Control Management Strategy of Stand-Alone Hybrid Power Micro-System Using Super-Capacitor

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 210 - 223, 01.03.2014

Randa Kallel Ghada Boukettaya Lotfi Krichen

Öz

This paper concerns the power management of an isolated hybrid micro-system for residential electricity supply, comprising a variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) and a photovoltaic (PV) panel as principal sources. A supercapacitor (SC) bank is considered as a storage system. These sources are connected to a three-phase load via a unidirectional inverter and an RLC filter. Taking into account the fluctuating nature of renewable sources and the variation of the required power, a diesel engine which is considered as a backup source and a dump load which is regarded as an auxiliary load, are connected on the AC side to ensure balance between the generated and the requested powers. In fact, a control strategy is developed to manage the power flows between the hybrid system devices and to make decision to choose the optimal operating mode ensuring the continuous supply of the load and maintaining the SC state of charge (SOC) at acceptable levels. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed control system under six operating modes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Photovoltaic, Wind, Super-capacitor, Diesel engine, Micro-system, Standalone mode, Control strategy, Power management.

Kaynakça

• S. Abedi, A. Alimardani, G. B. Gharehpetian, G .H. Riahy, and S. H. Hosseinian, “A comprehensive method for optimal power management and design of hybrid RES-based autonomous energy systems,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16, pp. 1577- 1587, 2012.
• S. Diaf, M. Belhamel, M. Haddadi, and A. Louche, “Technical and economic assessment of hybrid photovoltaic/wind system with battery storage in Corsica island,” Energy Policy, vol. 36, pp. 743-754, 2008.
• A. Masmoudi, A. Abdelkafi, and L. Krichen, “Electric power generation based on variable speed wind turbine under load disturbance,” Energy, vol. 36, pp. 5016-5026, 2011.
• A. Abdelkafi, A. Masmoudi, and L. Krichen, “Experimental investigation on the performance of an autonomous wind energy conversion system,” Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 44, pp. 581-590, 2013.
• J.Wen, Y. Zheng, F. Donghan, “A review on reliability assessment for wind power,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 13, pp. 2485-2494, 2009.
• M. Hoogwijk, B. De Vries, W. Turkenburg, “Assessment of the global and regional geographical, technical and economic potential of onshore wind energy,” Energy Economy, vol. 26, pp. 889-919, 2004.
• C. Wang, M. H. Nehrir, “ Power Management of a StandAlone Wind/Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell Energy System,”IEEE transactions on energy conversion, vol. 23, 2008.
• B. Heyrman, A. A. Abdallh, Luc Dupré, “ Efficient Modeling, Control and Optimization of Hybrid RenewableConventional Energy Systems,” International journal of renewable energy research, vol. 3, No.4, 2013.
• A. K. Daud, and M. S. Ismail, “ Design of isolated hybrid systems minimizing costs and pollutant emissions,”Renewable Energy, vol. 44, pp. 215-224, 2012.
• A. Hajizadeh, and M. A. Golkar, “Intelligent power management strategy of hybrid distributed generation system,”Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 29, pp. 783-795, 2007.
• P. Nema, R. K. Nema, S. Rangnekar, “ A current and future state of art development of hybrid energy system using wind and PV solar – A review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 13,pp. 2096-2103, 2009.
• J. L. B. Agustın, and R. D. Lopez, “Simulation and optimization of stand-alone hybrid renewable energy systems,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 13, pp. 2111-2118, 2009.
• M. Hattia, A. Meharrarb, M. Tioursic, “Power management strategy in the alternative EPV/PEM fuel cell hybrid system,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 15, pp. 5104-5110, 2011.
• S. B. Skretas, and D. P. Papadopoulos, “Efficient design and simulation of an expandable hybrid (wind/ PV) power system with MPPT and inverter input voltage regulation features in compliance with electric grid requirements,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 79, pp. 1271-1285, 2009.
• N. A. Ahmed, and A. K. Al-Othman, “AlRashidi M R. Development of an efficient utility interactive combined wind /PV/fuel cell power system with MPPT and DC bus voltage regulation,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 81, pp. 1096-1106, 2011.
• O. C. Onar, M. Uzunoglu, and M. S. Alam, “Modelling control and simulation of an autonomous wind turbine /PV /FC / ultra capacitor hybrid system,” Journal of Power Sources , vol. 185, pp. 1273-1283, 2008.
• O. Erdinc, O. Elma, M. Uzunoglu, U. S. Selamogullari, B. Vural, E. Ugur, A. R. Boynuegri, and S. Dusmez, “ Experimental performance assessment of an online energy management strategy for varying renewable power production suppression,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 37, pp. 4737–4748, 2012.
• M. Hatti, and M.Tioursi, “Dynamic neural network controller model of PEM fuel cell system,” International Journal Hydrogen Energy, vol. 34, pp. 5015-5021, 2009.
• A. Etxeberria, I. Vechiu, H. Camblong, and J. M. Vinassa, “Comparison of sliding mode and PI control of hybrid energy system storage in a micro-grid application,” Procedia Energy , vol. 12, pp. 966 -974, 2011.
• C. H. Li, X. J. Zhu, G. Y. Cao, S. Sui, and M. R. Hu, “Dynamics modeling and sizing optimization of stand-alone photovoltaic power systems using hybrid energy storage technology,” Renewable Energy, vol. 34, pp. 815-826, 2009.
• H. Zhang, C. Saudemont, B. Robyns, and R. Meuret, “Comparison of different DC voltage supervision strategies in local power distribution system of more electric aircraft,” Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol. 81, pp. 263276, 2010.
• C. Hua, J. Lin, and C. Shen, “Implementation of a DSP controlled photovoltaic system with peak power tracking,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Elecron, vol. 45, pp. 99-107, 1998.
• O. Carlson, “Wind-hybrid systems with variable speed and DC-link,” Wind Power for the 21 centry, Kassel. Germany, pp. 25-27, 2000.
• A. G. Aissaoui, A. Tahour, N. Essounbouli, F. Nollet, M. Abid, and M. I. Chergui, “A fuzzy –PI control to extract an optimal power from wind turbine,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 65, pp. 688–696, 2013.
• W. M. Lin, C. M. Hong, “Intelligent approach to maximum power point tracking control strategy for variablespeed wind turbine generation system,” Energy, vol. 35, pp. 2440-2447, 2010.
• G. Boukettaya, L. Krichen, and A. Ouali, “A comparative study of three different sensorless vector control strategies for a Flywheel Energy Storage System,” Energy, vol. 35, pp. 132-139, 2010.
• Ciu H. Mao, J. Lu, and D.Wang, “Electronic power transformer with supercapacitors storage energy system,” Electric Systems research, vol. 79, pp. 1200-1208, 2009.
• M. Zunoglu. O. Onar, and M. S. Alam, “Modeling, control and simulation of a PV/FC/UC based hybrid power generation system for stand-alone application,” Renewable Energy, vol. 34, pp. 509–520, 2009.
• Ph. Delarue, A. Bouscayrol, and E. Semail, “Generic control method of multi-leg voltage- source-converters for fast practical implementation,” IEEE Trans Power Electron , vol. 18, pp. 517-526, 2003.
• T. Balamurugan, S. Manoharan, “ Optimal Power Flow Management Control for Grid Connected Photovoltaic/Wind turbine/Diesel generator (GCPWD) Hybrid System with Batteries,” International journal of renewable energy research, vol. 3, No.4, 2013.