Novel Hybrid MPPT based on modified incremental conductance-grey wolf optimization for grid connected PV systems

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1203 - 1225, 18.03.2025

Ahmad Mohammad Nezam , Yunus Yalman

https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1643588

Öz

In recent years, the utilization of renewable energy sources has expanded significantly to mitigate the adverse effects associated with conventional energy sources, particularly carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Due to the intermittent nature of the Photovoltaic (PV) system, the output power of the PV system fluctuates which affects the output power and power quality of the power system. Maximum power point tracking techniques (MPPT) are utilized to overcome efficiency and power quality problems. In this paper, a hybrid MPPT algorithm is proposed to improve efficiency and power quality for grid-connected PV systems. The proposed MPPT combines modified incremental conductance and grey wolf Optimization. Incremental Conductance (INC), Modified Incremental Conductance (M_INC), Perturb & Observe (P&O), Modified Perturb & Observe (M_P&O), and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) MPPT methods are implemented in MATLAB and compared with the proposed algorithm. The simulation results ensure the outperform of the proposed algorithm to the other algorithms by possessing the lowest THD of 2.31% and it reaches the efficiency of 99.71% with less oscillation at the output.

Anahtar Kelimeler

THD, Grid connected PV system, Hybrid modified incremental conductance-grey wolf optimization, MPPT, Power efficiency

Şebekeye bağlı PV sistemleri için artımlı iletkenlik-Grey Wolf optimizasyonuna dayalı yeni Hibrit MPPT

Öz

Son yıllarda, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı, başta karbondioksit (CO₂) emisyonları olmak üzere geleneksel enerji kaynaklarıyla ilişkili olumsuz etkileri azaltmak için önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Fotovoltaik (PV) sistemin kesintili doğası nedeniyle, PV sisteminin çıkış gücü dalgalanmaktadır ve bu dalgalanma güç sisteminin çıkış gücünü ve güç kalitesini etkilemektedir. Verimlilik ve güç kalitesi sorunlarının ortadan kaldırmak için maksimum güç noktası izleme teknikleri (MPPT) kullanılmaktadır. Bu makalede, şebekeye bağlı PV sistemlerin verimliliğini ve güç kalitesini artırmak için yeni bir hibrit MPPT algoritması önerilmektedir. Önerilen MPPT, modified Incremental Conductance ve Grey Wolf optimizasyonunu kullanmaktadır. Incremental Conductance (INC), Modified Incremental Conductance (M_INC), Perturb & Observe (P&O), Modified Perturb & Observe (M_P&O) ve Grey Wolf Optimizasyonu (GWO) MPPT yöntemleri MATLAB'da simüle edilmiştir ve önerilen algoritma ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Simülasyon sonuçları, önerilen algoritmanın %2,31'lik en düşük THD değerine sahip olarak diğer algoritmalardan daha iyi performans gösterdiğini ve çıkışta daha az salınımla %99,71'lik verime ulaştığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

THD, Şebekeye bağlı PV sistemi, Hibrit modifiye artımlı iletkenlik-gri kurt optimizasyonu, MPPT, Güç verimliliği

