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The Mediating Role of the Locus of Control in the Impact of Organizational Trust on Organizational Cynicism

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 133 - 158, 30.07.2022

Öz

This study aims to examine the mediating role of the locus of control in the effect of organizational trust on organizational cynicism in school organizations with latent variables, including all personnel who directly impact education and training in schools. In this study, the relational scanning model, which is one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The research started with a detailed literature review, and the information on the definitions and theories of the concepts of organizational cynicism, organizational trust, and locus of control were achieved; and a research model was created by developing hypotheses in line with this information. The data of the study were obtained from 385 participants who were selected by simple random sampling method among school personnel working in public schools. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses of the obtained data were performed using SPSS and AMOS statistical package programs. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a negative relationship between organizational trust and organizational cynicism, and locus of control has a mediator role in the relationship between organizational trust and organizational cynicism.

Kaynakça

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  • Akin, U. (2015). The relationship between organizational cynicism and trust in schools: A research on teachers. Education and Science, 40(181), 175-189.
  • Andersson, L. M. (1996). Employee cynicism: An examination using a contract violation framework. Human Relations, 49(11), 1395-1418.
  • Andersson, L. M. & Bateman, T. S. (1997). Cynicism in the workplace: Some causes and effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18(5), 449-469.
  • Arsenault, A., Dolan, S. L. & Van Ameringen, M. R. (1991). Stress and mental strain in hospital work: Exploring the relationship beyond personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12(6), 483-493. doi: 10.1002/job.4030120603
  • Arslantaş, C. & Dursun, M. (2008). The impact of ethical leadership behavior on trust in manager and psychologıcal empowerment: The mediating role of interactional justice. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 111-128.
  • Bandalos, D. L. & Finney, S. J. (2010). Factor analysis: Exploratory and confirmatory. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), The reviewer's guide to quantitative methods in the social sciences (pp. 93-114). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Bartlett, K. R. (2001). The relationship between training and organizational commitment: A study in the health care field. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 12, 335-352. doi: 10.1002/hrdq.1001
  • Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Blake, R. R. & Mouton, J. S. (1982). Consultation: A handbook for individual and organization development. Ontario: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
  • Bommer, W. H., Rich, G. A. & Rubin, R. S. (2005). Changing attitudes about change: longitudinal effects of transformational leader behaviors on employee cynicism about organizational change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(7), 733-753. doi: 10.1002/job.342
  • Brockner, J., Siegel, P. A., Daly, J., Tyler, T. & Martin, C. (1997). When trust matters: The moderating effect of outcome favorability. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(3), 558–583.
  • Brandes, P. M. (1997). “Organizational cynicism: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences”. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). The University of Cincinnati, Ohio.
  • Brandes, P., Castro, S., James, M. S. L., Martinez, A., Matherly, T., Ferris, G. & Hochwarter, W. (2008). The interactive effects of job insecurity and organizational cynicism on work effort following a layoff. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14(3), 233-240.
  • Bryk, A. S. & Schneider, B. (2002). Trust in schools: A core resource for improvement. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Carlson, N. R., Heth, D., Miller, H., Donahoe, J. & Martin, G. N. (2009). Psychology: The science of behavior. New York: Pearson.
  • Chrobot-Mason, D. L. (2003). Keeping the promise: Psychological contract violations for minority employees, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(1), 22-45.
  • Connolly, S. G. (1980). Changing expectancies: A counselling model based on locus of control. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 59(3), 176-180. doi:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1980.tb00525.x
  • Cook, J. & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfillment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53, 39-52.
  • Cutler, I. (2000). The cynical manager. Management Learning, 31(3), 295-312.
  • Daft, R. L. (2000). Management. (5th Edition). Orlando: The Dryden Press.
  • Dawis, W. D. & Gardner, W. L. (2004). Perceptions of politics and organizational cynicism: An attributional and leader-member exchange perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 439-465.
  • Dean Jr, J. W., Brandes, P. & Dharwadkar, R. (1998). Organizational cynicism. The Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 341-352.
