Design of a hybrid renewable energy system and green hydrogen production for smart cities: A carbon emission reduction approach

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1125 - 1158, 18.03.2025

Furkan Dinçer , Emre Özer

https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1613647

Öz

The rapid growth of population and industrial development worldwide has significantly increased energy demand. With the limitations and environmental impacts of conventional energy resources, renewable energy sources are essential for sustainable development. This study presents a renewable hybrid energy system designed to meet a city's electricity needs while generating green hydrogen for hydrogen-powered vehicles, a rising trend in transportation. The goal is to create a self-sufficient and environmentally friendly smart city. The proposed system integrates photovoltaic panels, wind turbines and a biomass generator, supported by lithium-ion batteries for energy storage and green hydrogen generation. Optimized through numerical analysis of experimental load data, the system is designed to handle an average annual electrical load of 14,946,686.40 kWh and produce 58.5 kg of hydrogen daily. A total of 14,550 simulations were conducted, yielding a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of $0.3959/kWh. The system is projected to reduce 9,398 tons of CO2 emissions annually. Additionally, the use of 150 hydrogen-powered vehicles in the smart city is estimated to prevent further emissions of 325,215 tons/year, 295,650 tons/year, and 204,491 tons/year under different scenarios. This research highlights the transformative potential of hybrid renewable energy systems and hydrogen-powered vehicles for urban sustainability. By substantially reducing carbon emissions, it supports the development of greener, smarter cities and opens avenues for future innovations in renewable energy integration and sustainable urban planning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Green hydrogen, Hybrid renewable energy, Energy storage, Smart green city

Teşekkür

The authors would like to express their gratitude to the editors and anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions that helped improve the paper.

Akıllı Şehirler için Karbon Emisyonlarını Azaltmaya Yönelik Hibrit Yenilenebilir Enerji Sistemi ve Yeşil Hidrojen Üretimi Tasarımı

Öz

Dünya genelinde hızla artan nüfus ve sanayi gelişimi, enerji talebini önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Konvansiyonel enerji kaynaklarının sınırlamaları ve çevresel etkileri göz önüne alındığında, yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları sürdürülebilir kalkınma için hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, bir şehrin elektrik ihtiyacını karşılamanın yanı sıra, ulaşımda yükselen bir trend olan hidrojenle çalışan araçlar için yeşil hidrojen üreten bir yenilenebilir hibrit enerji sistemi sunmaktadır. Amaç, kendi kendine yeten ve çevre dostu bir akıllı şehir oluşturmaktır. Önerilen sistem, fotovoltaik paneller, rüzgar türbinleri ve bir biyokütle jeneratörünü entegre ederken, enerji depolama ve yeşil hidrojen üretimi için lityum-iyon pillerle desteklenmektedir. Deneysel yük verilerinin sayısal analiziyle optimize edilen sistem, yıllık ortalama 14.946.686,40 kWh elektrik yükünü karşılamak ve günlük 58,5 kg hidrojen üretmek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Toplamda 14.550 simülasyon gerçekleştirilmiş ve elektrik seviyelendirilmiş maliyeti (LCOE) 0,3959 $/kWh olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sistem, yıllık 9.398 ton CO2 emisyonunu azaltmayı öngörmektedir. Ayrıca, akıllı şehirde kullanılacak 150 hidrojenle çalışan aracın, farklı senaryolarda sırasıyla 325.215 ton/yıl, 295.650 ton/yıl ve 204.491 ton/yıl ek emisyonu önlemesi beklenmektedir. Bu araştırma, hibrit yenilenebilir enerji sistemlerinin ve hidrojenle çalışan araçların kentsel sürdürülebilirlik için dönüştürücü potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Karbon emisyonlarını önemli ölçüde azaltarak daha yeşil ve akıllı şehirlerin gelişimini desteklemekte ve yenilenebilir enerji entegrasyonu ile sürdürülebilir kentsel planlama konularında gelecekteki yeniliklere kapı aralamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeşil hidrojen, hibrit yenilenebilir enerji, enerji depolama, akıllı yeşil şehir

Teşekkür

Yazarlar, makalenin iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlayan değerli önerileri için editörlere ve anonim hakemlere teşekkürlerini sunarlar.

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