Production of Biodiesel From Nigerian Restaurant Waste Cooking Oil Using Blender

Abstract

Cost of biodiesel produced from virgin vegetable oil through transesterification is higher than that of diesel fuel and cost associated with conventional technique (batch reactor) is enormous. To minimize the cost, waste cooking oil and domestic blender, which was modified as reactor was explored as feedstock and reactor respectively. Laboratory scale quantities of methyl ester of WCO (MEWCO) were synthesized and characterized as diesel fuel. KOH was employed to catalyse the transesterification process of WCO with methanol using 100g WCO, 22,0g methanol, 1.0% KOH at 60oC reaction temperature and 60 minutes reaction time. The process was replicated and average results evaluated. A moderately high yield (96.6 0.45 wt. %) of WCOME was obtained under classic reaction condition. The fuel properties of WCOME measured were found to fulfil both ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel standards. In addition, the fuel properties were analogous to other waste cooking oil methyl ester produced by other researchers using conventional techniques/ reactors. This confirms suitability of the blender modified as a reactor for domestic production of biodiesel from restaurant waste cooking oil.  

Keywords

• Transesterification, Waste cooking oil, Characterization, Flash point, Biodiesel

Kaynakça

1. BB C New article. Child cancer exhaust fumes, 10 August, 2005
2. P.V. Amish, N. Subrashisubrahmanyam and A.P. Payal, “Production of biodiesel through transesterification of jatropha oil using KNO3/ Al2O3”, Fuel, pp. 625-628, A. Mushtaq, R. Sofia, A.K. Mir, Z. Muhammad, S. Shazia and G. Sobia, “Optimization of base catalyzed transesterification of peanut oil biodiesel”, African Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 441-446, F. Ma and M.A. Hanna, “Biodiesel production: a review”. Bioresour Technol., vol. 70, pp. 1–15, 1999.
3. Y. Zhang, M.A. Dube, D.D. McLean and M. Kates “Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 2. Economic assessment and sensitivity analysis”. Bioresour Technol., vol.90, pp.229-40, 2003.
4. S. Lele, “Biodiesel in India”, Res. J-22, Sector 7, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, 400703, India.www.yahoo.com, 2004.
5. V. Lertsathapornsuk, R. Pairintra, K. Aryusuk and K. Krisnangkura, “Microwave assisted in continuous biodiesel production from waste frying oil and its performance in a 100kW Diesel generator”, Fuel Processing Technology,vol.89, pp.1330- 1336, 2008.
6. O.J. Alamu, M.A. Waheed and S.O. Jekayinfa, “Alkali- catalysed laboratory production and testing of biodiesel fuel from Nigerian palm kernel oil”, Agricultural Engineering Manuscript Number EE 07009. Vol. IX, 2007a. the CIGR Ejournal
7. P. Chitra, P. Venkatachalam and A. Sampathrajan, “Optimization of experimental conditions for biodiesel production from alkali- catalysed transesterification of jatropha Development, Vol.IX, pp.13-18, 2007. Energy for Sustainable
8. S.O Giwa, L.A. Chuah and N.M. Adam, “Investigating “Egusi” (Citrullus Colocynthis L.) Seed Oil as Potential Biodiesel Feedstock”, Energies, Vol. 3, pp. 607-18, 2010.

9. G. Knothe, S.C. Cermak and R.L Evangelista, “Cuphea Oil as Source of Biodiesel with Improved Fuel Properties Caused by High Content of Methyl Decanoate”, Energy and fuels, Vol. 23, pp.1743-47, 2009
10. B.R. Moser, G. Knothe, S.F. Vaughn and T.A Isbell, “Production and evaluation of biodiesel from field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) oil” Energy and fuels, Vol. 23, pp. 4149-55, 2009
11. O.J. Alamu, M.A. Waheed and S.O. Jekayinfa, “Biodiesel production from Nigerian palm kernel oil: effect of KOH concentration yield”, Energy for Sustainable Development, Volume XI No. 3, September b. A.N. Phan and T.M. Phan, “Biodiesel production from waste cooking oils”, Fuel, Vol.87,pp. 3490–3496,
12. J.M. Encinar, J.F. González, and A. Rodríguez- Reinares, “Biodiesel from used frying oil. Variables affecting the yields characteristics of the biodiesel”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 44, pp. 5491–5499, 2005.
13. M.I. Al- Widyan, and A.O. Al- Shyoukh, “Experimental evaluation of the transesterification of waste palm oil into biodiesel”, Bioresour-technol, Vol.85, pp. 253-256, 2003.
14. Moser, B. R, “Biodiesel production, properties, and feedstock”, In vitro cell dev. Biological plant, Vol.45, pp. 226, 2000.
15. U. Rashid, F. Anwar and M. Arif, “Optimization of base catalytic methanolysis of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil for biodiesel production by using response surface methodology”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 48, pp. 1719-26, 2009.
16. N. Usta, “Use of tobacco seed oil methyl ester in a turbocharged indirect injection diesel engine”, Biomass and bioenergy, Vol. 28, pp.77-86, 2005.