Determination of Optimum Fixed and Adjustable Tilt Angles for Solar Collectors by Using Typical Meteorological Year Data for Turkey

Abstract

In this paper the possible optimum fixed and adjustable tilt angles for solar collectors are determined by using Yypical Meteorological Data set for nine main provinces of Turkey. the tilt angle types considered in this paper are monthly adjustment, seasonal adjustment, semi annual adjustment, optimum fixed angle and an angle equals to the latitude of the area. as a result of this paper it has been obseved that up to 6.9 % more solar radiation can be collected by using a monthly adjustment of collectors in comparison with latitude tilt angles. The optimum angles have found to range from a minimum of 2 degrees up to 57 degrees. the seasonal adjustment angles have been found to be between 9 and 48 degrees. the semi annual angles are from 18 to 28 degrees less than the latitude of the area.

Keywords

• Solar radiation; Tilt angle; Typical Meteorological Year; Optimum; latitude

Kaynakça

1. A. Adell, “Determination of the optimum inclination of a flat solar collector in function of latitude and local climatic data”, revue phys. Appl. 17, pp. 569 -576, September 1982.
2. A. Khaligh and O.C.Onar, Energy Harvesting, Taylor and Francis Group: CRC press, 2010, pp.1
3. A. K. Yadav and S.S.Chandel, “Tilt angle optimization to maximize incident solar radiation: A Review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 23, pp. 503 – 514, 2013.
4. A. Shariah, M.A Al-Akhras, I.A. Al-Omari ,“Optimizing the tilt angle of solar collectors”, Renewable Energy 26 , pp 587 - 597, 2001.
5. JA. Duffie, WA. Beckham, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, 4th ed., Wiley, 2013, pp. 113- 114, 11 – 40.
6. MJ Ahmad and GN. Tiwari, “Optimization of Tilt Angle for Solar Collector to Receive Maximum Radiation”, The Open Renewable Energy Journal, vol. 2, pp. 19 – 24, 2009.
7. NREL/TP-581-43156, Users Manual for TMY3 Data Sets, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2008.
8. R. Foster, M. Ghassemi and A. Costa, Solar Energy, Taylor and Francis Group: CRC Press, 2010, pp. 1.

9. S. A. Keshavarz, P. Talebizadeh, S. Adalatia, M. A. Mehrabian, and M. Abdolzadeh , “Optimal Slope- Angles to Determine Maximum Solar Energy Gain for Solar Collectors Used in Iran”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Resource, vol. 2, pp. 665 – 673, 2012.