Investigation yield and energy balances for biogas production from cow and poultry manure

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 312 - 320, 01.06.2014

Hadi Afazeli Ali Jafari Shahin Rafiee Mohsen Nosrati Fatemeh Almasi

Öz

Today the energy dilemma is one of the most serious problems of the world, particularly in the developing countries. The idea of using renewable and local energy sources is a new solution suggested to get rid of the dilemma. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of loading rate, temperature, stirrer, both single and co-digestion of feedstock on biogas function and energy efficiency ratio. In this study we used an industrial scale anaerobic digester (capacity: 925 lit.) with the retention time of 12 days. Tests were performed in 24 various treatments. Results gained from feeding the digester with the cow dung in 35°C through different loading rates with and without stirrer showed that the highest rate of biogas was developed in loading rate of 1/4 along with a stirrer. Likewise, results gained from various feeding processes with the loading rate of 1/4 showed that the highest biogas amount produced by treatment I2 (36-40°C, with the stirrer), with about 950 lit/day, and the most efficient energy rate was developed through treatment J2 (36-40°C, with the stirrer), with about 3.9 MJ. Feeding the digester with both cow dungs and poultry droppings (ratio: 1:2) in the mesophyll temperature using a stirrer with the loading rate of 1/4 is the best mode for producing biogas in terms of both energy efficiency ratio and a sustainable biogas production record.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anaerobic digester, Biogas, Energy efficiency, loading rates

Kaynakça

• S. Astani, '' Bioenergy benefits and functions," First Congress of Bioenergy in Iran. (2010). (In Persian)
• [2] M. Sedaghat Hoseini, M. Almasi, S. Minaei, and M. Borghei, "Design of Energy Recovery in industrial production of eggs," in National Congress of Agricultural Mechanization, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, (2008). (In Persian) Engineering and
• [3] A. Ghardashi, A. Adl, and M. Adl," Anaerobic digestion of solid waste: a new method for putrescible solid waste disposal and energy production," J. Energy. 6(12) (2001). (In Persian)
• [4] A. Marandi, "Investigate the possibility of using biogas in Iran," in National Energy Conference, (1998). (In Persian)
• [5] SA. Hatirli, B. Ozkan, And C. Fert, "An econometric analysis of energy input-output in Turkish agriculture," Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 9, 608-23 (2005).
• [6] M. Meul, F. Nevens, D. Reheul, and G. Hofman. "Energy Use Efficiency of Specialised Dairy, Arable and Pig Farms in Flanders," Agric., Ecosyst. Environ. 119(1), 135-144 (2007).
• [7] T. Dalgaard, N. Halberg, and J.R. Porter. "A Model for Fossil Energy Use in Danish Agriculture Used to Compare Organic and Conventional Farming," Agric., Ecosyst. Environ. 87(1), 51-65 (2001).
• [8] P. Sefeedpari, S. Rafiee, and A. Akram. "Providing Electricity Requirements by Biogas Production and Its Environmental Benefit in Sample Dairy Farms of Iran," IJRER 2(3), 384-387 (2012).
• [9] S. Pishgar-Komleh, P. Sefeedpari, and M. Ghahderijani. "Exploring Energy Consumption and Co2 Emission of Cotton Production in Iran," J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 4, 033115 (2012).
• [10] S. Rafiee, S. H. Mousavi-Avval, A. Mohammadi, “Modeling and sensitivity analysis of energy inputs for apple production in Iran,” Energy 35(8), 3301–3306 (2010).
• [11] P. Sefeedpari, M. Ghahderijani, and S. Pishgar- Komleh. "Assessment the Effect of Wheat Farm Sizes on Energy Consumption and Co2 Emission," J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 5, 023131 (2013).
• [12] H. Bouallagui, R. Ben Cheikh, L. Marouani, and M. Hamdi. "Mesophilic Biogas Production from Fruit and Vegetable Waste in a Tubular Digester," Bioresource Technol 86(1), 85-89 (2003).
• [13] U. Zaher, D.-Y. Cheong, B. Wu, and S. Chen. "Producing Energy and Fertilizer from Organic Municipal Solid Waste," Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University (2007).
• [14] S. Pommier, D. Chenu, M. Quintard, and X. Lefebvre. "A Logistic Model for the Prediction of the Influence of Water on the Solid Waste Methanization in Landfills," Biotechnol. Bioeng 97(3), 473-482 (2007).
• [15] V. Vavilin, L. Lokshina, X. Flotats, and I. Angelidaki. "Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Material: Multidimensional Reactor with Non‐Uniform Influent Concentration Distributions," Biotechnol. Bioeng 97(2), 354-366 (2007). of Continuous‐Flow
• [16] A. Buekens. "Energy Recovery from Residual Waste Technologies." In Conference “The future of residual waste management in Europe, 17-18 (2005). Digestion
• [17] P.G. Stroot, K.D. McMahon, R.I. Mackie, and L. Raskin. "Anaerobic Codigestion of Municipal Solid Waste Conditions—I. Digester Performance," Water Res 35(7), 1804-1816 (2001). under Various Mixing
• [18] J.P. Juanga. "Optimizing Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste." Asian Institute of Technology, (2005).
• [19] C. Wang, C. Chang, C. Chu, D. Lee, B.-V. Chang, C. Liao, and J. Tay. "Using Filtrate of Waste Biosolids to Effectively Produce Bio-Hydrogen by Anaerobic Fermentation," Water Res 37(11), 2789-2793 (2003).
• [20] T. Sreekrishnan, S. Kohli, and V. Rana. "Enhancement of Biogas Production from Solid Substrates Using Different Techniques––a Review," Bioresource Technol 95(1), 1-10 (2004).
• [21] K. Chae, A. Jang, S. Yim, and I.S. Kim. "The Effects of Digestion Temperature and Temperature Shock on the Biogas Yields from the Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Manure," Bioresource Technol 99(1), 1-6 (2008).
• [22] M. Berglund, and P. Börjesson. "Assessment of Energy Performance in the Life-Cycle of Biogas Production," Biomass Bioenergy 30(3), 254-266 (2006).
• [23] T. Prade, S.-E. Svensson, and J.E. Mattsson. "Energy Balances for Biogas and Solid Biofuel Production from Industrial Hemp," Biomass Bioenergy 40, 36-52 (2012).
• [24] M. Pöschl, S. Ward, and P. Owende. "Evaluation of Energy Efficiency of Various Biogas Production and Utilization Pathways," Appl Energ 87(11), 3305-3321 (2010).
• [25] O. Kitani, CIGR Handbook of Agricultural Engineering: Energy and Biomass Engineering (ASAE Publication, St. Joseph, MI., 1999), p. 330.
• [26] B. Ozkan, H. Akcaoz, and C. Fert, “Energy input- output analysis in Turkish agriculture,” Renewable Energy 29, 39–51 (2004).
• [27] B. Ozkan, H. Akc¸aoz, and F. Karadeniz, “Energy requirement and economic analysis of citrus production in Turkey,” Energy Convers. Manage. 45, 1821–1830 (2004).