Annual Performance of Solar Modules With Tilting Angle Facing South and Sun Tracking in Tanta, Egypt

Abstract

AbstractIn this study, the performances of three modules have been determined. The measured data of the three photovoltaic modules (50W and 17W), such as their Voc, Isc, Tamb, Tmav and global solar radiation on horizontal surfaces have been investigated for studying of the performance of these solar modules. These measurements have been carried out at the top of the Faculty of Science, Tanta University, of Latitude () during the period (March2008–February2009).  ηm, FF, Rs and Rp for these modules have been calculated. Also, the hourly solar radiation values It on the three modules with tilting angle 30.68o facing south have been calculated from the global solar radiation on horizontal surfaces.  Good performance results have been obtained for the position of sun tracking rather than facing south in most cases.

Keywords

• Annual Performance, efficiency, photovoltaic modules, fill factor, shunt resistance, series resistance, tilting angle, sun tracking, and facing south.

Kaynakça

1. Rienhard. H. The value of photovoltaic electricity for society. Solar Energy 1995; 54(1):25-31.
2. Aratani F. The present status and future direction of technology development for photovoltaic power generation in Japan, Progr Photovoltaics-Res Appl 2005; 13: 463-70.
3. Green M A. Recent developments in photovoltaics. Solar Energy 2004; 76:3-8.
4. Breeze AJ, Schlesinger Z, Carter SA, Tillmann H, Horhold HH. Improving power efficiencies in polymer-polymer blend photovoltaics. Solar Energy Mater Solar Cells 2004; 83(2-3): 263-71.
5. Nierengarten JF, Fullerene-(- conjugated oligomer) dyads as active photovoltaic materials. Solar Energy Mater Solar Cells 2004; 83(2-3):187-99.
6. Fanney AH, Dougherty, BH. Building integrated photovoltaic test-facility. J. Solar Energy Eng 2001; 123(2): 194-9. [7] Ahmad GE, Hussien HMS, El-Gheany HH Theoretical analysis and experimental verification of PV modules. Renew Energy 2003; 28: 1159-68.
7. Duke R, Williams R, Payne A. Accelerating residential PV expansion: demand analysis for competitive electricity markets. Energy Policy 2005;33 1912-29.
8. Martin AG. Price/efficiency correlations for 2004 photovoltaics modules. Progr Photovoltaics –Res Appl 2005; 13:85-7.

9. Celik AN. A simplified model based on clearness index for estimating yearly performance of hybrid PV energy systems. Progr Photovoltaics –Res Appl 2002; 10: 545-54.
10. Durisch W, Tille D, Worz A, Plapp W. Characterization of photovoltaic generators. Applied Energy 2000; 65:273-84.
11. Richard C. Neville, Solar Energy Conversion, ELSEVIER, 1995.
12. K.O. Ogunjobi, Y.J. Kim, Z. He, Influence of the total atmospheric optical depth and cloud cover on solar irradiance components, Atmospheric Research 70 (2004) 209–227.
13. A. Goetzberger and V.U. Hoffmann, Photovoltaic Solar Energy Generation, Springer, 2005.
14. Gilbert M. Masters, Renewable and EfŞcient Electric Power Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey (2004).
15. Planning and Installing Photovoltaic Systems, A guide for installers, architects and engineers, earth scan, London. Sterling, VA. 2008.
16. Wei Zhou, Hongxing Yang and Zhaohong Fang, A novel model for photovoltaic array performance prediction, Applied Energy 84, 1187–1198 (2007).
17. C. Carrero, J. Rodrıguez, D. Ramirez, C. Platero, Simple estimation of PV modules loss resistances for low error modeling, Renewable Energy 35 (2010) 1103–1108.
18. A. Ibrahim, Effect of shadow and dust on the performance of silicon solar cell", J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 1(3)222-230, 2011.