The Effect of Palm Kernel Shells Particles Reinforcement on Tensile and Compressive Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composite

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 65 - 69, 30.09.2024

Barnabas Terhide Iorsue

Öz

In the quest to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for tailor-made, efficient, and cost-effective materials, there has been continuous research and development to design materials with optimum performance at different conditions, and such properties to cope with the different working conditions cannot be obtained from a single material, hence the need for composites, which combine two or more materials with each retaining its individual properties. Aluminum has found applications in multiple sectors due to its lightweight, corrosion resistance, and cheapness, among other properties; however, it exhibits low mechanical properties such as tensile strength, ductility, impact strength and so on. Aluminum from waste sources is recycled in this study by stir casting with varying percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of 75um Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) particle size as reinforcements. The tensile and compressive strengths were measured. The results show that the reinforcement increased aluminum's compressive and tensile strengths, with the peak values for both tensile and compressive properties observed at 5% PKS.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metal Matrix Composite, Palm Kernel Shells, Aluminum Matrix Composite, Compressive Strength, Tensile Strength

Kaynakça

• [1] A. K. Sharma, R. Bhandari, A. Aherwar, and R. Rimašauskienė, “Matrix materials used in composites: A comprehensive study,” in Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020, pp. 1559–1562.
• [2] A. Mussatto, I. U. Ahad, R. T. Mousavian, Y. Delaure, and D. Brabazon, “Advanced production routes for metal matrix composites,” Eng. Rep., vol. 3, no. 5, 2021.
• [3] N. Silvestre, “State-of-the-art review on carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composites,” Int. J. Compos. Mater., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 28–44, 2013.
• [4] I. O. Oladele and A. M. Okoro, “The effect of palm kernel shell ash on the mechanical properties of as-cast Aluminum alloy matrix composites,” Leonardo J. Sci., pp. 15–30, 2016.
• [5] Y. Tilahun, and G. Mesfin, “A Review on Role of Aluminum Matrix Materials, Failure Causes and Optimization Techniques,” IIRJET, vol. 6, no. 3, 2021.
• [6] Ch. Saikrupa , G. C. M. Reddy and and S. Venkatesh, “Aluminum metal matrix composites and effect of reinforcements – A Review,” presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing, 2021. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1057/1/012098.
• [7] V. Bharathi, M. Ramachandra, and S. Srinivas, “Influence of Fly Ash content in Aluminum matrix composite produced by stir-squeeze casting on the scratching abrasion resistance, hardness and density levels,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 7397–7405, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.07.070.
• [8] I. E. Dongo, M. I. Momoh, I. E. Dongo, and M. I. Momoh, Conversion of Environmental Waste to Engineering Wealth: Eggshell Particulates as a Reinforcement Agent in Al-6063. Intech Open, 2023. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.111618.
• [9] “An Overview of Palm Oil Production Processing in Nigeria: A Case Study of Ilashe, Nigeria - IOPscience.” Accessed: Dec. 06, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1107/1/012134/meta.
• [10] E. Baffour-Awuah, S. A. Akinlabi, T. C. Jen, S. Hassan, I. P. Okokpujie, and F. Ishola, “Characteristics of palm kernel shell and palm kernel shell-polymer composites: a review,” presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, in 1, vol. 1107. IOP Publishing, Apr. 2021, p. 012090.
• [11] O. M. Ikumapayi, and E. T. Akinlabi, “Composition, characteristics and socioeconomic benefits of palm kernel shell exploitation-an overview,” J Env. Sci Technol, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1–13, 2018.
• [12] F. O. Edoziuno, A. A. Adediran, B. U. Odoni, O. G. Utu, and A. Olayanju, “Physico-chemical and morphological evaluation of palm kernel shell particulate reinforced Aluminum matrix composites,” in Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, pp. 652–657.
• [13] J. O. Agunsoye, J. E. Anyanwu, S. A. Bello, and S. B. Hassan, “Effect of Particle Sizes on some Mechanical Properties of Kernel Shell Reinforced Al-Mg-Mn Composites,” Nano Hybrids Compos., vol. 35, pp. 19–32, 2022.