University of Dhaka. Dauda, Risikat. (2013) “Microfinance, Poverty and Employment Gender Gap: An Analysis from the Nigerian Perspective”, Nigeria: University of Lagos.
  • Duvendack, Maren, Palmer-Jones Richard, Copestake James, Hooper Lee, Loke Yoon and Rao Nitya. (2011) “What is the Evidence of the Impact of Microfinance on the Well-Being of
  • Poor People? London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London. Engle, Robert. (1984). Wald, Likelihood Ratio and Lagrange Multiplier tests in
  • Econometrics: in Handbook of Econometrics, North Holland, Volume II pp. 775-1461,
  • Edited by Elsevier Science Publishers BV. Engle, Robert and Granger, Clive. (1987) “Co-integration and Error Correction:
  • Representation, Estimation and Testing”, Econometrica, Vol 55, No 2, pp. 251–276. ESAF (2004), East and Southern African Banking Supervisors Group, http://www.esaf.org/esaf/esafv2.nsf/Print/C9337EFBDF269D1A42256E2A003DED42/?open document:micro [Accessed 21.08. 2015].
  • Frye, Isobel. (2006) “Poverty and Unemployment in South Africa”, National Labour and Economic Development Instutute.
  • Gujarati, Damoda. (2004) Basic Econometrics, New York, Springer.
  • Javed Asif, Luqmani Muhammad, Khan Ahmeed and Farah Abdirehman. (2006) “Impact of
  • Micro-Credit Scheme of NRSP on the Socio-Economic Conditions of Female Community in District Rawalakot, Pakistan”, Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, Vol 2, No 3, pp. 144. Kyei Kwabena and Gyekye Kwame. (2011) “Determinants of Unemployment in Limpopo
  • Province in South Africa: Exploratory Studies”, Journal of Emerging trends in Economics and Management sciences, Vol 2, No 1, pp. 54-61. Latif Abdul, Nazar Muhammad, Mehmood Tariq, Shaikh Muhammad and Shaikh Ali. (2011)
  • “Sustainability of Micro Credit System in Pakistan and its Impact on Poverty Alleviation”, Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol 4, No 4, pp. 160-165. Maddala, G. and Kim In-Moo. (1998) Unit Roots, Cointegration and Structural Change.
  • Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Mamun Abdullah, Wahab Abdul and Malarvizhi C. (2011) “Examining the Effect of Micro- credit on Employment in Peninsular Malaysia”, Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol 4, No 2 pp. 174-183.
  • McCulloch, Huston. (1985) “Miscellanea: On Heteroscedasticity”, Econometrica, Vol 53, No 2, pp. 483 Micro:World.org (2010), microworld/about-microcredit [Accessed: 20.04.2015] About Microcredit, http://www.microworld.org/en/about
  • Mondal, Wali. (2009) “Poverty Alleviation and Micro-credit”, International Business &
  • Economics, Vol 8, No 1, pp. 1-10. Ndife, Chinelo. (2013) “The Impact of Micro Credit Institutions on the Development of
  • Small and Medium Enterprises in Anambra State”, Business and Management, Vol 14, No 5, pp. 75-81. Nkosi, Bongani. http://www.southafrica.info/business/economy/jobs-010812.htm#.VdOz7sH8Jay [Accessed: 08. 2015]. (2015).
  • South Africa's Unemployment Rate Drops, Okon D., Etim N. and Offiong A. (2012) “Impact of Micro Credit Scheme on Rural Farmers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria”, Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, Vol 8, No 2.
  • Phillips, Peter and Perron, Pierre. (1988) “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series
  • Regression”, Biometrika, Vol 75, No 2, pp. 335–346 Roodman, David. (2013). A Milestone in the Great Debate Over a Microcredit Impact Study, http://www.financialaccess.org/blog/2013/10/milestone-great-debate-over-microcredit- impact-study, [Accessed: 29. 05. 2015].
  • Sims, Christopher. (1980) “Macroeconomics and Reality”, Econometrica. Vol 48, pp.1-48.
  • Stanila, Larisa, Andreica, Madalina and Cristescu, Amalia. (2013) “Econometric Analysis of the Employment Rate for the E.U. Countries. 2nd World conference on Business, Economics and Management, Vol 6, No 8, pp. 178-182.
  • Theobald, Stuart. (2012). The Risk of Unsecured lending in South Africa, http://www.leriba.com/insights/reports/unsecured-lending-in-south-africa/ [Accessed 28. 08.
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 107 - 116, 01.12.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Nigeria”, Business and Management Review, Vol 2, No 1, pp. 27-51. Arvanits, Athanasios. (2002) “Foreign Direct Investment in South Africa”, (Selected Issues Paper, IMF Country Report No. 03/18) Washington: International Monetary Fund, pp. 75-83.
  • Blungmart, M. (2000) “The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test”, Journal of Econometrics, Vol , No 1, pp. 131-143.
  • Chowdhury, Alarm. (2009) “Micro-credit, micro-enterprises, and Self-employment of
  • Women: Experience from the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh”, Bangladesh: University of Dhaka. Dauda, Risikat. (2013) “Microfinance, Poverty and Employment Gender Gap: An Analysis from the Nigerian Perspective”, Nigeria: University of Lagos.
