Antibiyotik Direnciyle Mücadelede Yenilikçi Stratejiler: Yükselen Trendler ve Gelecekteki Yönelimler

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 75 - 105

Bahar Senel , Hayati Beka

https://doi.org/10.31201/ijhmt.1598478

Öz

Amaç: Antimikrobiyal direnç (AMR), insan, hayvan ve çevresel bağlamlarda antibiyotiklerin aşırı ve yanlış kullanımıyla daha da kötüleşen kritik bir küresel sağlık sorununu temsil eder. Bu çalışma, yeni antimikrobiyal stratejilerin geliştirilmesi ve benimsenmesindeki bilimsel, ekonomik ve düzenleyici zorluklara özel bir odaklanma ile AMR'yi ele almanın önündeki engelleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntemler: Bu inceleme, bakteriyofaj tedavisi ve antimikrobiyal peptitler gibi yenilikçi terapötik yaklaşımlar hakkındaki güncel literatürü, WHO AMR Küresel Eylem Planı ve PASTEUR Yasası dahil olmak üzere küresel politika girişimlerinin bir analiziyle birlikte sentezlemektedir. Antibiyotik Ar-Ge ve politika çerçeveleri alanlarındaki temel engelleri ve potansiyel çözümleri belirlemeye vurgu yapılmaktadır.
Sonuçlar: Bulgular, AMR'yi ele almak için alternatif tedavilerin ve politika odaklı teşviklerin önemli vaadini vurgulamaktadır. Ancak, bilimsel engeller, ekonomik caydırıcılar ve düzenleyici uygulamadaki eşitsizlikler gibi sınırlamalar ilerlemeyi engellemektedir. Abonelik tabanlı modeller ve geliştirilmiş tanı araçları gibi yeni politika önlemleri, mevcut boşlukları kapatma potansiyeli göstermiştir. Sonuç: AMR'yi etkili bir şekilde ele almak için işbirlikçi küresel çabalar esastır. Sürdürülebilir finansman mekanizmaları, gelişmiş tanı teknolojileri ve entegre Tek Sağlık yaklaşımları, bilim, politika ve uygulama arasındaki boşlukları kapatmak için önceliklendirilmelidir. Bu zorluklarla başa çıkarak, küresel topluluk AMR'nin artan tehdidini azaltabilir ve antibiyotiklerin gelecek nesiller için etkinliğini koruyabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

antimikrobiyal direnç, antibiyotik gelişimi, küresel sağlık, Tek Sağlık, politika girişimleri

Innovative Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance: Emerging Trends and Future Directions

Öz

Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical global health challenge exacerbated by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in human, animal, and environmental contexts. This study aims to examine the barriers to addressing AMR, with a specific focus on scientific, economic, and regulatory challenges in the development and adoption of novel antimicrobial strategies.
Methods: This review synthesizes current literature on innovative therapeutic approaches, such as bacteriophage therapy and antimicrobial peptides, alongside an analysis of global policy initiatives, including the WHO Global Action Plan on AMR and the PASTEUR Act. Emphasis is placed on identifying key obstacles and potential solutions within the realms of antibiotic R&D and policy frameworks.
Results: Findings highlight the significant promise of alternative therapies and policy-driven incentives to address AMR. However, limitations such as scientific hurdles, economic disincentives, and disparities in regulatory enforcement hinder progress. Novel policy measures like subscription-based models and improved diagnostic tools have shown potential to close existing gaps.
Conclusion: Collaborative global efforts are essential to address AMR effectively. Sustainable funding mechanisms, advanced diagnostic technologies, and integrated One Health approaches must be prioritized to bridge gaps between science, policy, and practice. By addressing these challenges, the global community can mitigate the escalating threat of AMR and safeguard the efficacy of antibiotics for future generations.
Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic development, global health, One Health, policy initiatives

Anahtar Kelimeler

antibiotic development, global health, One Health, policy initiatives

Kaynakça

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