  • Deluga, R. J. (1995). The relation between trust in the supervisor and subordinate organizational citizenship behavior. Military Psychology, 7(1), 1-16.
  • de Ridder, Jan A. (2006). Organizational communication and supportive employees. Human Resource Management Journal, 14(3), 20–30.
  • Di Fabio, A. & Saklofske, D.H. (2019). Positive relational management for sustainable development: Beyond personality traits-The contribution of emotional intelligence. Sustainability, 11(2), 330-339.
  • Diffe-Couch, P. (1984). Building a feeling of trust in the company. Supervisory Trust, 29, 26-31.
  • Dirks, K. T. & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 611.
  • Eaton, J. A. (2000). “A social motivation approach to organizational cynicism”. (Unpublished Master's thesis), Faculty of Graduate Studies, York University, Toronto.
  • Eisinger, R. M. (2000). Questioning cynicism. Society, 37(5), 55-60.
  • Fairholm, G. W. (1994). Leadership and the culture of trust. Westport, CT: Praeger.
  • Feldman, D. C. (2000). The Dilbert syndrome: How employee cynicism about ıneffective management is changing the nature of careers in organizations. American Behavioral Scientist, 43(8), 1286-1300.
  • Fink, S. L. (1992). High commitment workplaces. New York: Quorum Books.
  • Forte, A. (2005). Locus of control and the moral reasoning of managers. Journal of Business Ethics, 58, 65–77. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-1387-6
  • Gilbert, J. A. & Tang, T. L. (1998). An examination of organizational trust antecedents. Public Personnel Management, 27(3), 321-338.
  • Greenberg, J. & Baron, R. (2003). Behaviour in organizations: Understanding and managing the human side of work. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Grimes, P. W., Millea, M. J. & Woodruff, T. W. (2004). Grades-who's to blame? Student evaluation of teaching and locus of control. The Journal of Economic Education, 35(2), 129-147.
  • Guinot, J., Chiva, R. & Mallén, F. (2013). Organizational trust and performance: Is organizational learning capability a missing link? Journal of Management & Organization, 19, 559-582. doi:10.1017/jmo.2014.3
  • Güler, S. (2014). “Örgütlerde güven algılamasının örgütsel sinizm üzerine etkisi ve bir araştırma” (Unpublished Master's thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Denizli.
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  • Hoy, W. K. & Tarter, C. J. (2004). Organizational justice in schools: no justice without trust. International Journal of Educational Management, 18(4), 250-259. doi: 10.1108/09513540410538831
  • İşçi, E., Şişman, F. A. & Bektaş, G. (2013). A research on the relationship between personnel empowerment and organizational cynicism. Management, 3(5), 252-258.
  • James, M. S. (2005). “Antecedents and consequences of cynicism in organizations: An examination of the potential positive and negative effects on school systems” (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). The Florida State University College of Business, Florida.
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Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 133 - 158, 30.07.2022

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abraham, R. (2000). Organizational cynicism: Cases and consequences. Generic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 126(3), 269-297.
  • Akin, U. (2015). The relationship between organizational cynicism and trust in schools: A research on teachers. Education and Science, 40(181), 175-189.
  • Andersson, L. M. (1996). Employee cynicism: An examination using a contract violation framework. Human Relations, 49(11), 1395-1418.
  • Andersson, L. M. & Bateman, T. S. (1997). Cynicism in the workplace: Some causes and effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18(5), 449-469.
  • Arsenault, A., Dolan, S. L. & Van Ameringen, M. R. (1991). Stress and mental strain in hospital work: Exploring the relationship beyond personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12(6), 483-493. doi: 10.1002/job.4030120603
  • Arslantaş, C. & Dursun, M. (2008). The impact of ethical leadership behavior on trust in manager and psychologıcal empowerment: The mediating role of interactional justice. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 111-128.
