3E Analysis of a Hybrid Biomass / Solar System for Power Generation and Desalination

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 17 - 28, 01.03.2025

Elisangela Leal , E. A. Teixeira

Abstract

The study addresses global energy challenges by proposing a hybrid biomass and solar energy system for power generation and water desalination. A model is applied to two cities in Northeast Brazil (Natal-RN and Fortaleza-CE), targeting urban centers with waste and sunny coastal regions. Key variables include residue composition, heating value, and quantity, essential for energy efficiency assessment. Energy, exergy, and economic (3E) analyses using Scilab software compare four configurations: the base Rankine cycle, Rankine with an external superheater (ESH), Rankine with concentrated solar power (CSP), and Rankine with CSP integrated with desalination. Results show that higher pressures and temperatures enhance efficiency, reducing solar field area by 16% when pressure and temperature increase from 4.5 MPa/400°C to 6.5 MPa/500°C. Fortaleza-CE, with higher solar irradiation, requires smaller solar fields than Natal-RN. Integrating desalination into CSP cycles increases Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) by up to 7.6% and solar field area due to higher energy demands but provides potable water, with water recovery rates around 10% of seawater input. The findings underscore the importance of optimizing operating conditions and leveraging local solar resources to maximize socio-economic benefits.

Keywords

Hybrid System, Biomass, Solar Energy, Power Generation, Desalination

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