The Use of Photosensitizers in the Production of Active Wound Dressings

Öz

Light-activated photodynamic therapy (PDT) has long been used in dermatology, carcinology, otolaryngology, gynecology, gastroenterology, urology, etc. and it’s a type of treatment that approved for various diseases. PS used in PDT is a substance that can absorb light with the suitable wavelength and form reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS shows antimicrobial activity by producing cytotoxic effects in target cells without mutagenic or genotoxic effects. In addition, microorganisms cannot develop resistance in this process. The light-induced formation of the harmful radicals such as reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS) species that are capable of killing cells depends on the intensity and the wavelength of the light and the type and amount of the PS used. It is envisaged that the concentration of these reactive species studied in the study will be adjusted by various factors so as to eliminate the internal and external microorganisms that can cause infection in the damaged tissue without causing harm to healthy tissues. Furthermore, the hydrogel dressings containing a fixed photosensitizer dye in the matrix are synthesized so as to protect the moisture balance on the wound area, to promote tissue formation, to reduce pain by cooling the wound area, to prevent the contamination of the wound while being permeable to gases and to contribute to the healing of the wound by absorbing excess liquid formed by the damaged tissue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antimicrobial
• Hydrogel
• Photodynamic Therapy
• Photosensitizer
• Wound dressing

Aktif Yara Örtülerinin Eldesinde Fotosensitizerlerin Kullanımı

Öz

Işıkla aktive olan fotodinamik tedavi (FDT), uzun zamandan beri dermatoloji, kanseroloji, kulak burun boğaz, jinekoloji, gastroenteroloji, üroloji vb. Çeşitli hastalıklar için onaylanmış bir tedavi türüdür. FDT'de kullanılan FS, uygun dalga boyunda ışığı absorblayarak reaktif oksijen türlerini (ROS) oluşturabilen bir maddedir. ROS, hedef hücrelerde mutajenik veya genotoksik etki olmadan sitotoksik etkiler üreterek antimikrobiyal aktivite göstermektedir. Ek olarak, bu süreçte mikroorganizmalar da direnç geliştiremezler. Fotosensitizör maddede bulunan kromofor gruplar spesifik dalga boyundaki ışığa maruz kalmasıyla hücreleri öldürme yeteneğine sahip olan reaktif oksijen türleri (ROS) ve reaktif azot (RNS) gibi zararlı radikallerin üretimi; ışığın dalga boyuna, şiddetine, kullanılan PS’ün miktarına ve çeşidine bağlıdır. Bu araştırmada oluşan bu reaktif türlerin konsantrasyonu çeşitli faktörler ile ayarlanarak vücut dokularına zarar vermeden hasarlı dokuda enfeksiyona neden olabilecek iç ve dış kaynaklı mikroorganizmalardan arındırması öngörülmektedir. Ayrıca fotosensitizör boyar maddenin içerisine sabitlendiği hidrojel yara örtüsünün; yaranın nem dengesini koruması, doku oluşumunu arttırıcı etki göstermesi, yarayı soğutarak acıyı azaltması, gaz geçişini optimum düzeyde tutarak ortam kaynaklı kontaminasyonu engellemesi, matriks sisteminin emici özelliği sayesinde hasarlı doku üzerindeki fazla sıvıyı emerek yaranın daha çabuk iyileşmesine katkı sağlaması gibi fiziksel özelliklere sahip olması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antimikrobiyal
• Fotodinamik Terapi
• Fotosensitizör
• Hidrojel
• Yara örtüsü

Kaynakça

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