  • Bandalos, D. L. & Finney, S. J. (2010). Factor analysis: Exploratory and confirmatory. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), The reviewer's guide to quantitative methods in the social sciences (pp. 93-114). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Bartlett, K. R. (2001). The relationship between training and organizational commitment: A study in the health care field. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 12, 335-352. doi: 10.1002/hrdq.1001
  • Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Blake, R. R. & Mouton, J. S. (1982). Consultation: A handbook for individual and organization development. Ontario: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
  • Bommer, W. H., Rich, G. A. & Rubin, R. S. (2005). Changing attitudes about change: longitudinal effects of transformational leader behaviors on employee cynicism about organizational change. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(7), 733-753. doi: 10.1002/job.342
  • Brockner, J., Siegel, P. A., Daly, J., Tyler, T. & Martin, C. (1997). When trust matters: The moderating effect of outcome favorability. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(3), 558–583.
  • Brandes, P. M. (1997). “Organizational cynicism: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences”. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). The University of Cincinnati, Ohio.
  • Brandes, P., Castro, S., James, M. S. L., Martinez, A., Matherly, T., Ferris, G. & Hochwarter, W. (2008). The interactive effects of job insecurity and organizational cynicism on work effort following a layoff. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14(3), 233-240.
  • Bryk, A. S. & Schneider, B. (2002). Trust in schools: A core resource for improvement. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Carlson, N. R., Heth, D., Miller, H., Donahoe, J. & Martin, G. N. (2009). Psychology: The science of behavior. New York: Pearson.
  • Chrobot-Mason, D. L. (2003). Keeping the promise: Psychological contract violations for minority employees, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(1), 22-45.
  • Connolly, S. G. (1980). Changing expectancies: A counselling model based on locus of control. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 59(3), 176-180. doi:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1980.tb00525.x
  • Cook, J. & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfillment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53, 39-52.
  • Cutler, I. (2000). The cynical manager. Management Learning, 31(3), 295-312.
  • Daft, R. L. (2000). Management. (5th Edition). Orlando: The Dryden Press.
  • Dawis, W. D. & Gardner, W. L. (2004). Perceptions of politics and organizational cynicism: An attributional and leader-member exchange perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 439-465.
  • Dean Jr, J. W., Brandes, P. & Dharwadkar, R. (1998). Organizational cynicism. The Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 341-352.
  • Deluga, R. J. (1995). The relation between trust in the supervisor and subordinate organizational citizenship behavior. Military Psychology, 7(1), 1-16.
  • de Ridder, Jan A. (2006). Organizational communication and supportive employees. Human Resource Management Journal, 14(3), 20–30.
  • Di Fabio, A. & Saklofske, D.H. (2019). Positive relational management for sustainable development: Beyond personality traits-The contribution of emotional intelligence. Sustainability, 11(2), 330-339.
  • Diffe-Couch, P. (1984). Building a feeling of trust in the company. Supervisory Trust, 29, 26-31.
  • Dirks, K. T. & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 611.
  • Eaton, J. A. (2000). “A social motivation approach to organizational cynicism”. (Unpublished Master's thesis), Faculty of Graduate Studies, York University, Toronto.
  • Eisinger, R. M. (2000). Questioning cynicism. Society, 37(5), 55-60.
  • Fairholm, G. W. (1994). Leadership and the culture of trust. Westport, CT: Praeger.
  • Feldman, D. C. (2000). The Dilbert syndrome: How employee cynicism about ıneffective management is changing the nature of careers in organizations. American Behavioral Scientist, 43(8), 1286-1300.
  • Fink, S. L. (1992). High commitment workplaces. New York: Quorum Books.
  • Forte, A. (2005). Locus of control and the moral reasoning of managers. Journal of Business Ethics, 58, 65–77. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-1387-6
  • Gilbert, J. A. & Tang, T. L. (1998). An examination of organizational trust antecedents. Public Personnel Management, 27(3), 321-338.
