Examination of The Attitudes of Assistant Physicians to Brain Drain In Health Services

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes of resident physicians towards brain drain and to examine whether attitudes towards migration make a difference on the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. Methods: As a data collection tool, the Attitude Scale Towards Brain Drain developed by Öncü et al. (2018), a questionnaire form containing questions about the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants, their occupations and their evaluations about health brain drain were used. The research was carried out with 232 assistant doctors working in a university hospital serving in Turkey. Data were collected using face-to-face survey method with healthcare professionals. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistical methods, t-test for independent samples and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The results were evaluated within the 95% confidence interval. Results: According to the results of the study, it was found that 67.7% of the residents wanted to immigrate to another country. There is no statistically significant difference between the participant’s gender, age, marital status, income, branch, working hours and years, and brain drain attitudes. Conclusion: It has been found that the occurrence of violence in health increases health migration in our country and migration will be prevented by creating appropriate working hours and conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• physicians
• attitude
• brain drain

Kaynakça

1. Aluttis, C., Bishaw, T., & Frank, M. W. (2014). The Workforce For Health in A Globalized Context- Global Shortages and International Migration. Glob Health Action, 7, 1-7.
2. Asadi, H., Ahmadi, B., Nejat, S., Sari, A. A., Garavand, A., Kia, A. A., & Hasaomi. M. (2018). Factors influencing the migration of Iranian healthcare professionals: A qualitative study. Plos One, 13(6), 1-11.
3. Astor, A., Akhtar, T., Matallana, M. A., . Muthuswamy, V., Olowu, F. A., Tallo, V., & Lie. R. K. (2005). Physician migration: Views from professionals in Colombia, Nigeria, India, Pakistan and the Philippines. Soc. Sci. Med. 61, 2492–2500.
4. Bal, H. (2001). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntem ve Teknikleri. Isparta: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Basımevi.
5. Bang, J. T., & Mitra, M. Brain drain and institutions of governance: Educational attainment of immigrants to the US 1988-1998. Economic Systems, 35(3), 335–354.
6. Bell, M., Charles‐Edwards, E., Ueffing, P., Stillwell, J., Kupiszewski, M., & Kupiszewska, D. (2015). Internal migration and development: Comparing migration intensities around the world. Population and Development Review, 41(1), 33-58.
7. Bimal, M. K., Kaur, R., & Kaur, R. (2016). Factors Intend to Brain Drain among Staff Nurses. International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management, 4(4), 327-330.
8. Boros, L., Dudas, G., Ilesikne Makra, Z., Morar, C., & Pal. V. (2022). The Mıgratıon of Health Care Professıonals From Hungary – Global Flows And Local Responses. Deturope, 14(1), 164-188.

