Evrensel Enerji Erişiminin İlerlemesi: Veri Odaklı Çözümler ve Disiplinlerarası İşbirliğinin Kritik Önemi
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 32 - 38, 30.11.2025
Münür Sacit Herdem
,
Jatin Nathwani
Öz
Bu eleştirel inceleme makalesi, evrensel enerji erişiminin sağlanmasındaki zorluklara ve ortaya çıkan potansiyel çözümlerin vaatlerine genel bir bakış sunmaktadır. Enerji erişiminin yaygınlaştırılmasındaki engeller açıklanmakta, ardından potansiyel çözümlere yönelik yollar ele alınmaktadır. Öneriler arasında, veriler ve yapay zekâyı (AI) kullanarak enerji erişim çözümlerini geliştirmeyi hedefleyen yenilikçi bir kavram olan 'Enerjide Veri Platformu'nu tanıtan disiplinlerarası bir yaklaşıma öncelik verilmesi yer almaktadır.
Etik Beyan
Bu araştırma insan katılımcıları, hayvan deneylerini veya hassas kişisel verileri içermemektedir. Bu nedenle etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.
Kaynakça
-
[1] United Nations, “Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all,” https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal7.
-
[2] International Energy Agency, “Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report, 2024,” 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-sdg7-the-energy-progress-report-2024.
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[3] World Economic Forum, “How to end energy poverty and reach net-zero emissions,” Jul. 2021. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/07/how-to-end-energy-poverty-net-zero-emissions/.
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[4] A. Gill-Wiehl, D. M. Kammen, and B. K. Haya, “Pervasive over-crediting from cookstove offset methodologies,” Nat. Sustain., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 191–202, 2024.
-
[5] ESMAP, “Tracking SDG 7, The Energy Progress Report,” https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/.I. Sarbu and C. Sebarchievici, “A comprehensive review of thermal energy storage,” Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 191, 2018, doi: 10.3390/su10010191. (proquest.com)
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[6] World Economic Forum, “Ending global energy poverty—how can we do better?,” Nov. 2019. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/11/energy-poverty-africa-sdg7/.
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[7] Government of Canada, “Sustainable Development Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy,” https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/programs/agenda-2030/afforadable-clean-energy.html.
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[8] S. Duran, J. Hrenyk, F. G. Sahinyazan, and E. Salmon, “Re-righting renewable energy research with Indigenous communities in Canada,” J. Clean. Prod., 2024, Art. no. 141264.
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[9] Canada Energy Regulator, “Market snapshot: clean energy projects in remote indigenous and northern communities,” 2023. https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/data-analysis/energy-markets/market-snapshots/2023/market-snapshot-clean-energy-projects-remote-indigenous-northern-communities.html.
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[10] M. M. Elkadragy et al., “Off-grid and decentralized hybrid renewable electricity systems data analysis platform (OSDAP): A building block of a comprehensive techno-economic approach based on contrastive case studies in Sub-Saharan Africa and Canada,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 34, p. 101965, 2021.
-
[11] Y. Mulugetta, E. Ben Hagan, and D. Kammen, “Energy access for sustainable development,” Environ. Res. Lett., vol. 14, no. 2, p. 020201, 2019.
-
[12] V. Bandi, T. Sahrakorpi, J. Paatero, and R. Lahdelma, “The paradox of mini-grid business models: A conflict between business viability and customer affordability in rural India,” Energy Res. Soc. Sci., vol. 89, p. 102535, 2022.
-
[13] Y. Mulugetta et al., “Africa needs context-relevant evidence to shape its clean energy future,” Nat. Energy, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 1015–1022, 2022.
-
[14] T. S. Ustun et al., “Data standardization for smart infrastructure in first-access electricity systems,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 1790–1802, 2019.
-
[15] S. Miles et al., “Internet of Things could Shape Healthcare Facility Electrification: Evidence from the Democratic Republic of the Congo,” SSRN, 2024. [Online]. Available: SSRN 4983104.
-
[16] Y. Zhou, “Advances of machine learning in multi-energy district communities‒mechanisms, applications and perspectives,” Energy AI, vol. 10, p. 100187, 2022.
