MULTICULTURALISM, NATION-STATE AND BERBER MOVEMENT IN ALGERIA

Öz

After decolonisation process, many African and Asian multicultural states desig-ned their countries based on the nation-state model after their independence. One of the countries established based on the nation-state model was Algeria. Algeria was designed in accordance with the nation-state model due to its multicultural nature. In addition to the nation-state model, Algeria's official state ideology was determined as socialism based on Arab nationalism. The aim of the official ideo-logy was to Arabize Barbers and other cultures and ethnicities in Algeria. The Algerian regime ignored the Berber language and identity. This led to problems between the regime and the Berbers in Algeria. Because the Algerian new regime forced Berber community to adopt the Arab identity. The identity and ethnicity problems between the regime and the Berbers in Algeria still continue today.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Algeria, Berber movement
• Nation-state
• Multiculturalism
• Algerian Army
• Algerian Regime

Kaynakça

1. Bendix, R. Nation-building and citizenship. new York: NY: Wiley, 1977.
2. Benrabah, Mohamed. «Language and Politics In Algeria.» Nationalism and Ethnic Politics , 2013: 59-78.
3. Charter, People's Communication. People's Communication Charter text. Charter, United Nations, 1995.
4. Cook, Steven A. Ruling But Not Governing: The Military and Political Development in Egypt, Algeria, and Turkey. John Hopkins Press, 2007.
5. Finer , Samuel. The Man on Horseback: The Role of the Military in Poli-tics. Transaction Publishers, 1962.
6. Güzel, Şehmus. Cezayir ve Berberiler. Ankara: Doruk Yayinlari, 1997.
7. Jay, Cleo. «A Berber Spring: the Breakthrough of Amazigh Minorities in the Uprisings’ Aftermath.» Contentious Politics in the Middle East içinde, yazan Fawaz A. Gerges, 331-347. 2015.
8. Mesdoua, Imad . «22 dead in Arab-Berber violence in Algeria: Agency.» Middle East Eye, 2014: 1-6.

9. NORMAN, WAYNE. «From nation-building to national engineering: the ethics of shaping identities.» Democracy, Nationalism and Multiculturalism için-de, yazan RAMÓN MÁIZ ve FERRAN REQUEJO, 79-95. New York: FRANK CASS PUBLISHERS, 2005.
10. Novak, Christoph. «From Berberism to Kabyle-Nationalism.» University of London Journal, 2012: 1-25.
11. Parekh, Bhikhu C. Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory. Boston: Harvard University Press, 2002.
12. Plantade, Yidir. le Matin. 2012. http://www.lematindz.net/news/7355-la-neige-paralyse-depuisplusieurs- jours-la-kabylie.html.). (erişildi: 2018). reporters without borders. Algeria. reporters without borders, 2005.
13. RESNICK, PHILIP. «Accommodating national differences within multi-national states.» Democracy, Nationalism and Multiculturalism içinde, yazan RAMÓN MÁIZ ve FERRAN REQUEJO, 43-57. New York: FRANK CASS PUBLISHERS, 2005.
14. Roberts, Hugh. Berber Government: The Kabyle Polity in Pre-colonial Algeria. London: I. B. Tauris, 2014.
15. Silverstein, Paul. «Realizing Myth: Berbers in France and Algeria.» Midd-le East Report, 1996: 11-15.
16. Souadia, habib. La Sale Guerre. La Découverte, 2001.
17. STRÅTH, Bo. «Identity and social solidarity: an ignored connection. A historical perspective on the state of Europe and its nations.» JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF ETHNICITY AND NATIONA-LISM, 2017: 227–247.
18. Strengholt, Jos M. «Arabization Policies in Morocco, Algeria and Tuni-sia.» Utrecht University Journal, 2008: 1-24.
19. Toumi, Abdennour. «Algerian Berber Separatist Movement: No, I Can’t Get No Satisfaction.» The Arab Daily News, 2017: 1-10.
20. Tulga, Ahmet Yiğitalp. Geçmişten Gnümüze Cezayir'de İslamcı Hareketler. Ankara: Ankara üniversitesi, 2017.
21. Watan, El. El Watan. 2011. https://www.elwatan.com/ (erişildi: 2018).
22. Weitzman, Bruce Maddy. «Arabization and Its Discontents: The Rise of the Amazigh Movement in North Africa.» Routledge, 2012: 109-135.