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Edwarsiella ictaluri: Pathogenicity and LD50 in Pangasius nasutus

Yıl 2024, , 1 - 11, 15.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.1398037

Öz

This study focuses on pathogenicity and LD50 of Pangasius nasutus against Edwardsiella ictaluri. Pangasius nasutus or ‘patin buah’ is a native freshwater species of peninsular Malaysia and can be found in Pahang River. The market price for this species is high as it tastes better compared to other catfish. Edwardsiella ictaluri is a pathogenic bacteria and the causative agent that cause enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) in the Pangasius species. However, the prevention measures against Edwardsiella ictaluri are still unknown for Pangasius nasutus due to the lack of research and study. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify Edwardsiella ictaluri isolated from Pangasius nasutus cultured in Pahang River using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to determine the pathogenicity and LD50 of Pangasius nasutus against Edwardsiella ictaluri through injection method. There are four different concentrations of Edwardsiella ictaluri (1×1010, 1×109, 1×108, 1×107) that were injected intraperitoneally including normal saline water as control to a total of 50 Pangasius nasutus. Observation of clinical signs and mortality were carried out for 30 days and LD50 was determined. The earliest clinical sign was observed at concentration of 1×1010 cfu/ml at 2 hours post-infection of Edwardsiella ictaluri where pale liver and congested kidney can be observed after dissection. Other clinical signs observed are inflammation on tail and fin, hemorrhagic fin, hemorrhagic upper mandible, discoloration, and inflammation on the lower part of body. The first mortality of Pangasius nasutus was at concentration 1×1010 cfu/ml at 2 hours of post infection. The highest cumulative mortality was recorded at concentration 1×1010 cfu/ml with 100% of mortality rate. From the result, the value of LD50 of Edwardsiella ictaluri calculated was 1×106 cfu/ml. From this study, it can be concluded that Edwardsiella ictaluri does affect the survivability Pangasius nasutus in Malaysia.

Kaynakça

  • Asdari, R., M. Aliyu‐Paiko, and R. Hashim, Effects of different dietary lipid sources in the diet for Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) juveniles on growth performance, feed efficiency, body indices and muscle and liver fatty acid compositions. Aquaculture nutrition, 2011. 17(4): p. 883-891. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00860.x.
  • Dong, Ha Thanh, et al., Concurrent infections of Flavobacterium columnare and Edwardsiella ictaluri in striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus in Thailand. Aquaculture, 2015. 448: p. 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.05.046.
  • Hassan, A., Ambak, M. A., and Samad, Crossbreeding of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) and Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) and their larval development. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 2011. 6(1): p. 28-35.
  • Hawke, J. P., et al., ESC-Enteric Septicemia of Catfish. SRAC Publication, 1998. 477: p. 1-6
  • Kim, J. D., and Park, S. W., Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in cultured yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerlings in Korea. Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2015. 48(5): p. 725-730. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2015.0725.
  • Koswara, A. D., Kajian Patogenesis Infeksi Buatan Bakteri Edwardsiella ictaluri Pada Ikan Lele (Clarias Sp.), 2009.
  • Mawardi, M., et al., Identification and characterization of Edwardsiella ictaluri from diseased Pangasius pangasius, cultured in Cirata Lake, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2018. 19(3): p. 816-822. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190309.
  • Merino, S., et al., Cloning and sequencing of the Klebsiella pneumoniae O5 wb gene cluster and its role in pathogenesis. Infection and immunity, 2000. 68(5): p. 2435-2440. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.5.2435-2440.2000.
  • Mohideen, N. H. R. H., et al., The Co-Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and A Related Pathogenic Strain from Pangasius Nasutus. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2023. 6(2): p. 143-154. https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.1268388.
  • Phuoc, N. N., Richards, R., and Crumlish, M., Environmental conditions influence susceptibility of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage) to Edwardsiella ictaluri. Aquaculture, 2020. 523: p. 735226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735226.
  • Santander, J., et al., Inflammatory effects of Edwardsiella ictaluri lipopolysaccharide modifications in catfish gut. Infection and immunity, 2014. 82(8): p. 3394-3404. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.01697-14.
  • Susanti, W., Indrawati, A., and Pasaribu, F. H., Kajian patogenisitas bakteri Edwardsiella ictaluri pada ikan patin Pangasionodon hypophthalmus. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 2016. 15(2): p. 99-107. https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.15.99-107.
  • Walakira, J. K., et al., Identification and characterization of bacteriophages specific to the catfish pathogen, Edwardsiella ictaluri. Journal of applied microbiology, 2008. 105(6): p. 2133-2142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03933.x.
  • Waltman, W. D., E. B. Shotts, and T. C. Hsu, Biochemical characteristics of Edwardsiella ictaluri. Applied and environmental microbiology, 1986. 51(1): p. 101-104. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.51.1.101-104.1986.
  • Shoemaker, C., et al., Overview of fish immune system and infectious diseases. Dietary nutrients, additives, and fish health, 2015: p. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119005568.ch1.
  • Magnadottir, B., Immunological control of fish diseases. Marine biotechnology, 2010. 12: p. 361-379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-010-9279-x.
  • Koch, A. L., Growth measurement. Methods for general and molecular microbiology, 2007: p. 172-199. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555817497.ch9.
  • Sieuwerts, S., et al., A simple and fast method for determining colony forming units. Letters in applied microbiology, 2008. 47(4): p. 275-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02417.x.