-
[17] J. Nathwani and D. M. Kammen, “Affordable energy for humanity: a global movement to support universal clean energy access,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 1780–1789, 2019.
-
[18] D. M. Kammen, V. Jacome, and N. Avila, “A clean energy vision for East Africa,” 2015.
-
[19] J. Corfee-Morlot et al., “Achieving clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa,” OECD, Paris, France, 2019.
-
[20] S. Mandelli et al., “Off-grid systems for rural electrification in developing countries: Definitions, classification and a comprehensive literature review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 58, pp. 1621–1646, 2016.
-
[21] A. Franco et al., “A review of sustainable energy access and technologies for healthcare facilities in the Global South,” Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess., vol. 22, pp. 92–105, 2017.
-
[22] P. Alstone, D. Gershenson, and D. M. Kammen, “Decentralized energy systems for clean electricity access,” Nat. Clim. Change, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 305–314, 2015.
-
[23] F. Egli et al., “The cost of electrifying all households in 40 Sub-Saharan African countries by 2030,” Nat. Commun., vol. 14, no. 1, p. 5066, 2023.
-
[24] D. Baldi et al., “Planning sustainable electricity solutions for refugee settlements in sub-Saharan Africa,” Nat. Energy, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 369–379, 2022.
-
[25] N. Fox, “Increasing solar entitlement and decreasing energy vulnerability in a low-income community by adopting the Prosuming Project,” Nat. Energy, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 74–83, 2023.
-
[26] M. M. M. Elkadragy, “A comprehensive techno-economic methodological approach for Off-grid and decentralized Hybrid Renewable Electricity Systems (OHRES): Based on contrastive case studies in Canada and Sub-Saharan Africa,” Ph.D. dissertation, Karlsruher Inst. Technol., 2021.
-
[27] A. Gill-Wiehl et al., “Techno-economic scenario analysis of containerized solar energy for use cases at the food/water/health nexus in Rwanda,” Dev. Eng., vol. 8, p. 100110, 2023.
-
[28] J. T. Lee and D. S. Callaway, “The cost of reliability in decentralized solar power systems in sub-Saharan Africa,” Nat. Energy, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 960–968, 2018.
-
[29] S. Szabó et al., “Mapping of affordability levels for photovoltaic-based electricity generation in the solar belt of sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia and South Asia,” Sci. Rep., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 3226, 2021.
-
[30] N. Kebir et al., “Second-life battery systems for affordable energy access in Kenyan primary schools,” Sci. Rep., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 1374, 2023.
-
[31] G. F. L’Her et al., “Potential for small and micro modular reactors to electrify developing regions,” Nat. Energy, pp. 1–10, 2024.
-
[32] A. Gill-Wiehl, I. Ferrall, and D. M. Kammen, “Equal goods, but inequitable capabilities? A gender-differentiated study of off-grid solar energy in rural Tanzania,” Energy Res. Soc. Sci., vol. 91, p. 102726, 2022.
-
[33] A. Gill-Wiehl and D. M. Kammen, “A pro-health cookstove strategy to advance energy, social and ecological justice,” Nat. Energy, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 999–1002, 2022.
-
[34] A. Gill-Wiehl, I. Ray, and D. Kammen, “Is clean cooking affordable? A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 151, p. 111537, 2021
-
[35] A. Gill-Wiehl, S. Sievers, and D. M. Kammen, “The value of community technology workers for LPG use: A pilot in Shirati, Tanzania,” Energy Sustain. Soc., vol. 12, pp. 1–16, 2022.
-
[36] A. Gill-Wiehl et al., “Evaluation of the preference for and viability of clean cookstove adoption in rural Tanzania,” Energy Sustain. Soc., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 42, 2023.
-
[37] T. Kemabonta and D. M. Kammen, “A community based approach to universal energy access,” Electr. J., vol. 34, no. 3, p. 106921, 2021.