Kaynakça

• [1] Abed AM, Nazari MA, Ahmadi MH, Mukhtar A, Kumar R, Gharib N. Power generation by utilization of different renewable energy sources in five Middle Eastern countries: Present status, opportunities and challenges. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2025; 73:104101.
• [2] Mittelstädt N, Manske D, Thrän D. The development of ground-mounted photovoltaic systems next to transport routes. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2025; 208:114978.
• [3] Badea AM, Manaila-Maximean D, Fara L, Craciunescu D. Maximizing solar photovoltaic energy efficiency: MPPT techniques investigation based on shading effects. Solar Energy 2025; 285:113082.
• [4] Bamisile O, Acen C, Cai D, Huang Q, Staffell I. The environmental factors affecting solar photovoltaic output. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2025; 208:115073.
• [5] Jing Y, Zhu L, Yin B, Li F. Evaluating the PV system expansion potential of existing integrated energy parks: A case study in North China. Applied Energy 2023; 330:120310.
• [6] Gruner VF, Zanotti JW, Santos WM, Pereira TA, Schmitz L, Martins DC, Coelho RF. Modified current sensorless incremental conductance algorithm for photovoltaic systems. Energies 2023; 16(2):790.
• [7] Zaghba L, Borni A, Benbitour MK, Fezzani A, Alwabli A, Bajaj M, Dost Mohammadi SA, Ghoneim SS. Enhancing grid-connected photovoltaic system performance with novel hybrid MPPT technique in variable atmospheric conditions. Scientific Reports 2024; 14(1):8205.
• [8] Mishra VL, Chauhan YK, Verma KS. A new hybrid swarm intelligence-based maximum power point tracking technique for solar photovoltaic systems under varying irradiations. Expert Systems with Applications 2025; 264:125786.
• [9] Yaqoob SJ, Kamel S, Jurado F, Motahhir S, Chalh A, Arnoos H. Efficient and cost-effective maximum power point tracking technique for solar photovoltaic systems with Li-ion battery charging. Integration 2025; 100:102298.
• [10] Addawe A, Mahmood MK, Karim SM, Nezam AM. Analysis of Perturb and Observe MPPT Under Varying PV Operating Climatic Conditions. In2024 21st International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD) 2024; 92-97. IEEE.
• [11] Fapi CB, Touré ML, Camara MB, Dakyo B. MPPT based Fractional Short-Circuit Current-Model Predictive Control for PV System in Real Weather Conditions for Heat-Pump Applications. In2024 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV) 2024; 1-6. IEEE.
• [12] Çakmak F, Aydoğmuş Z, Tür MR. Analysis of open circuit voltage MPPT method with analytical analysis with perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT method in PV systems. Electric Power Components and Systems 2024; 52(9):1528-42.
• [13] Regaya CB, Hamdi H, Farhani F, Marai A, Zaafouri A, Chaari A. Real-time implementation of a novel MPPT control based on the improved PSO algorithm using an adaptive factor selection strategy for photovoltaic systems. ISA transactions 2024; 146:496-510.
• [14] Xia K, Li Y, Zhu B. Improved photovoltaic MPPT algorithm based on ant colony optimization and fuzzy logic under conditions of partial shading. IEEE Access 2024; 12:44817–44825.
• [15] Abouzeid AF, Eleraky H, Kalas A, Rizk R, Elsakka MM, Refaat A. Experimental validation of a low-cost maximum power point tracking technique based on artificial neural network for photovoltaic systems. Scientific Reports 2024; 14(1):18280.
• [16] Qi P, Xia H, Cai X, Yu M, Jiang N, Dai Y. Novel global MPPT technique based on hybrid cuckoo search and artificial bee colony under partial-shading conditions. Electronics 2024; 13(7):1337.
• [17] Mariprasath T, Basha CH, Khan B, Ali A. A novel on high voltage gain boost converter with cuckoo search optimization based MPPTController for solar PV system. Scientific reports 2024; 14(1):8545.
• [18] Nunes H, Teixeira F, Pombo J, Mariano S, do Rosário Calado M. A Novel Hybrid MPPT Method Based on Particle Swarm Optimization and P&O Assisted by Spline Interpolation Technique. In2024 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2024 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC/I&CPS Europe) 2024; 1-7. IEEE.
• [19] Sarwar S, Javed MY, Jaffery MH, Arshad J, Ur Rehman A, Shafiq M, Choi JG. A novel hybrid MPPT technique to maximize power harvesting from PV system under partial and complex partial shading. Applied Sciences 2022; 12(2):587.
• [20] Masry MZ, Mohammed A, Amer F, Mubarak R. New hybrid MPPT technique including artificial intelligence and traditional techniques for extracting the global maximum power from partially shaded PV systems. Sustainability 2023; 15(14):10884.
• [21] Abbas HH, Shafiee Q, Bevrani H. Optimal passive LCL filter design for grid-connected converters in weak grids. Electric Power Systems Research 2024; 235:110896.
• [22] Adak S. Harmonics mitigation of stand-alone photovoltaic system using LC passive filter. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology 2021; 16(5):2389-96.
