The Kinetic Model of Calcination and Carbonation of Anadara Granosa

Abstract

Utilization of calcium-based adsorbent in carbon dioxide (CO2) separation from the gas stream through the calcination and carbonation process is extensively applied in the gas purification process, especially at the elevated reaction temperature. Typically, natural calcium carbonates (CaCO3) such as the limestone, magnesite and dolomite are widely consumed in the process due to their low cost and large abundance of these materials. However, in this research study, the potential of waste cockle shell as the CaCO3 sources were investigated. The main objectives of the work are to examine the influence of the process variables such as heating rate, particle size, temperature and residence time on the calcination rate. Therefore, Arrhenius equation was used to explain the process reactivity. The calcination process were carried out for various particles sizes (<0.125-4.00 mm), calcination temperatures (750-950oC), heating rate (10-50oC/min) and also the calcination duration time (30-60 min). Using zero order reaction, the activation energy (Ea) and also the pre-exponential factor (A) were determined. In addition, the effect of temperature (500-850oC) on carbonation reaction was also studied. Based on the kinetic analysis, it proves that the resistivity towards the diffusion process is significant in carbonation as compared to chemical reaction at the surface.

Keywords

• Arrhenius plots; calcination; cockle shell; kinetic analysis; regression analysis

Kaynakça

1. A.J. Awang-Hazmi, A.B.Z. Zuki, M.M. Noordin, A. Jalila, and Y. Norimah, “Mineral composition of the cockle (Anadara granosa) shells of West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia and its potential as biomaterials for use in bone repair”, J. Anim. Vet. Adv, vol. 6 , pp. 591- , 2007.
2. M. Mustakimah, and S. Yusup , “Decomposition study of calcium carbonate in cockle shell”, World Engineering Congress 2010, Sarawak, pp. 16-22, 2 -5 August 2010.
3. R.W. Hughes, D. Lu, E.J. Anthony, and Y. Wu, “Improved long-term conversion of limestone-derived sorbents for in situ capture of CO2 in a fluidized bed combustor”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 43, pp. 5529- , August 2004.
4. C. Yan, J.R. Grace, and C.J. Lim, “Effects of rapid calcination on properties of calcium-based sorbents”, Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 91, pp. 1678-1686, November 2010.
5. M. Samtani, D. Dollimore, and K.S. Alexander, “Comparison of dolomite decomposition kinetics with related carbonates and the effect of procedural variables on its kinetic parameters”, Thermochimic. Acta., vol. 393, pp. 135-145, September 2002.
6. D.K. Lee, "An apparent kinetic model for the carbonation of calcium oxide by carbon dioxide", Chem. Eng. J., vol. , pp. 71-77, July 2004.
7. R.H. Borgwardt, “Calcination kinetics and surface area of dispersed limestone particles”, AIChE J., vol. 31, pp. 111, January 1985.
8. Z. Ye, W. Wang, Q. Zhong, and I. Bjerle, “High temperature desulfurization using fine sorbent particles under boiler injection conditions”, Fuel, vol. 74, pp. 743- , May 1995.

9. M. Hassibi, “An overview of lime slaking and factors that affect the process”, 3rd International Sorbalit Symposium, New Orleans, pp. 1-20, 3-5 November 1999.
10. P. Sun, J.R. Grace, C.J. Lim, and E.J. Anthony, “Determination of intrinsic rate constant of the CaO- CO2 reaction", Chem. Eng. Science, vol. 63, pp. 47-56, January 2008.
11. H.T. Kim, and H.B. Kwon, “Kinetic study of limestone calcination and sulfation reaction under AFBC environment”, Environ. Eng. Res. , vol. 3, pp. 105-113, May 1998.
12. B. Li, X. Wang, M. Yan, and L. Li, “Preparation and characterization of nano-TiO2 powder,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 78, pp. 184-188, February 2003.
13. Telfer M, Zhong Z, Xu Y, Li D, Zhang M, and Zhang D.K, “An experimental study of calcination of South Australian Caroline limestone”, Dev. Chem. Eng. Mineral Process., vol. 8, pp. 245-267, 2000.
14. B.B. Sakadjian, M.V. Iyer, H. Gupta, and L. Fan, “Kinetics and structural characterization of calcium-based sorbents calcined under subatmospheric conditions for the high-temperature CO2 capture process”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 46, pp. 35-42, 2007.
15. A. van de Runstraat, J. van Grondelle, and R.A. van Santen, “On the temperature dependence of the Arrhenius activation energy for hydroisomerization catalyzed by Pt/Mordenite”, J.Catal., vol. 167, pp. 460-463, April J.O. Jaber, and S.D. Probert, “Non-isothermal thermogravimetry and decomposition kinetics of two Jordanian conditions”, Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 63, pp. 57-70, under March 2000. different processing
16. N. Wang, and Q. Qi, “Study on thermal decomposition mechanism and influencing factors of calcium-base desulfurizer,” 2011 5th International Conference Bioinformatics on and Biomedical and E.J. Anthony, “Long-term
17. P. Sun, C.J. Lim, and J.R. Grace, “Cyclic CO2 capture by limestone-derived sorbent during prolonged calcination/carbonation cycling”, AIChE J., vol. 54, pp. 1677, June 2008.
18. P. Sun, J.R. Grace, C.J. Lim, and E.J. Anthony, “The effect of CaO sintering on cyclic CO2 capture in energy systems,” AIChE J., vol. 53, pp. 2432-2442, September 2007.
19. H.A. Long, and T. Wang, “Case studies for Biomass/coal co-gasification in IGCC applications”, ASME Turbo Expo 2011, Vancouver, pp. 1-15, 6-10 June
20. P. Aghalayam, J. Baretto, A. Ganesh, and S. Kauchali, “Pyrolysis of sawdust-lignite blends”, 25th International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, Pittsburg, 29 September - 2 October 2008.
21. H. Gupta, and L. Fan, Carbonation-calcination cycle using high reactivity calcium oxide for carbon dioxide separation from flue gas. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 41, pp. 4035-4042, July 2002.