Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Kilden Koda: İznik Çini Motiflerinin Yapay Zekâ ile Yeniden Yorumlanması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 560 - 578, 20.12.2025

Öz

Bu çalışma, yapay zekâ (YZ) teknolojilerinin geleneksel Türk sanatını, özellikle 16. yüzyıla ait İznik çinilerini yeniden yorumlamak ve dijital olarak yeniden inşa etmek amacıyla nasıl kullanılabileceğini kapsamlı biçimde incelemektedir. Tasarım, hesaplamalı yaratıcılık ve kültürel mirasın korunması gibi çeşitli disiplinleri bir araya getiren araştırma, üretken YZ araçlarının (örneğin DALL-E, Firefly, Prome AI) tarihî çini motiflerini yeniden üretme, yorumlama ve görselleştirme kapasitelerini değerlendirmektedir. Çalışma yalnızca teknik deneyler gerçekleştirmekle kalmamakta, aynı zamanda bu araçların kullanımıyla ortaya çıkan özgünlük, müelliflik ve kültürel temellük gibi etik meseleleri de eleştirel bir bakışla ele almaktadır.

Kavramsal arka plan, YZ ile üretilen görsellerin geleneksel sanat biçimlerinin simgesel anlamını nasıl dönüştürdüğünü ve bu dönüşümün yeni estetik ve kültürel tartışmalara nasıl zemin hazırladığını tartışmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, geleneksel sanatın dijital ortamda yeniden üretilmesi yalnızca görsel bir aktarım olarak değil; anlamın, bağlamın ve kültürel sürekliliğin yeniden tanımlanması olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yöntemsel olarak çalışma, çoklu dijital platformlarda gerçekleştirilen betimleyici görsel analiz ile komut tabanlı görsel üretim süreçlerini bir araya getirerek hem niteliksel hem de deneysel bir araştırma modeli ortaya koymaktadır.
Araştırma bulguları, YZ araçlarının yüksek düzeyde görsel akıcılık ve estetik çeşitlilik sunabildiğini, ancak çoğu durumda kültürel derinlikten, tarihsel bağlam bilgisinden ve yerel estetik değerleri anlama kapasitesinden yoksun kaldığını göstermektedir. Bu durum, YZ’nin kültürel miras projelerinde araçsal değerini ortaya koymakla birlikte, insan uzmanlığının hâlâ vazgeçilmez olduğunu da açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, çağdaş hesaplamalı araçlarla geleneksel görsel kültür arasında bir köprü kurarak, YZ ve sanat ilişkisine dair gelişen literatüre anlamlı bir katkı sunmaktadır.
Ayrıca, YZ destekli miras yeniden yorumlama süreçlerinin müzeler, eğitimciler ve kültürel kurumlar için kamusal etkileşim stratejilerine nasıl entegre edilebileceğine yönelik uygulanabilir modeller de önermektedir. Bu modeller, sergi tasarımından dijital arşivlemeye, eğitim materyallerinden etkileşimli kültürel deneyimlere kadar geniş bir uygulama yelpazesini kapsamaktadır. Böylece çalışma, kültürel mirasın dijital çağda korunması ve yeniden sunulmasına ilişkin hem kuramsal hem de pratik boyutlarıyla yenilikçi bir bakış açısı geliştirmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Adobe Express (2025) ‘Adobe Express’, (2025). https://new.express.adobe.com/id/urn:aaid:sc:AP:6a3629c2-0bca-40c8-8dd1-4b0cbdc20055?category=media&referrer=https%253&tab=all Adobe Firefly. (2025). https://firefly.adobe.com/generate/images?ff_channel=adobe_com&ff_campaign=ffly_homepage&ff_source=firefly_seo&id=bdd34933-16e6-408e-88cc-e6eaa5ae2264.
  • Ajuzieogu, U. (2021). Cultural Heritage Reconstruction and Preservation Through Generative AI. 10.13140/RG.2.2.24236.17281.
  • Beridse, N. and Kumar, S. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Cultural Preservation: Reviving Heritage through Deep Learning and Virtual Reconstruction.
  • Cunningham, J. (2025). Painting in gray: the legal and ethical ambiguities of ai-generated art. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 23(3), 384-391. https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-01-2025-0011
  • Doğan, H. (2025). Türk Tarım Orman Dergisi, http://www.turktarim.gov.tr/Haber/1211/dunyaya-miras-kalan-turk-seramigi-iznik-cinisi.
  • Elbeyli, R. (2017, November 3). Muradiye çinileri üzerine. Gidivermek. https://www.gidivermek.com/muradiye-cinileri/ Featured AI Image Generator: Turn Text to Images | PromeAI. (Accessed 4 June 2025).
  • Fikriyat. (2018). Adını seramiklerinin renginden alan külliye. Fikriyat. https://www.fikriyat.com/tarih/turk-tarihi/2018/05/30/adini-seramiklerinin-renginden-alan-kulliye https://www.promeai.pro/ai-image-generation.
  • Frayling, C. (1993). Research in Art and Design. Royal College of Art Research Papers, 1(1), 1–5.
  • Freepik. (2024). Vibrant Turkish floral tile pattern with blue red and yellow flowers – Generative AI | Premium AI-generated image. https://www.freepik.com/premium-ai-image/vibrant-turkish-floral-tile-pattern-with-blue-red-yellow-flowers-generative-ai_356500314.htm
  • Gökçe, E. (2018). ‘Iznik Ceramics: History and Present-Day’, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324611431_Iznik_Ceramics_History_and_Present-Day.
  • Gülpınar, Ş. and Burak B. (2024). ‘Sanatın Dijital Çağda Yeniden Tanımlanması: Yapay Zekâ Perspektifinden Bir İnceleme’. Yıldız Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8, no. 1, 1–14. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ysbed/issue/86317/1455632.
  • Gjorgjieski, V. (2024). Art redefined: AI’s influence on traditional artistic expression. International Journal of Arts and Design (IJAD), 1(1), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.69648/swww7235
