Factor Analysis With Validity And Reliability And For Highschool And University Students Of Zung Depression

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

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ZUNG DEPRESYON ÖLÇEĞİNİN LİSE VE ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ İÇİN GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİĞİ

Öz

Depresyon önemli bir psikolojik bozukluktur. Bu nedenle erken teşhis önem taşımaktadır (Oskay,1997; Köroğlu,2004). Depresyonun ölçülmesinde değişik depresyon ölçekleri kullanılmaktadır. Zung Depresyon Ölçeği, birçok araştırmada kullanılmasına karşın Ceyhun ve Akça, (1996)’nın psikiyatrik hastalarla yaptığı çalışma dışında geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Depresyonu belirlemede geçerli ve güvenilir araçlara gereksinim vardır. Bu nedenle “Zung Depresyon Ölçeği”nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasına gerek duyulmuştur. Araştırma, 242 lise öğrencisi ile 767 “normal” ve 212 “hasta” üniversite öğrencisinden oluşan 1221 kişi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin, “yapı” ve “benzer ölçek” geçerliği için Beck Depresyon Envanteri ile SCL–90 R ölçeğinin “Depresyon” alt ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Güvenirliğinin saptanmasında, Cronbach Alfa Katsayısı, Gutman Split-half ve Spearman Brown iki yarı güvenirliği hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca ölçeğin faktör yapısını belirlemek için önce örneklem yeterliği ve uygunluğu Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Sampling Adequecy ve Berlett’s Test of Sphericity analizleri yapılmıştır. Lise ve üniversite öğrencileri depresyon puan ortalamaları açısından, lise öğrencileri ile üniversite normal öğrenci grubu arasında Zung Depresyon Ölçeği puanları açısından p > 0.05 önem düzeyinde anlamlı bir fark çıkmazken, lise ve üniversite hasta öğrenci grubu arasında p < 0.05 önem düzeyinde lise öğrencileri lehine anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Normal ve hasta üniversite öğrencileri arasında normallerin lehine fark bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, Zung Depresyon Ölçeğinin lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinde, normal ve hasta öğrencilerin depresyon düzeylerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu yani psikometrik özellikler yönünden uygun olduğu söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda, ölçeğin araştırmalarda normal ve hasta öğrencilerin depresyon düzeylerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak kullanılabileceği önerilebilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Depresyon, geçerlik, güvenirlik

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