9. Buchan, J. (2008). How Can the Migration of Health Service Professionals be Managed so as to Reduce any Negative Effects on Supply?, Policy Brief, WHO Regional Office for Europe,http://www.euro.who.int/document/hsm.
10. Campbell, E. K. (2007). Brain Drain Potential In Botswana. International Migration, 45(5), 115-145.
11. Clarke, N., Crowe, S., Humphries, N., Conroy, R., O’Hare, S., Kavanagh, P., & Brugha, R. (2017). Factors influencing trainee doctor emigration in a high income country: a mixed methods study. Human Resources for Health, 15(66), 1-12.
12. Domagałaa, A., & Dubas-Jakóbczk, K. (2019). Migration intentions among physicians working in Polish hospitals – Insights from survey research. Health Policy, 123, 782–787.
13. Eser, E., Elif Ç., Gündoğan, N. E. Ş., Çöl. M., Öztürk, E. N. Y., &…. Thomas, D. T. (2022). Türkiye’deki Tıp Fakültesi Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Kariyerlerini Yurtdışında Sürdürme Eğilimleri ve Bunu Etkileyen Faktörler: 39 Tıp Fakültesinde Çok Merkezli Bir Araştırma. İçinde: 6 Uluslararası Ve 24 Ulusal Halk Sağlığı Kongresi-Kongre Kitabı [İnternet]. HASUDER. Erişim adresi: https://uhsk.org/2022/dosya/kongre_kitabi.pdf.
14. Filiz, M., Karagöz, M. B., & Karagöz, N. (2022). Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Beyin Göçüne Yönelik Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(27), 679-692.
15. Forcier, M. B, Simoens, S., & Giuffrida, A. (2004). Impact, regulation and health policy implications of physician migration in OECD countries. Human Resources for Health, 2(12), 1-11.
16. Güner, M. E., Şengelen, M., Ünal, B. B., Karabıçak, C., Çekici, D., Karadoğan, E., ... & Çakır, B. (2024). Tıp Fakültesi Dönem 1 ve Dönem 5 Öğrencilerinin Yurt Dışına Göç Eğilimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, 23(69), 59-69. https://tdk.gov.tr/(Cited: 2022 August 07). https://tdk.gov.tr/(Cited: 2022 August 08).
17. İstanbul Ekonomi Araştırma (2022). Türkiye Raporu. Türkiye’de Doktorların Yaşam Kalitesi. https://turkiyeraporu.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Doktorlar-Raporu-Mayis-2022.pdf.
18. Karagöz, Y. (2014). SPSS 21.1. Uygulamalı Biyoistatistik. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
19. Karaşin Y., & Karagöz, Y. (2023). Hekim Beyin Göçünü Etkileyen Faktörlerin Ölçek Geliştirme Yoluyla Belirlenmesi. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 26(4), 1083-1096.
20. Kaya, S., Toraman, Ç. & Tekin, M. (2023). Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Gelecekte Yurt Dışında Çalışmayla İlgili Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi: Çanakkale Örneği. Tip Egitimi Dunyasi. 22 (66), 47-60.
21. Kizito, S., Mukunya, D., Nakitende, J., Nambasa, S., Nampogo, A., & Kalyesubula R. (2015). Career İntentions Of Final Year Medical Students İn Uganda After Graduating: The Burden Of Brain Drain. BMC Medical Education. 15(1), 1- 7.
22. Lofters, A., Slater, M., & Thulien, N. (2013). The "Brain Drain": Factors influencing physician migration to Canada. Health, 5(1), 1- 13.
23. Mollahaliloğlu, S., Çulha, Ü. A., Kosdak, M., & Öncül, H. G. (2014). The migration preferences of newly graduated physcians in Turkey. Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences. 109(1566), 1-7.
24. Öncü, E., Selvi, H., Vayısoğlu, S. K., & Ceylan, H. (2018). Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Beyin Göçüne Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği Geliştirilmesi: Güvenirlik Ve Geçerlik Çalışması. Çukurova Medical Journal, 43(1), 207-215.
25. Pantenburg, B., Kitze, K., Luppa, M., König, H. H., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2018). Physician Emigration From Germany: Insights From A Survey In Saxony, Germany. BMC Health Services Research. 18(341), 1-10.
26. Pol, M. V., Scott, A., & Irvine, A. (2019). The migration of UK trained GPs to Australia: Does risk attitude matter?. Health Policy, 123, 1093–1099.
27. Rutten, M. (2009). The Economic Impact of Medical Migration: An Overview of the Literature. The World Economy, 32(2), 291-325.
28. Sell S.K, & Williams, O. D. (2020). Health Under Capitalism: A Global Political Economy of Structural Pathogenesis. Review of International Political Economy, 27 (1), 1-25.
29. Solberg, I. B., Tómasson, K., Aasland, O., & Tyssen, R. (2013). The impact of economic factors on migration considerations among Icelandic specialist doctors: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res, 13 (524), 1-7.
30. Tezcan, M. (2000). Dış göç ve eğitim. Ankara: Anı yayınevi.
31. Türk Tabipler Birliği (2023). Türk Tabipler Birliği Çalışma Raporu 2022-2023. https://www.ttb.org.tr/c_rapor/2022-2023/cr_2022-2023.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi: 28. 06. 2024).
32. Türk Tabipler Birliği (2024). Türk Tabipler Birliği Çalışma Raporu 2022-2024. https://www.ttb.org.tr/c_rapor/2022-2024/cr_2022-2024.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi: 28. 06. 2024).
33. Uğur, N. (2022). Great Risk For Education Cost: Brain Drain (Resident Physicians Case). Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi, 31(2), 115-125.