  • Gür, M., Çorakbaş, F. K., Atar, İ. S., Çelik, M. G., Maşat, İ., & Şahin, C. (2024). Communicating AI for architectural and interior design: Reinterpreting traditional Iznik tile compositions through AI software for contemporary spaces. Buildings, 14(9), 2916. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092916
  • Hutson, J., JWeber, J., and Russo, A. (2023). ‘Digital Twins and Cultural Heritage Preservation: A Case Study of Best Practices and Reproducibility in Chiesa Dei SS Apostoli e Biagio’. Research Square, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2429775/v1.
  • Ibrahim, A. (2023). Impact of using artificial intelligence in visual art performance: Artificial intelligence on the design industry. Research Journal in Advanced Humanities, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.58256/rjah.v4i1.1214
  • İnanç, V. (2025). ‘Generative AI Nedir?’ MediaClick https://www.mediaclick.com.tr/blog/generative-ai-nedir.
  • Jerrin, N. B. and Bhuvaneswari, G. (2024). Comprehending ai's role in literature and arts from a transhumanist perspective. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope, 05(02), 846-859. https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2024.v05i02.0670
  • Kurt Kırtay, K. (2023). Türk Kültüründe Hayat Ağacı, Bir Motif Olarak Çini ve Seramiklerde Kullanımı. Uluslararası İnsan ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 129-143.
  • Kutsal, I. M. and Köksal, M., F. (2021). From the Sultan’s Album: The Past and Present of Topkapı Palace. SENUR Elektrik Motorları San. ve Tic. A.Ş.
  • Leong, W. Y. (2025). AI-generated artwork as modern interpretation of historical paintings. International Journal of Social Sciences and Artistic Innovations, 5, 15–29. https://doi.org/10.35745/ijssai2025v05.01.0002
  • Li, J., Zhong, J., Liu, S. and Fan, X. (2024). Opportunities and Challenges in AI Painting: The Game between Artificial Intelligence and Humanity. Journal of Big Data and Computing (ISSN: 2959- 0590), 2(1), 45.
  • Lovato, J., Zimmerman, J., Smith, I., Dodds, P. and Karson, J. (2024). Foregrounding artist opinions: A survey study on transparency, ownership, and fairness in AI generative art. Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES), 7, 905–916. https://doi.org/10.1609/aies.v7i1.31691
  • Manovich, L. (2013). Software Takes Command. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. Matsumura, N., Tokura, H., Kuroda, Y., Ito, Y. and Nakano, K. (2019). Tile art image generation using parallel greedy algorithm on the gpu and its approximation with machine learning. Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience, 33(12). https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.5623
  • Neural Frames (2025). AI Style Transfer. (Accessed 4 June 2025). https://www.neuralframes.com/tools/ai-style-transfer. Open-Aı. ‘Dall·E 2’, (2022). https://openai.com/index/dall-e-2/.
  • Özkuyumcu, S. A. and Kalaycı Önaç, A. (2025). Performance Analysıs Of Artıfıcıal Intellıgence Tools In Digitizatıon Of Lost Cultural Herıtage: Saray-I Amıre. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 9(1), 12- 24. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.1676049
  • Qureshi, M. K., Sharma, S., & Mishra, R. (2025). Blending ai and deep learning for visual arts development to explore a new aesthetic dimension. International Journal of Research and Review in Applied Science, Humanities, and Technology, 100-107. https://doi.org/10.71143/z8kef368
  • Rozental, S., Dartel, M. and Rooij, A. (2024). How artists use AI as a responsive material for art creation. PsyArXiv Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gjdnw
  • Sora. ‘Sora’. https://sora.com/library. (Accessed 4 June 2025).
  • Tang, J. and Liu, X. (2025). ‘no to ai generated images’: fan art creators contesting ai integration on social media platforms. Media International Australia. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251347005
  • Tiribelli, S., Pansoni, S., Frontoni, E., and Giovanola., B. (2024). Ethics of Artificial Intelligence for Cultural Heritage: Opportunities and Challenges. IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society 5, 293–305. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3432407.
  • Türel Art. (2021). İznik Çinisi’nin Büyüleyici Dünyası, https://www.turelart.com/iznik-cinisi/. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2014). İznik - UNESCO World Heritage Centre. https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5900/
  • Urquiza, D. C. and Monroy-Mondragón, C. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Artistic Creation: Revolutionizing Digital Drawing. Revista Teoría Educativa, 19(8), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.35429/JET.2024.8.19.6.1.8
  • Vivaldi, W. and Sutedja, I. (2024). Using deep learning and cbir to address copyright concerns of ai- generated art: a systematic literature review. Devotion: Journal of Research and Community
  • Service, 5(10), 1320-1330. https://doi.org/10.59188/devotion.v5i10.18642
  • Xiong, G. and Wu, D. (2023). The development trend of digital art in the age of artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Practice, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.23977/jaip.2023.060702
  • Wood, J. (2022). The AI Art Revolution: What is the Future of Artists? Medium. https://medium.com/geekculture/the-ai-art-revolution-161631d6d85f

