Public Policies, State Support, and Recommendations for Türkiye in the Global Hydrogen Economy

Öz

Low-emission hydrogen is a critical technology for achieving 2050 net-zero targets, particularly in hard-to-decarbonize sectors like industry and freight transportation. As the sector transitions from theoretical strategies to concrete investments, high production costs and infrastructure gaps remain significant hurdles, keeping low-emission hydrogen at less than 1% of global production. Consequently, robust public policies and financial support mechanisms are vital to achieve commercial scalability. This study provides a comparative, interdisciplinary analysis of the public policies, regulatory frameworks, and financial instruments driving the hydrogen ecosystem in key developed and developing economies, including the United States, the European Union, China, Japan, and Türkiye. The findings indicate that project viability depends heavily on regulatory clarity, international certification alignment, and localized "hub and cluster" logistics models. Finally, the paper outlines strategic directives for Türkiye to leverage its high renewable energy potential and emerge as a global hydrogen hub. Ultimately, this analysis offers valuable, actionable insights for both policymakers and private sector investors navigating the evolving low-carbon industrial order.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hydrogen
• Renewable Energy
• Energy Policies

Küresel Hidrojen Ekonomisinde Kamu Politikaları, Devlet Destekleri ve Türkiye için Öneriler

Öz

Düşük emisyonlu hidrojen, özellikle sanayi ve yük taşımacılığı gibi karbondan arındırılması zor sektörlerde, 2050 net sıfır hedeflerine ulaşmak için kritik bir teknolojidir. Sektör teorik stratejilerden somut yatırımlara geçerken, yüksek üretim maliyetleri ve altyapı eksiklikleri önemli engeller olmaya devam etmekte ve düşük emisyonlu hidrojenin küresel üretimin %1'inden azını oluşturmasına sebep olmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, ticari ölçeklenebilirliğe ulaşmak için güçlü kamu politikaları ve finansal destek mekanizmaları hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Avrupa Birliği, Çin, Japonya ve Türkiye de dahil olmak üzere önemli gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde hidrojen ekosistemini yönlendiren kamu politikaları, düzenleyici çerçeveler ve finansal araçların karşılaştırmalı bir analizini sunmaktadır. Bulgular, proje uygulanabilirliğinin büyük ölçüde düzenleyici açıklığa, uluslararası sertifikasyon uyumuna ve yerelleştirilmiş "merkez ve küme" lojistik modellerine bağlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Son olarak, çalışma Türkiye'nin yüksek yenilenebilir enerji potansiyelinden yararlanması ve küresel bir hidrojen merkezi olarak ortaya çıkması için stratejik öneriler sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, gelişen düşük karbonlu endüstriyel düzende yol alan hem politika yapıcılar hem de özel sektör yatırımcıları için değerli ve uygulanabilir bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hidrojen
• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• Enerji Politikaları

Kaynakça

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