• [23] Cengiz M, Duman T. Design and analysis of L and LCL filters for grid-connected HNPC inverters used in renewable energy systems. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2024; 12(1):53-61.
• [24] Amrani Z, Beladel A, Kouzou A, Rodriguez J, Abdelrahem M. Four-Wire Three-Level NPC Shunt Active Power Filter Using Model Predictive Control Based on the Grid-Tied PV System for Power Quality Enhancement. Energies 2024; 17(15):3822.
• [25] Gony HA, Rashed GI, Badjan A, Bahageel OA, Hualiang H, Shaheen HI. Bat Algorithm-Based Shunt Active Power Filter for Harmonics Control in PV Grid-Connected Systems Under Nonlinear Load. In2024 9th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE) 2024; 635-639. IEEE.
• [26] Hadi HA, Kassem A, Amoud H, Nadweh S. Improve power quality and stability of grid-Connected PV system by using series filter. Heliyon 2024; 10(21).
• [27] Soumana RA, Saulo MJ, Muriithi CM. Comparison of MPPT techniques on THD current in a grid-connected photovoltaic system. In2022 4th Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM) 2022; 95-100. IEEE.
• [28] Gowtham M, Kaviyarasu N, Dhayanithi R, Praveen C, Hariprabhu M. Maximum Power Tracking and Harmonic Reduction using Optimized P & O MPPT Algorithm. In2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS) 2022; 1674-1679. IEEE.
• [29] Kiruthiga B, Karthick R, Manju I, Kondreddi K. Optimizing harmonic mitigation for smooth integration of renewable energy: A novel approach using atomic orbital search and feedback artificial tree control. Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024; 9(4):160-76.
• [30] Siddeshgowda S, Sidram MH. Mitigation of Voltage and Current Harmonics Using Modified IC Based MPPT Controller and LCL Filter in a GCSPV System. In2022 International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT) 2022; 674-682. IEEE.
• [31] Rao TE, Naidu B, Rao JA, Zelie GT, Avinash K, Srisuresh M. Soft Computing Based Hybrid MPPT for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System. In2024 International Conference on Electronics, Computing, Communication and Control Technology (ICECCC) 2024; 1-6. IEEE.
• [32] Kurian GM, Jeyanthy PA, Devaraj D. FPGA implementation of FLC-MPPT for harmonics reduction in sustainable photovoltaic system. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2022; 52:102192.
• [33] Ibrahim NF, Mahmoud MM, Al Thaiban AM, Barnawi AB, Elbarbary ZM, Omar AI, Abdelfattah H. Operation of grid-connected PV system with ANN-based MPPT and an optimized LCL filter using GRG algorithm for enhanced power quality. IEEE Access 2023; 11:106859-76.
• [34] Kumar R. Fuzzy particle swarm optimization control algorithm implementation in photovoltaic integrated shunt active power filter for power quality improvement using hardware-in-the-loop. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2022; 50:101820.
• [35] Navarro MA, Oliva D, Ramos-Michel A, Haro EH. An analysis on the performance of metaheuristic algorithms for the estimation of parameters in solar cell models. Energy Conversion and Management 2023; 276:116523.
• [36] Mariprasath T, Basha CH, Khan B, Ali A. A novel on high voltage gain boost converter with cuckoo search optimization based MPPTController for solar PV system. Scientific reports 2024; 14(1):8545.
• [37] Poojavarshini S, Kavitha R, Premalatha K, Maithili P. Design and Simulation of DC to DC Boost and SEPIC Converters using MPPT for Photovoltaic system using MATLAB/SIMULINK. In2021 International Conference on Advancements in Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computing and Automation (ICAECA) 2021; 1-5. IEEE.
• [38] Satpathy PR, Bhowmik P, Babu TS, Sain C, Sharma R, Alhelou HH. Performance and reliability improvement of partially shaded PV arrays by one-time electrical reconfiguration. IEEE Access 2022; 10:46911-35.
• [39] NEZAM AM, MAHMOOD MK, KARIM SM, Addawe A. Evaluation of Incremental Conductance MPPT Algorithm Under Varying Conditions. In2024 21st International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD) 2024; 98-103. IEEE.
• [40] Alhusseini H, Niroomand M, Dehkordi BM. A fuzzy–based adaptive p&o mppt algorithm for pv systems with fast tracking and low oscillations under rapidly irradiance change conditions. IEEE Access 2024; 12:84374–84386.
• [41] Liu Y, As’ arry A, Hassan MK, Hairuddin AA, Mohamad H. Review of the grey wolf optimization algorithm: variants and applications. Neural Computing and Applications 2024; 36(6):2713-35.
• [42] Güler N, Irmak E. MPPT based model predictive control of grid connected inverter for PV systems. In2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) 2019; 982-986. IEEE.
• [43] Sabri SE, Sujod MZ, Alias WN, Jadin MS. Limiting THD of grid connected photovoltaic system using PWM switching frequency selection based on solar irradiance changing. In2019 IEEE international conference on automatic control and intelligent systems (I2CACIS) 2019; 96-101. IEEE.