  • Greenberg, J. & Baron, R. (2003). Behaviour in organizations: Understanding and managing the human side of work. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Grimes, P. W., Millea, M. J. & Woodruff, T. W. (2004). Grades-who's to blame? Student evaluation of teaching and locus of control. The Journal of Economic Education, 35(2), 129-147.
  • Guinot, J., Chiva, R. & Mallén, F. (2013). Organizational trust and performance: Is organizational learning capability a missing link? Journal of Management & Organization, 19, 559-582. doi:10.1017/jmo.2014.3
  • Güler, S. (2014). “Örgütlerde güven algılamasının örgütsel sinizm üzerine etkisi ve bir araştırma” (Unpublished Master's thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Denizli.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Hox, J. J. & Bechger, T. M. (1998). An introduction to structural equation modeling. Family Science Review, 11, 354-373.
  • Hoy, W. K. & Tarter, C. J. (2004). Organizational justice in schools: no justice without trust. International Journal of Educational Management, 18(4), 250-259. doi: 10.1108/09513540410538831
  • İşçi, E., Şişman, F. A. & Bektaş, G. (2013). A research on the relationship between personnel empowerment and organizational cynicism. Management, 3(5), 252-258.
  • James, M. S. (2005). “Antecedents and consequences of cynicism in organizations: An examination of the potential positive and negative effects on school systems” (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). The Florida State University College of Business, Florida.
  • Johnson, J. L. & O'Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2003). The effects of psychological contract breach and organizational cynicism: Not all social exchange violations are created equal. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 627-647.
  • Jordan, M., Schraeder, M., Feild, H. S. & Armenakis, A. A. (2007). Organizational citizenship behavior, job attitudes, and the psychological contract. Military Psychology, 19(4), 259-271. doi:10.1080/08995600701548122
  • Kanovsky, M. A. & Pugh, S. D. (1994). Citizenship behavior and social exchange. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 656-669.
  • Kanter, D. L. & Mirvis, P. H. (1989). The cynical Americans: Living and working in an age of discontent and disillusion. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Karadag, E., Kilicoglu, G. & Yilmaz, D. (2014). Organizational cynicism, school culture, and academic achievement: the study of structural equation modeling. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(1), 102-113.
  • Karfakis, N. & Kokkinidis, G. (2011). Rethinking cynicism: Parrhesiastic practices in contemporary workplaces. Culture and Organization, 17(4), 329-345.
  • Klein, J. & Wasserstein-Warnet, M. (1999). Predictive validity of the locus of control test in selection of school administrators. Journal of Educational Administration, 38(1), 7-24. doi:10.1108/09578230010310 957
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Kruglanski, A. W. (1989). Lay epistemics and human knowledge: Cognitive and motivational bases. New York, NY: Plenum.
  • Landy, F. J. & Conte, J. M. (2004). Work in the 21st century: An introduction to industrial & organizational psychology. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
  • Laursen, J. C. (2009). Cynicism then and now. European Journal of Philosophy and Public Debate, 1(2), 469-482.
  • Leedy, P. D. & Ormrod, J. E. (2015). Practical research. Planning and design (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • Levent, F. & Keser, S. (2016). Examining the organizational cynicism among teachers at schools a mixed methods study. Educational Research and Reviews, 11(21), 2009-2020.
  • Lewicki, R., McAllister, D. & Bies, R. (1998). Trust and distrust: New relationships and realities. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 438-458.
  • Louis, K. S. (2007). Trust and improvement in schools. Journal of Educational Change, 8, 1-24.
  • Luck, E. G. (1997). Die Weisheit der Hunde: Texte der antiken Kyniker. Stuttgart: Kröner.
  • Martin, R., Thomas, G., Charles, C., Epitropaki, O. & McNamara, R. (2005). The role of leader-member exchanges in mediating the relationship between locus of control & work reactions. Journal of Organisational & Occupational Psychology, 78, 141-147. doi:10.1348/096317904X23763
  • Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H. & Schoorman, D. F. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20, 709–734.
  • Morgan, R. M. & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58, 20-38.
