Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link). Schindler

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 142 - 147, 01.07.2017

Yeşim Kara

https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.309538

Cited By: 3

Öz

The ethanol and methanol extracts of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link). Schnider)  leaves and seeds were
screened for antioxidant activity. The antioxidative potential of ethanol and
methanol extracts of Jojoba (Simmondsia
chinensis) were investigated for the first time using DPPH
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity.
Total phenolic substance amounts were calculated according to Folin-Ciocalteu
method, substance concentrations in mg/GAE g, equivalent to gallic acid based
on mg/ml gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The phenolic substance amounts in the leaves
extracts (jojoba leaves: 313 mg/g GAE). Free radical clearance
activities of the extracts were determined by using DPPH free radical. The
Phenolic substances were calculated in highest jojoba leaves and lowest jojoba
seeds. When DPPH radical clearance activity results were analyzed, it was seen
that the highest activity was exhibited by jojoba leaf extract (% 43.20, 0.5
mg/ml concentration). The antioxidant activities of extracts were calculated in
(nmol/g) via ascorbic acid system. When the activity scores are analyzed,
higher scores were found in the ethanol extracts of jojoba leaves. The
antioxidant activity was lower in the extracts with methanol.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phenolic contents, Antioxidant, Jojoba, leaves, seeds

Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link). Schindler

Öz

The ethanol and methanol extracts of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link). Schnider) leaves and seeds were screened for antioxidant activity. The antioxidative potential of ethanol and methanol extracts of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) were investigated for the first time using DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity. Total phenolic substance amounts were calculated according to Folin-Ciocalteu method, substance concentrations in mg/GAE g, equivalent to gallic acid based on mg/ml gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The phenolic substance amounts in the leaves extracts (jojoba leaves: 313 mg/g GAE). Free radical clearance activities of the extracts were determined by using DPPH free radical. The Phenolic substances were calculated in highest jojoba leaves and lowest jojoba seeds. When DPPH radical clearance activity results were analyzed, it was seen that the highest activity was exhibited by jojoba leaf extract (% 43.20, 0.5 mg/ml concentration). The antioxidant activities of extracts were calculated in (nmol/g) via ascorbic acid system. When the activity scores are analyzed, higher scores were found in the ethanol extracts of jojoba leaves. The antioxidant activity was lower in the extracts with methanol.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phenolic contents, Antioxidant, Jojoba, leaves, seeds

Kaynakça

• Benzoini, A., Boven, M.V., Moorthy, S.R., Mills, D. (2006). Compositional changes in seed and embryo axis of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) during germination and seedling emergence. Industrial Crops and Products, 23, 297-303.
• Flo, G., Abbott, T., Vermaut, S., Boven, V.R., Deanans, P., Decuypere, E., Pedersen M., Cokelacre, M., (1987). Growth Performance of Rats Fed Jojoba Proteins. Possible Correlations with Trypsin Inhibitory Activity in Jojoba Proteins. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 45, 4384-4387.
• Cornejo, O. (1999). Soy grain quality and its effect on industrial products and sub products. Oil Lipids, 35, 264-271.
• Silvia, S., Games, L., Leitao, F., Coelho, A.V., L. Vilas, L. (2006). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Olea europaea L. fruits and leaves. Food Science and Technology, 12, 385-396.
• Liu, F. (2000). Tg, Nb Antioxidative and free radical scavenging activities of selected medicinal herbs. Life Science, 66, 725-735.
• Bridi, R., Crossetti, F.P., Steffen, V.M., Henriques, A.T. (2001). The antioxidant activity of standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) in rats. Phytotheraphy Res., 15, 449-451.
• Dasgupta, N., De, B. (2004). Antioxidant activity of Piper betle L. leaf extract in vitro. Food Chemistry, 88(2), 219-224.
• Balasundrom, N., Sundrom K., Samir, S. (2006). Phenolic compounds in plants and agri-industrial by-products: Antioxidant activity, occurrence, and potential uses. Food Chemistry, 99, 191-203.
• Manach, C., Williamson, G., Morand, C., Scalbert, A., Remesy, C. (2005). Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81, 2425-2430.
• Mammadov, R., Ili, P., Dusen, O. (2012). Phenolic contents and antioxidant properties of Muscari parviflorum Desf. Journal of Chemical Society of Pakistan, 34, 651-655.
• Kızıl, G., Kızıl, M., Yavuz, M., Emen S., Hakimoğlu, F. (2008). Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Hypericum triquetrifolium and Hypericum scabroides. Pharmaceutical Biology, 46(4), 231-242.
• Rise Evans, C., Miller, N.J. (1996). Antioxidant activities of flavonoids as bioactive components of food. Biochemical Society Transactions, 24, 790-795.
• Dapkevicius, A., Venskutonis, R., T.A. Van Beek T.A., Linssen, P.H. (1998). Antioxidant Activity of Extracts Obtained by Different Isolation Procedures from Some Aromatic Herbs Grown in Lithuania”. Journal of the Science of Food, 77, 140-146.
• Canbay, H.S., Bardakçı, B. (2011). Determination of Fatty Acid, C, H, N and Trace Element Composition in Grape Seed by GC/MS, FTIR, Elemental Analyzer and ICP/OES Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, SDU Journal of Science., 6(2), 140- 148.
• Amin I., Tan, S.H. (2002). Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Properties of Echinops ritro L. and E. tournefortii Jaup. Et. Spach Extract. Malaysian journal of Nutrion, 8, 166-167
• Jayaprakasha, G.K., R.P. Singh, R.P., Sakariah, K.K. (2001). Antioxidant activity of grape seed (Vitis vinifera) extracts on peroxidation models in vitro. Food Chemistry, 73, 285-290.
• Singleton, V.L., Orthofer, R., Lamuela-Ruventos, R.M., Sandiago, C.A. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. In: Packer L, editor. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 299. San Diego: Academic Press Inc.; 1999. pp. 152-178.
• Wojdylo, A., Oszmianski, J., Czemerys, R. (2007). Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 32 selected herbs. Food Chemistry, 105, 940-949.
• Said, A., Huefner, A., Abu Tabl, E.S. A. and Fawzy, G. (2011). Phenolic compounds from seeds of Zizyphus spina-christi. IUFS Journal of Biology, 70(1), 39-43.