From Clay to Code: Artificial Intelligence and the Reinvention of İznik Tile Motifs

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 560 - 578, 20.12.2025

Öz

This study comprehensively explores how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies can be used to reinterpret and digitally reconstruct traditional Turkish art, with a particular focus on 16th-century Iznik tiles. By bringing together various disciplines such as design, computational creativity, and cultural heritage preservation, the research evaluates the capacity of generative AI tools (e.g., DALL-E, Firefly, Prome AI) to reproduce, reinterpret, and visualize historical tile motifs. The study not only conducts technical experiments but also critically addresses ethical issues such as originality, authorship, and cultural appropriation arising from the use of these tools.
The conceptual background examines how AI-generated visuals transform the symbolic meaning of traditional art forms and how this transformation opens the door to new aesthetic and cultural debates. In this context, the digital reproduction of traditional art is evaluated not merely as a visual transfer, but as a redefinition of meaning, context, and cultural continuity. Methodologically, the study combines descriptive visual analysis on multiple digital platforms with prompt-based image generation processes, thereby establishing a research model that is both qualitative and experimental.
The research findings show that AI tools can offer a high level of visual fluency and aesthetic diversity, but in most cases lack cultural depth, historical contextual knowledge, and an understanding of local aesthetic values. While this highlights the instrumental value of AI in cultural heritage projects, it also underscores the continued indispensability of human expertise. By building a bridge between contemporary computational tools and traditional visual culture, the study makes a meaningful contribution to the evolving literature on the relationship between AI and art.
In addition, it proposes applicable models for how AI-assisted heritage reinterpretation can be integrated into public engagement strategies for museums, educators, and cultural institutions. These models encompass a wide range of applications, from exhibition design to digital archiving, from educational materials to interactive cultural experiences. Thus, the study offers an innovative perspective on the preservation and reinterpretation of cultural heritage in the digital age, both in theoretical and practical dimensions.