-
[38] A. C. Groenewoudt and H. A. Romijn, “Limits of the corporate-led market approach to off-grid energy access: A review,” Environ. Innov. Soc. Transit., vol. 42, pp. 27–43, 202
-
[39] TramaTecnoAmbiental, “TramaTecnoAmbiental.” [Online]. Available: https://www.tta.com.es/en. [Accessed: Oct. 3, 2025].
-
[40] B. K. Sovacool, M. Bazilian, and M. Toman, “Paradigms and poverty in global energy policy: Research needs for achieving universal energy access,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 064014, 2016.
-
[41] V. C. Broto, L. Stevens, E. Ackom, J. Tomei, et al., “A research agenda for a people-centred approach to energy access in the urbanizing global south,” Nature Energy, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 776–779, 2017.
-
[42] M. J. Herington, E. Van de Fliert, S. Smart, C. Greig, et al., “Rural energy planning remains out-of-step with contemporary paradigms of energy access and development,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 67, pp. 1412–1419, 2017.
-
[43] B. L. Robinson, M. J. Clifford, and S. Jewitt, “TIME to change: Rethinking humanitarian energy access,” Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 86, p. 102453, 2022.
-
[44] B. L. Robinson, A. Halford, and E. Gaura, “From theory to practice: A review of co-design methods for humanitarian energy ecosystems,” Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 89, p. 102545, 2022.
-
[45] S. C. Bhattacharyya, “Energy access programmes and sustainable development: A critical review and analysis,” Energy for Sustainable Development, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 260–271, 2012.
-
[46] K. E. Jenkins, S. Spruit, C. Milchram, J. Höffken, and B. Taebi, “Synthesizing value sensitive design, responsible research and innovation, and energy justice: A conceptual review,” Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 69, p. 101727, 2020.
-
[47] S. B. Miles, J. Kersey, E. Cecchini, and D. M. Kammen, “Productive uses of electricity at the energy-health nexus: Financial, technical and social insights from a containerized power system in Rwanda,” Development Engineering, vol. 7, p. 100101, 2022.
-
[48] D. Fioriti, N. Stevanato, P. Ducange, F. Marcelloni, E. Colombo, and D. Poli, “Data platform guidelines and prototype for microgrids and energy access: Matching demand profiles and socio-economic data to foster project development,” IEEE Access, 2023.
-
[49] M. Sulzer, M. Wetter, R. Mutschler, and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, “Platform-based
Advancing Universal Energy Access: Data-Driven Solutions , and Critical Importance of Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 32 - 38, 30.11.2025
Münür Sacit Herdem
,
Jatin Nathwani
Öz
This critical review paper presents a general overview of the challenges to attain universal energy access and the promise of emerging potential solutions. The barriers to deployment of energy access are described followed by pathways to towards potential solutions. Recommendations include a primary focus on an interdisciplinary approach supported and introduce a novel concept: the "Data in Energy Platform," which leverages data and artificial intelligence (AI) to improve energy access solutions.
Etik Beyan
This research did not involve human participants, animal experiments, or sensitive personal data. Therefore, no ethical approval was required.
Kaynakça
-
[1] United Nations, “Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all,” https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal7.
-
[2] International Energy Agency, “Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report, 2024,” 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-sdg7-the-energy-progress-report-2024.
-
[3] World Economic Forum, “How to end energy poverty and reach net-zero emissions,” Jul. 2021. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/07/how-to-end-energy-poverty-net-zero-emissions/.
-
[4] A. Gill-Wiehl, D. M. Kammen, and B. K. Haya, “Pervasive over-crediting from cookstove offset methodologies,” Nat. Sustain., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 191–202, 2024.
-
[5] ESMAP, “Tracking SDG 7, The Energy Progress Report,” https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/.I. Sarbu and C. Sebarchievici, “A comprehensive review of thermal energy storage,” Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 191, 2018, doi: 10.3390/su10010191. (proquest.com)
-
[6] World Economic Forum, “Ending global energy poverty—how can we do better?,” Nov. 2019. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/11/energy-poverty-africa-sdg7/.
-
[7] Government of Canada, “Sustainable Development Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy,” https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/programs/agenda-2030/afforadable-clean-energy.html.
