Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Escherichia coli strains and fecal contamination in Orontes River, Turkey

Öz

This study was to evaluate the level of contamination of surface waters by coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli, as well as to detect the fecal pollution and the antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli strains from recovered Asi (Orentes) River in the southern region of Turkey. Total and fecal coliform results were revealed as ˃1100 MPN/100 mL and 1100 MPN/100 mL for two stations, respectively. A total of 10 E. coli isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby Bauer method. Resistance to cefotaxime, tobramycin, streptomycin, trimethoprim, cefepime, cefazolin, and ampicillin was determined in 20%, 20%, 40%, 20%, 20%, 20%, and 40%, respectively. These findings point out a widespread distribution of E. coli strains produced antibiotic resistance genes in the surface waters in the southern region of Turkey, suggesting an aquatic reservoir for resistance genes. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) rates of %30 of E. coli isolates were greater than 0.200. This high index indicates exceeding the permissible water quality limits for human use and consumption and is the primary source of contamination in the discharges from domestic, agricultural, and urban.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orontes River
• Escherichia coli
• Antibiotic resistance
• coliform pollution.

Türkiye, Asi Nehri'ndeki Escherichia coli suşlarının antibiyotik duyarlılık profilleri ve fekal kontaminasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin güney bölgesindeki Asi (Orentes) Nehri'nden izole edilen E. coli suşlarının antibiyotik direnç modelleri ve fekal kirlenmenin yanı sıra yüzey sularının koliform bakteriler ve Escherichia coli tarafından kirlenme seviyelerini değerlendirmektedir. Toplam ve fekal koliform sonuçları iki istasyon için sırasıyla ˃1100 EMS/100 mL ve 1100 EMS/100 mL olarak ortaya konmuştur. Toplam 10 E. coli izolatında antibiyotik duyarlılığı Kirby Bauer yöntemi ile taranmıştır. Sefotaksim, tobramisin, streptomisin, trimetoprim, sefepim, sefazolin ve ampisiline direnç sırasıyla %20, %20, %40, %20, %20, %20 ve %40 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, Türkiye'nin güney bölgesindeki yüzey sularında antibiyotik direnç genleri üreten E. coli suşlarının yaygın bir dağılımına işaret etmekte ve direnç genleri için sucul bir rezervuar olduğunu düşündürmektedir. E. coli izolatlarının %30'unda çoklu antibiyotik direnci (MAR) oranları 0.2'den büyük bulunmuştur. Bu yüksek oran, insan kullanımı ve tüketimi için izin verilen su kalitesi sınırlarının aşıldığını gösterir ve evsel, tarımsal ve kentsel deşarjlarda birincil kirlilik kaynağıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Escherichia coli
• Asi Nehri
• antibiyotik direnci
• koliform kirlenme

Kaynakça

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