Edwarsiella ictaluri: Pathogenicity and LD50 in Pangasius nasutus

Yıl 2024, , 1 - 11, 15.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.1398037

Öz

This study focuses on pathogenicity and LD50 of Pangasius nasutus against Edwardsiella ictaluri. Pangasius nasutus or ‘patin buah’ is a native freshwater species of peninsular Malaysia and can be found in Pahang River. The market price for this species is high as it tastes better compared to other catfish. Edwardsiella ictaluri is a pathogenic bacteria and the causative agent that cause enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) in the Pangasius species. However, the prevention measures against Edwardsiella ictaluri are still unknown for Pangasius nasutus due to the lack of research and study. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify Edwardsiella ictaluri isolated from Pangasius nasutus cultured in Pahang River using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to determine the pathogenicity and LD50 of Pangasius nasutus against Edwardsiella ictaluri through injection method. There are four different concentrations of Edwardsiella ictaluri (1×1010, 1×109, 1×108, 1×107) that were injected intraperitoneally including normal saline water as control to a total of 50 Pangasius nasutus. Observation of clinical signs and mortality were carried out for 30 days and LD50 was determined. The earliest clinical sign was observed at concentration of 1×1010 cfu/ml at 2 hours post-infection of Edwardsiella ictaluri where pale liver and congested kidney can be observed after dissection. Other clinical signs observed are inflammation on tail and fin, hemorrhagic fin, hemorrhagic upper mandible, discoloration, and inflammation on the lower part of body. The first mortality of Pangasius nasutus was at concentration 1×1010 cfu/ml at 2 hours of post infection. The highest cumulative mortality was recorded at concentration 1×1010 cfu/ml with 100% of mortality rate. From the result, the value of LD50 of Edwardsiella ictaluri calculated was 1×106 cfu/ml. From this study, it can be concluded that Edwardsiella ictaluri does affect the survivability Pangasius nasutus in Malaysia.

Kaynakça

  • Asdari, R., M. Aliyu‐Paiko, and R. Hashim, Effects of different dietary lipid sources in the diet for Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) juveniles on growth performance, feed efficiency, body indices and muscle and liver fatty acid compositions. Aquaculture nutrition, 2011. 17(4): p. 883-891. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00860.x.
  • Dong, Ha Thanh, et al., Concurrent infections of Flavobacterium columnare and Edwardsiella ictaluri in striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus in Thailand. Aquaculture, 2015. 448: p. 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.05.046.
  • Hassan, A., Ambak, M. A., and Samad, Crossbreeding of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) and Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) and their larval development. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 2011. 6(1): p. 28-35.
  • Hawke, J. P., et al., ESC-Enteric Septicemia of Catfish. SRAC Publication, 1998. 477: p. 1-6
  • Kim, J. D., and Park, S. W., Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in cultured yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerlings in Korea. Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2015. 48(5): p. 725-730. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2015.0725.
  • Koswara, A. D., Kajian Patogenesis Infeksi Buatan Bakteri Edwardsiella ictaluri Pada Ikan Lele (Clarias Sp.), 2009.
  • Mawardi, M., et al., Identification and characterization of Edwardsiella ictaluri from diseased Pangasius pangasius, cultured in Cirata Lake, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2018. 19(3): p. 816-822. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190309.
  • Merino, S., et al., Cloning and sequencing of the Klebsiella pneumoniae O5 wb gene cluster and its role in pathogenesis. Infection and immunity, 2000. 68(5): p. 2435-2440. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.5.2435-2440.2000.
  • Mohideen, N. H. R. H., et al., The Co-Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and A Related Pathogenic Strain from Pangasius Nasutus. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2023. 6(2): p. 143-154. https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.1268388.
  • Phuoc, N. N., Richards, R., and Crumlish, M., Environmental conditions influence susceptibility of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage) to Edwardsiella ictaluri. Aquaculture, 2020. 523: p. 735226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735226.
  • Santander, J., et al., Inflammatory effects of Edwardsiella ictaluri lipopolysaccharide modifications in catfish gut. Infection and immunity, 2014. 82(8): p. 3394-3404. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.01697-14.
  • Susanti, W., Indrawati, A., and Pasaribu, F. H., Kajian patogenisitas bakteri Edwardsiella ictaluri pada ikan patin Pangasionodon hypophthalmus. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 2016. 15(2): p. 99-107. https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.15.99-107.
  • Walakira, J. K., et al., Identification and characterization of bacteriophages specific to the catfish pathogen, Edwardsiella ictaluri. Journal of applied microbiology, 2008. 105(6): p. 2133-2142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03933.x.
  • Waltman, W. D., E. B. Shotts, and T. C. Hsu, Biochemical characteristics of Edwardsiella ictaluri. Applied and environmental microbiology, 1986. 51(1): p. 101-104. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.51.1.101-104.1986.
  • Shoemaker, C., et al., Overview of fish immune system and infectious diseases. Dietary nutrients, additives, and fish health, 2015: p. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119005568.ch1.
  • Magnadottir, B., Immunological control of fish diseases. Marine biotechnology, 2010. 12: p. 361-379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-010-9279-x.
  • Koch, A. L., Growth measurement. Methods for general and molecular microbiology, 2007: p. 172-199. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555817497.ch9.
  • Sieuwerts, S., et al., A simple and fast method for determining colony forming units. Letters in applied microbiology, 2008. 47(4): p. 275-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02417.x.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mikrobiyoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mohd Syafiq Syauqi Mohd Salim 0009-0004-6150-6336

Nur Nazifah Mansor 0000-0003-2160-4754

Muhamad Zudaidy Jaapar 0000-0002-1643-4984

Muhamad Faizal Mohd 0000-0002-3615-5851

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 21 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 5 Ocak 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Mohd Salim MSS, Mansor NN, Jaapar MZ, Mohd MF (01 Nisan 2024) Edwarsiella ictaluri: Pathogenicity and LD50 in Pangasius nasutus. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology 7 1 1–11.


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