-
[8] S. Duran, J. Hrenyk, F. G. Sahinyazan, and E. Salmon, “Re-righting renewable energy research with Indigenous communities in Canada,” J. Clean. Prod., 2024, Art. no. 141264.
-
[9] Canada Energy Regulator, “Market snapshot: clean energy projects in remote indigenous and northern communities,” 2023. https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/data-analysis/energy-markets/market-snapshots/2023/market-snapshot-clean-energy-projects-remote-indigenous-northern-communities.html.
-
[10] M. M. Elkadragy et al., “Off-grid and decentralized hybrid renewable electricity systems data analysis platform (OSDAP): A building block of a comprehensive techno-economic approach based on contrastive case studies in Sub-Saharan Africa and Canada,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 34, p. 101965, 2021.
-
[11] Y. Mulugetta, E. Ben Hagan, and D. Kammen, “Energy access for sustainable development,” Environ. Res. Lett., vol. 14, no. 2, p. 020201, 2019.
-
[12] V. Bandi, T. Sahrakorpi, J. Paatero, and R. Lahdelma, “The paradox of mini-grid business models: A conflict between business viability and customer affordability in rural India,” Energy Res. Soc. Sci., vol. 89, p. 102535, 2022.
-
[13] Y. Mulugetta et al., “Africa needs context-relevant evidence to shape its clean energy future,” Nat. Energy, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 1015–1022, 2022.
-
[14] T. S. Ustun et al., “Data standardization for smart infrastructure in first-access electricity systems,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 1790–1802, 2019.
-
[15] S. Miles et al., “Internet of Things could Shape Healthcare Facility Electrification: Evidence from the Democratic Republic of the Congo,” SSRN, 2024. [Online]. Available: SSRN 4983104.
-
[16] Y. Zhou, “Advances of machine learning in multi-energy district communities‒mechanisms, applications and perspectives,” Energy AI, vol. 10, p. 100187, 2022.
-
[17] J. Nathwani and D. M. Kammen, “Affordable energy for humanity: a global movement to support universal clean energy access,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 1780–1789, 2019.
-
[18] D. M. Kammen, V. Jacome, and N. Avila, “A clean energy vision for East Africa,” 2015.
-
[19] J. Corfee-Morlot et al., “Achieving clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa,” OECD, Paris, France, 2019.
-
[20] S. Mandelli et al., “Off-grid systems for rural electrification in developing countries: Definitions, classification and a comprehensive literature review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 58, pp. 1621–1646, 2016.
-
[21] A. Franco et al., “A review of sustainable energy access and technologies for healthcare facilities in the Global South,” Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess., vol. 22, pp. 92–105, 2017.
-
[22] P. Alstone, D. Gershenson, and D. M. Kammen, “Decentralized energy systems for clean electricity access,” Nat. Clim. Change, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 305–314, 2015.
-
[23] F. Egli et al., “The cost of electrifying all households in 40 Sub-Saharan African countries by 2030,” Nat. Commun., vol. 14, no. 1, p. 5066, 2023.
-
[24] D. Baldi et al., “Planning sustainable electricity solutions for refugee settlements in sub-Saharan Africa,” Nat. Energy, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 369–379, 2022.
-
[25] N. Fox, “Increasing solar entitlement and decreasing energy vulnerability in a low-income community by adopting the Prosuming Project,” Nat. Energy, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 74–83, 2023.
-
[26] M. M. M. Elkadragy, “A comprehensive techno-economic methodological approach for Off-grid and decentralized Hybrid Renewable Electricity Systems (OHRES): Based on contrastive case studies in Canada and Sub-Saharan Africa,” Ph.D. dissertation, Karlsruher Inst. Technol., 2021.
-
[27] A. Gill-Wiehl et al., “Techno-economic scenario analysis of containerized solar energy for use cases at the food/water/health nexus in Rwanda,” Dev. Eng., vol. 8, p. 100110, 2023.
-
[28] J. T. Lee and D. S. Callaway, “The cost of reliability in decentralized solar power systems in sub-Saharan Africa,” Nat. Energy, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 960–968, 2018.