  • Duvendack, Maren, Palmer-Jones Richard, Copestake James, Hooper Lee, Loke Yoon and Rao Nitya. (2011) “What is the Evidence of the Impact of Microfinance on the Well-Being of
  • Poor People? London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London. Engle, Robert. (1984). Wald, Likelihood Ratio and Lagrange Multiplier tests in
  • Econometrics: in Handbook of Econometrics, North Holland, Volume II pp. 775-1461,
  • Edited by Elsevier Science Publishers BV. Engle, Robert and Granger, Clive. (1987) “Co-integration and Error Correction:
  • Representation, Estimation and Testing”, Econometrica, Vol 55, No 2, pp. 251–276. ESAF (2004), East and Southern African Banking Supervisors Group, http://www.esaf.org/esaf/esafv2.nsf/Print/C9337EFBDF269D1A42256E2A003DED42/?open document:micro [Accessed 21.08. 2015].
  • Frye, Isobel. (2006) “Poverty and Unemployment in South Africa”, National Labour and Economic Development Instutute.
  • Gujarati, Damoda. (2004) Basic Econometrics, New York, Springer.
  • Javed Asif, Luqmani Muhammad, Khan Ahmeed and Farah Abdirehman. (2006) “Impact of
  • Micro-Credit Scheme of NRSP on the Socio-Economic Conditions of Female Community in District Rawalakot, Pakistan”, Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, Vol 2, No 3, pp. 144. Kyei Kwabena and Gyekye Kwame. (2011) “Determinants of Unemployment in Limpopo
  • Province in South Africa: Exploratory Studies”, Journal of Emerging trends in Economics and Management sciences, Vol 2, No 1, pp. 54-61. Latif Abdul, Nazar Muhammad, Mehmood Tariq, Shaikh Muhammad and Shaikh Ali. (2011)
  • “Sustainability of Micro Credit System in Pakistan and its Impact on Poverty Alleviation”, Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol 4, No 4, pp. 160-165. Maddala, G. and Kim In-Moo. (1998) Unit Roots, Cointegration and Structural Change.
  • Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Mamun Abdullah, Wahab Abdul and Malarvizhi C. (2011) “Examining the Effect of Micro- credit on Employment in Peninsular Malaysia”, Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol 4, No 2 pp. 174-183.
  • McCulloch, Huston. (1985) “Miscellanea: On Heteroscedasticity”, Econometrica, Vol 53, No 2, pp. 483 Micro:World.org (2010), microworld/about-microcredit [Accessed: 20.04.2015] About Microcredit, http://www.microworld.org/en/about
  • Mondal, Wali. (2009) “Poverty Alleviation and Micro-credit”, International Business &
  • Economics, Vol 8, No 1, pp. 1-10. Ndife, Chinelo. (2013) “The Impact of Micro Credit Institutions on the Development of
  • Small and Medium Enterprises in Anambra State”, Business and Management, Vol 14, No 5, pp. 75-81. Nkosi, Bongani. http://www.southafrica.info/business/economy/jobs-010812.htm#.VdOz7sH8Jay [Accessed: 08. 2015]. (2015).
  • South Africa's Unemployment Rate Drops, Okon D., Etim N. and Offiong A. (2012) “Impact of Micro Credit Scheme on Rural Farmers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria”, Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, Vol 8, No 2.
  • Phillips, Peter and Perron, Pierre. (1988) “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series
  • Regression”, Biometrika, Vol 75, No 2, pp. 335–346 Roodman, David. (2013). A Milestone in the Great Debate Over a Microcredit Impact Study, http://www.financialaccess.org/blog/2013/10/milestone-great-debate-over-microcredit- impact-study, [Accessed: 29. 05. 2015].
  • Sims, Christopher. (1980) “Macroeconomics and Reality”, Econometrica. Vol 48, pp.1-48.
  • Stanila, Larisa, Andreica, Madalina and Cristescu, Amalia. (2013) “Econometric Analysis of the Employment Rate for the E.U. Countries. 2nd World conference on Business, Economics and Management, Vol 6, No 8, pp. 178-182.
  • Theobald, Stuart. (2012). The Risk of Unsecured lending in South Africa, http://www.leriba.com/insights/reports/unsecured-lending-in-south-africa/ [Accessed 28. 08.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA72SZ45UJ
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

T. Ncanywa Bu kişi benim

S. Getye Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ncanywa, T., & Getye, S. (2016). MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies, 8(2), 107-116.
AMA Ncanywa T, Getye S. MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. IJEFS. Aralık 2016;8(2):107-116.
Chicago Ncanywa, T., ve S. Getye. “MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA”. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies 8, sy. 2 (Aralık 2016): 107-16.
EndNote Ncanywa T, Getye S (01 Aralık 2016) MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies 8 2 107–116.
IEEE T. Ncanywa ve S. Getye, “MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA”, IJEFS, c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 107–116, 2016.
ISNAD Ncanywa, T. - Getye, S. “MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA”. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies 8/2 (Aralık 2016), 107-116.
JAMA Ncanywa T, Getye S. MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. IJEFS. 2016;8:107–116.
MLA Ncanywa, T. ve S. Getye. “MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA”. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies, c. 8, sy. 2, 2016, ss. 107-16.
Vancouver Ncanywa T, Getye S. MICRO-CREDIT FINANCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. IJEFS. 2016;8(2):107-16.