Optimization of ethyl ester production from linseed oil using the Taguchi method with an L16 orthogonal design matrix

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1043 - 1071, 18.03.2025

Zeki Yılbaşı

https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1589838

Öz

Renewable energy and its many forms, have been the focus of major interests because of their energy potential and environmental benefits, are now emerging as subjects that need more investigation, particularly in relation to biodiesel fuel. This is due to the uncertainty surrounding oil prices and emission regulations. The study included NaOH concentration (0.6, 0.8, 1, and 1.2 wt.%), ethanol:oil molar ratio (6:1, 8:1, 10:1, and 12:1), temperature of reaction (30, 45, 60, and 75 °C), and duration of reaction (30, 45, 60, and 75 min) as significant parameters influencing the yield of ethyl ester. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the L16 orthogonal design matrix of the Taguchi method approach was applied in the present research to optimize the transesterification step parameters from linseed oil. ANOVA validation studies determined the relative influence of the process parameters. A maximum biodiesel yield of 95.20% was obtained under optimum reaction conditions: 1 wt% NaOH, 10:1 ethanol:oil molar ratio, 75°C reaction temperature and 60 min reaction time. The highest contribution ranking of the four variables was 48.95% with the ethanol:oil molar ratio, 22.32% with NaOH loading, 18.24% with the temperature of the reaction, and 9.59% with the duration of the reaction. The fuel properties of synthesized linseed oil ethyl ester, at the specified ideal reaction conditions, were met the range of the standard EN14214.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Linseed, Transesterification, L16 orthogonal design, Taguchi method, Ethyl ester, Fuel characteristics

Keten tohumu yağından etil ester üretiminin L16 ortogonal tasarım matrisi ile Taguchi yöntemi kullanılarak optimizasyonu

Öz

Enerji potansiyeli ve çevresel faydaları nedeniyle büyük ilgi odağı olan yenilenebilir enerji ve birçok biçimi, özellikle biyodizel yakıtla ilgili olarak daha fazla araştırılması gereken konular olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bunun nedeni, petrol fiyatları ve emisyon düzenlemelerini çevreleyen belirsizliktir. Çalışmada NaOH konsantrasyonu (ağırlıkça %0,6, 0,8, 1 ve 1,2), etanol:yağ molar oranı (6:1-12:1, ikişer ikişer arttırılarak), reaksiyon sıcaklığı (30, 45, 60 ve 75 °C) ve reaksiyon süresi (30, 45, 60 ve 75 dakika) etil ester verimini etkileyen önemli parametreler olarak ele alınmıştır. Bilindiği kadarıyla ilk kez, Taguchi yöntemi yaklaşımının L16 ortogonal tasarım matrisi, keten tohumu yağından transesterifikasyon aşaması parametrelerini optimize etmek için bu araştırmada uygulanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, süreçte kullanılan parametrelerin etkisini tahmin etmek için ANOVA'dan elde edilen eşleştirme, doğrulama çalışmaları yoluyla belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, reaksiyon için ideal koşullar kullanıldığında üretilen en yüksek biyodizel miktarı %95,20 olmuştur: Ağırlıkça %1 NaOH, 10:1 etanol:yağ molar oranı, 75°C reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve 60 dakika reaksiyon süresi. Dört değişken arasında en yüksek katkı sıralaması etanol:yağ molar oranı ile %48,95, NaOH yüklemesi ile %22,32, reaksiyon sıcaklığı ile %18,24 ve reaksiyon süresi ile %9,59 olmuştur. Sentezlenen keten tohumu yağı etil esterinin yakıt özelliklerinin, belirtilen ideal reaksiyon koşullarında, EN14214 standardı aralığında olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Keten tohumu, Transesterifikasyon, L16 ortogonal tasarım, Taguchi yöntemi, Etil ester, Yakıt özellikleri

Kaynakça

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