Kaynakça

  • Adobe Express (2025) ‘Adobe Express’, (2025). https://new.express.adobe.com/id/urn:aaid:sc:AP:6a3629c2-0bca-40c8-8dd1-4b0cbdc20055?category=media&referrer=https%253&tab=all Adobe Firefly. (2025). https://firefly.adobe.com/generate/images?ff_channel=adobe_com&ff_campaign=ffly_homepage&ff_source=firefly_seo&id=bdd34933-16e6-408e-88cc-e6eaa5ae2264.
  • Ajuzieogu, U. (2021). Cultural Heritage Reconstruction and Preservation Through Generative AI. 10.13140/RG.2.2.24236.17281.
  • Beridse, N. and Kumar, S. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Cultural Preservation: Reviving Heritage through Deep Learning and Virtual Reconstruction.
  • Cunningham, J. (2025). Painting in gray: the legal and ethical ambiguities of ai-generated art. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 23(3), 384-391. https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-01-2025-0011
  • Doğan, H. (2025). Türk Tarım Orman Dergisi, http://www.turktarim.gov.tr/Haber/1211/dunyaya-miras-kalan-turk-seramigi-iznik-cinisi.
  • Elbeyli, R. (2017, November 3). Muradiye çinileri üzerine. Gidivermek. https://www.gidivermek.com/muradiye-cinileri/ Featured AI Image Generator: Turn Text to Images | PromeAI. (Accessed 4 June 2025).
  • Fikriyat. (2018). Adını seramiklerinin renginden alan külliye. Fikriyat. https://www.fikriyat.com/tarih/turk-tarihi/2018/05/30/adini-seramiklerinin-renginden-alan-kulliye https://www.promeai.pro/ai-image-generation.
  • Frayling, C. (1993). Research in Art and Design. Royal College of Art Research Papers, 1(1), 1–5.
  • Freepik. (2024). Vibrant Turkish floral tile pattern with blue red and yellow flowers – Generative AI | Premium AI-generated image. https://www.freepik.com/premium-ai-image/vibrant-turkish-floral-tile-pattern-with-blue-red-yellow-flowers-generative-ai_356500314.htm
  • Gökçe, E. (2018). ‘Iznik Ceramics: History and Present-Day’, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324611431_Iznik_Ceramics_History_and_Present-Day.
  • Gülpınar, Ş. and Burak B. (2024). ‘Sanatın Dijital Çağda Yeniden Tanımlanması: Yapay Zekâ Perspektifinden Bir İnceleme’. Yıldız Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8, no. 1, 1–14. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ysbed/issue/86317/1455632.
  • Gjorgjieski, V. (2024). Art redefined: AI’s influence on traditional artistic expression. International Journal of Arts and Design (IJAD), 1(1), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.69648/swww7235
  • Gür, M., Çorakbaş, F. K., Atar, İ. S., Çelik, M. G., Maşat, İ., & Şahin, C. (2024). Communicating AI for architectural and interior design: Reinterpreting traditional Iznik tile compositions through AI software for contemporary spaces. Buildings, 14(9), 2916. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092916
  • Hutson, J., JWeber, J., and Russo, A. (2023). ‘Digital Twins and Cultural Heritage Preservation: A Case Study of Best Practices and Reproducibility in Chiesa Dei SS Apostoli e Biagio’. Research Square, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2429775/v1.
  • Ibrahim, A. (2023). Impact of using artificial intelligence in visual art performance: Artificial intelligence on the design industry. Research Journal in Advanced Humanities, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.58256/rjah.v4i1.1214
  • İnanç, V. (2025). ‘Generative AI Nedir?’ MediaClick https://www.mediaclick.com.tr/blog/generative-ai-nedir.
  • Jerrin, N. B. and Bhuvaneswari, G. (2024). Comprehending ai's role in literature and arts from a transhumanist perspective. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope, 05(02), 846-859. https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2024.v05i02.0670
  • Kurt Kırtay, K. (2023). Türk Kültüründe Hayat Ağacı, Bir Motif Olarak Çini ve Seramiklerde Kullanımı. Uluslararası İnsan ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 129-143.
  • Kutsal, I. M. and Köksal, M., F. (2021). From the Sultan’s Album: The Past and Present of Topkapı Palace. SENUR Elektrik Motorları San. ve Tic. A.Ş.
  • Leong, W. Y. (2025). AI-generated artwork as modern interpretation of historical paintings. International Journal of Social Sciences and Artistic Innovations, 5, 15–29. https://doi.org/10.35745/ijssai2025v05.01.0002
