Studies on the Production of Bio-Ethanol from Brown Guinea Corn (Sorghum Bicolor L.), Pearl Millet (Penisetum Typhoides) and Sweet Potato (Ipomea Batatas) Using Modified Method
Öz
This study determined mean volume distillate, percentage purity and specific gravity of bio-ethanol produced by the modification of the methods of Benue Brewery Limited (BBL), Makurdi and that of Mathewson using guinea corn, pearl millet and sweet potato as feedstocks. The modified reaction pathway yielded bio-ethanol of significantly (P < 0.01) higher mean volume distillate and percentage purity. Pearl millet feedstock yielded the highest mean volume distillate (98.00cm3) while guinea corn produced the highest mean volume distillate (92.17cm3) in the unmodified BBL method. Sweet potato feedstock yielded the lowest mean volume distillate of 79.00cm3 and 56.17cm3 in the modified reaction pathway and BBL method respectively. Pearl millet bio-ethanol also recorded the highest percentage purity (91.08%) by modified route and 88.64% by BBL method. Specific gravity measurements of the bio-ethanol showed that BBL method produced higher values with all the feedstocks. The highest value (0.8582) was recorded with guinea corn bio-ethanol produced while the least value (0.8268) was recorded with pearl millet bio-ethanol produced by the modified reaction pathway. This finding suggests that addition of hitempase (α-amylase) at onset and end gelatinization temperatures of starch improves the completeness of fermentation process with corresponding increase in volume distillate and percentage purity of bio-ethanol.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bio-ethanol Feedstocks Fermentation Hitempase Reaction pathway
Kaynakça
- J. Tulloch, Raising the Next Generation. 2011.
- IEA, From 1st to 2nd Generation Biofuel Technologies; An overview of Current Industry and R&D Activities. OECD/IEA, p. 5. 2008.
- S. De-Keyser, and H. Hongo, Farming for Energy for Better Livelihoods in Southern African, FELISA, Paper Presented at the PfA-TaDO Policy Dialogue Conference on the Role of Renewable Energy for Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Development in Africa, Dar-es Salaam, /6/2005.
- Metz H.C., (Ed), Nigeria: A Country Study, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress 1991.
- M. Aregheore, Country pasture/forage resource profile – Nigeria, 2005.
- Ubwa S.T., A Modified Route for Bio-ethanol Production from Different Substrates: Effect of Enzyme Concentration on Yield. A Ph.D Thesis; University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, pp. 110-141, 2011.
- Mathewson S.W., The Manual for Home and Farm Production of Alcohol Fuel: Ten speed press J.A. Diaz Publication 94p, 1980.
- S.T. Ubwa, C.A. Nwadinigwe, G.O. Ugalahi-Igbum, and B.A. Anhwange, Comparative Studies on the Preparation of Bio-ethanol from Cassava (Mannihot esculenta Crantz) and Maize (Zea mays L). International Journal of Modern Chemistry. Vol. 1, No.1, pp. 1-8, 2012. H. Guzman-Maldonado, and O. Paredes-Lopez,
- Amylolytic Enzymes and Products Derived from Starch; a Review. Crit. Rev, Food Sci. Nutr., vol. 35, No.5, pp. 403, 1995.
- Helrich K., (Ed), Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 15th ed., vol. 2. Suite 400, 2200 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia, pp. 1231-1298, 1999.
- Sobkowska E., Skrobia i glikogen oraz produkty skrobiowe [Starch and glycogen and starch products]. In J. Gawęcki (Ed.), Współczesna wiedza o węglowodanach Contemporary knowledge on carbohydrates]. Poznań [in Polish]: Wyd. AR, 2001.
- S.N. Moorthy, Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Tropical Tuber Starches: A Review. Starch vol. 54, pp. 559-592, 2002.
- P.A. Ensminger, Beer Data: Alcohol, Calorie and Attenuation Levels of Beer, Retrived 24/02/2009.
Öz
Kaynakça
- J. Tulloch, Raising the Next Generation. 2011.
- IEA, From 1st to 2nd Generation Biofuel Technologies; An overview of Current Industry and R&D Activities. OECD/IEA, p. 5. 2008.
- S. De-Keyser, and H. Hongo, Farming for Energy for Better Livelihoods in Southern African, FELISA, Paper Presented at the PfA-TaDO Policy Dialogue Conference on the Role of Renewable Energy for Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Development in Africa, Dar-es Salaam, /6/2005.
- Metz H.C., (Ed), Nigeria: A Country Study, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress 1991.
- M. Aregheore, Country pasture/forage resource profile – Nigeria, 2005.
- Ubwa S.T., A Modified Route for Bio-ethanol Production from Different Substrates: Effect of Enzyme Concentration on Yield. A Ph.D Thesis; University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, pp. 110-141, 2011.
- Mathewson S.W., The Manual for Home and Farm Production of Alcohol Fuel: Ten speed press J.A. Diaz Publication 94p, 1980.
- S.T. Ubwa, C.A. Nwadinigwe, G.O. Ugalahi-Igbum, and B.A. Anhwange, Comparative Studies on the Preparation of Bio-ethanol from Cassava (Mannihot esculenta Crantz) and Maize (Zea mays L). International Journal of Modern Chemistry. Vol. 1, No.1, pp. 1-8, 2012. H. Guzman-Maldonado, and O. Paredes-Lopez,
- Amylolytic Enzymes and Products Derived from Starch; a Review. Crit. Rev, Food Sci. Nutr., vol. 35, No.5, pp. 403, 1995.
- Helrich K., (Ed), Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 15th ed., vol. 2. Suite 400, 2200 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia, pp. 1231-1298, 1999.
- Sobkowska E., Skrobia i glikogen oraz produkty skrobiowe [Starch and glycogen and starch products]. In J. Gawęcki (Ed.), Współczesna wiedza o węglowodanach Contemporary knowledge on carbohydrates]. Poznań [in Polish]: Wyd. AR, 2001.
- S.N. Moorthy, Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Tropical Tuber Starches: A Review. Starch vol. 54, pp. 559-592, 2002.
- P.A. Ensminger, Beer Data: Alcohol, Calorie and Attenuation Levels of Beer, Retrived 24/02/2009.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mart 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1 |