  • Mishra, J. & Morrissey, M. A. (1990). Trust in employee/employer relationships: A survey of West Michigan Managers. Public Personnel Management, 19(4), 443-485.
  • Mishra, A. K. (1996). Organizational response to crisis: The centrality of trust. In R. M. Kramer & T. R. Tyler (Eds.). Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research (pp. 261-287), Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
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  • Nicholson, R. M., Leiter, M. P. & Laschinger, K. S. (2014). Predicting cynicism as a function of trust and civility: a longitudinal analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(8), 974-983.
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  • Owen, H., Hodgson, V. & Gazzard, N. (2004). The leadership manual: Your complete practical guide to effective leadership. London: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Paul, M. F. (1982). Power, leadership and trust: implications for counselors in terms of organizational change. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 60(9), 538-541.
  • Pillai, R., Schriesheim, C. A. & Williams, E. S. (1999). Fairness perceptions and trust as mediators for transformational and transactional leadership: A two-sample study. Journal of Management, 25(6), 897-933.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H. & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leaders behavior and their effects on followers’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107–142.
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  • Seligman, A. B. (1997). The problem of trust. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Simons, T., Friedman, R., Liu, L. A. & McLean Parks, J. (2007). Racial differences in sensitivity to behavioral integrity: Attitudinal consequences, in-group effects, and “Trickle Down” among black and non-black employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 650-665.
  • Sonnenberg, F. K. (1994). Managing with a conscience: How to improve performance through integrity, trust and commitment. New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Stanley, D. J., Meyer, J. P. & Topolnytsky, L. (2005). Employee cynicism and resistance to organizational change. Journal of Business and Psychology, 19(4), 429-459. doi:10.1007/s10869-005-4518-2
  • Stein, C. M., Morris, N. J. & Nock, N. L. (2012). Structural equation modeling. In: Elston, R., Satagopan, J., Sun, S. (eds) Statistical human genetics: Methods and protocols, (pp. 495-512), New York, NY: Springer Science-Business Media.
  • Stevenson, W. B. & Gilly, M. C. (1991). Information processing and problem solving: The migration of problems through formal positions and networks of ties. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 918-928.
  • Tan, H. & Lim, A. (2009). Trust in co-workers and trust in organizations. The Journal of Psychology, 143(1), 45–66.
  • Thomas, G. F., Zolin, R. & Hartman, J. L. (2009). The central role of communication in developing trust and its effect on employee involvement. Journal of Business Communication, 46(3), 287-310.
  • Tschannen-Moran, M. & Hoy, W. (1998). Trust in schools: A conceptual and empirical analysis. Journal of Educational Administration, 36(4), 334-352.
  • Tschannen-Moran, M. (2001). Collaboration and the need for trust. Journal of Educational Administration, 39(4), 308-331.
  • Turner, J. H. & Valentine, S. R. (2001). Cynicism as a fundamental dimension of moral decision-making: A scale development. Journal of Business Ethics, 34, 123-136. doi:10.1023/A:1012268705059
  • Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E. & Austin, J. T. (2000). Cynicism about organizational change measurement, antecedents, and correlates. Group and Organizational Management, 25(2), 132-153.
  • Welch, M. R., Rivera, R. E. N., Conway, B. P., Yonkoski, J., Lupton, P. M. & Giancola, R. (2005). Determinants and consequences of social trust. Sociological Inquiry, 75(4), 453-473.
  • Vice, S. (2011). Cynicism and morality. Ethic Theory Moral Prac, 14, 169-184.
  • Vidotto, G., Massidda, D., Noventa, S. & Vicentini, M. (2012). Trusting beliefs: A functional measurement study. Psicológica, 33(3), 575-590.
Toplam 100 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Muhammet Bahadır Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-9649-8349

A. Faruk Levent Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3429-6666

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bahadır, M., & Levent, A. F. (2022). The Mediating Role of the Locus of Control in the Impact of Organizational Trust on Organizational Cynicism. International Journal of Modern Education Studies, 6(1), 133-158.