  • Li, J., Zhong, J., Liu, S. and Fan, X. (2024). Opportunities and Challenges in AI Painting: The Game between Artificial Intelligence and Humanity. Journal of Big Data and Computing (ISSN: 2959- 0590), 2(1), 45.
  • Lovato, J., Zimmerman, J., Smith, I., Dodds, P. and Karson, J. (2024). Foregrounding artist opinions: A survey study on transparency, ownership, and fairness in AI generative art. Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES), 7, 905–916. https://doi.org/10.1609/aies.v7i1.31691
  • Manovich, L. (2013). Software Takes Command. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. Matsumura, N., Tokura, H., Kuroda, Y., Ito, Y. and Nakano, K. (2019). Tile art image generation using parallel greedy algorithm on the gpu and its approximation with machine learning. Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience, 33(12). https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.5623
  • Neural Frames (2025). AI Style Transfer. (Accessed 4 June 2025). https://www.neuralframes.com/tools/ai-style-transfer. Open-Aı. ‘Dall·E 2’, (2022). https://openai.com/index/dall-e-2/.
  • Özkuyumcu, S. A. and Kalaycı Önaç, A. (2025). Performance Analysıs Of Artıfıcıal Intellıgence Tools In Digitizatıon Of Lost Cultural Herıtage: Saray-I Amıre. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 9(1), 12- 24. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.1676049
  • Qureshi, M. K., Sharma, S., & Mishra, R. (2025). Blending ai and deep learning for visual arts development to explore a new aesthetic dimension. International Journal of Research and Review in Applied Science, Humanities, and Technology, 100-107. https://doi.org/10.71143/z8kef368
  • Rozental, S., Dartel, M. and Rooij, A. (2024). How artists use AI as a responsive material for art creation. PsyArXiv Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gjdnw
  • Sora. ‘Sora’. https://sora.com/library. (Accessed 4 June 2025).
  • Tang, J. and Liu, X. (2025). ‘no to ai generated images’: fan art creators contesting ai integration on social media platforms. Media International Australia. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251347005
  • Tiribelli, S., Pansoni, S., Frontoni, E., and Giovanola., B. (2024). Ethics of Artificial Intelligence for Cultural Heritage: Opportunities and Challenges. IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society 5, 293–305. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3432407.
  • Türel Art. (2021). İznik Çinisi’nin Büyüleyici Dünyası, https://www.turelart.com/iznik-cinisi/. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2014). İznik - UNESCO World Heritage Centre. https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5900/
  • Urquiza, D. C. and Monroy-Mondragón, C. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Artistic Creation: Revolutionizing Digital Drawing. Revista Teoría Educativa, 19(8), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.35429/JET.2024.8.19.6.1.8
  • Vivaldi, W. and Sutedja, I. (2024). Using deep learning and cbir to address copyright concerns of ai- generated art: a systematic literature review. Devotion: Journal of Research and Community
  • Service, 5(10), 1320-1330. https://doi.org/10.59188/devotion.v5i10.18642
  • Xiong, G. and Wu, D. (2023). The development trend of digital art in the age of artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Practice, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.23977/jaip.2023.060702
  • Wood, J. (2022). The AI Art Revolution: What is the Future of Artists? Medium. https://medium.com/geekculture/the-ai-art-revolution-161631d6d85f
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Görsel Sanatlar (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Sinem Ünal Gerdan 0000-0002-8599-6753

Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 20 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Ünal Gerdan, S. (2025). From Clay to Code: Artificial Intelligence and the Reinvention of İznik Tile Motifs. Uluslararası İnsan ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(4), 560-578.

logo.svg  doi.png  grammarly-0fb692ef.svg 88x31.png ith-logo.png  a94bbc48292e3b6e54b776e608d10ad5cb_turnitin-login-page-logo-2022.png İjhar.png
Uluslararası İnsan ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi IJHAR, Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu'nun 71248886-2020/24446 / E.2020-OE-458377 sayılı kararı ile tescillenmiştir.