-
[29] S. Szabó et al., “Mapping of affordability levels for photovoltaic-based electricity generation in the solar belt of sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia and South Asia,” Sci. Rep., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 3226, 2021.
-
[30] N. Kebir et al., “Second-life battery systems for affordable energy access in Kenyan primary schools,” Sci. Rep., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 1374, 2023.
-
[31] G. F. L’Her et al., “Potential for small and micro modular reactors to electrify developing regions,” Nat. Energy, pp. 1–10, 2024.
-
[32] A. Gill-Wiehl, I. Ferrall, and D. M. Kammen, “Equal goods, but inequitable capabilities? A gender-differentiated study of off-grid solar energy in rural Tanzania,” Energy Res. Soc. Sci., vol. 91, p. 102726, 2022.
-
[33] A. Gill-Wiehl and D. M. Kammen, “A pro-health cookstove strategy to advance energy, social and ecological justice,” Nat. Energy, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 999–1002, 2022.
-
[34] A. Gill-Wiehl, I. Ray, and D. Kammen, “Is clean cooking affordable? A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 151, p. 111537, 2021
-
[35] A. Gill-Wiehl, S. Sievers, and D. M. Kammen, “The value of community technology workers for LPG use: A pilot in Shirati, Tanzania,” Energy Sustain. Soc., vol. 12, pp. 1–16, 2022.
-
[36] A. Gill-Wiehl et al., “Evaluation of the preference for and viability of clean cookstove adoption in rural Tanzania,” Energy Sustain. Soc., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 42, 2023.
-
[37] T. Kemabonta and D. M. Kammen, “A community based approach to universal energy access,” Electr. J., vol. 34, no. 3, p. 106921, 2021.
-
[38] A. C. Groenewoudt and H. A. Romijn, “Limits of the corporate-led market approach to off-grid energy access: A review,” Environ. Innov. Soc. Transit., vol. 42, pp. 27–43, 202
-
[39] TramaTecnoAmbiental, “TramaTecnoAmbiental.” [Online]. Available: https://www.tta.com.es/en. [Accessed: Oct. 3, 2025].
-
[40] B. K. Sovacool, M. Bazilian, and M. Toman, “Paradigms and poverty in global energy policy: Research needs for achieving universal energy access,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 064014, 2016.
-
[41] V. C. Broto, L. Stevens, E. Ackom, J. Tomei, et al., “A research agenda for a people-centred approach to energy access in the urbanizing global south,” Nature Energy, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 776–779, 2017.
-
[42] M. J. Herington, E. Van de Fliert, S. Smart, C. Greig, et al., “Rural energy planning remains out-of-step with contemporary paradigms of energy access and development,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 67, pp. 1412–1419, 2017.
-
[43] B. L. Robinson, M. J. Clifford, and S. Jewitt, “TIME to change: Rethinking humanitarian energy access,” Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 86, p. 102453, 2022.
-
[44] B. L. Robinson, A. Halford, and E. Gaura, “From theory to practice: A review of co-design methods for humanitarian energy ecosystems,” Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 89, p. 102545, 2022.
-
[45] S. C. Bhattacharyya, “Energy access programmes and sustainable development: A critical review and analysis,” Energy for Sustainable Development, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 260–271, 2012.
-
[46] K. E. Jenkins, S. Spruit, C. Milchram, J. Höffken, and B. Taebi, “Synthesizing value sensitive design, responsible research and innovation, and energy justice: A conceptual review,” Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 69, p. 101727, 2020.
-
[47] S. B. Miles, J. Kersey, E. Cecchini, and D. M. Kammen, “Productive uses of electricity at the energy-health nexus: Financial, technical and social insights from a containerized power system in Rwanda,” Development Engineering, vol. 7, p. 100101, 2022.
-
[48] D. Fioriti, N. Stevanato, P. Ducange, F. Marcelloni, E. Colombo, and D. Poli, “Data platform guidelines and prototype for microgrids and energy access: Matching demand profiles and socio-economic data to foster project development,” IEEE Access, 2023.
-
[49] M. Sulzer, M. Wetter, R. Mutschler, and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, “Platform-based