Araştırma Makalesi
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Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları

Yıl 2020, , 67 - 79, 01.04.2020

Yeşim Koba

https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.685200
Cited By: 1

Öz

Turizm endüstrisi destinasyonlar üzerinde ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel ve toplumsal olarak olumlu ve olumsuz etkilere sahiptir. Destinasyonların sürdürülebilirliği için olumlu etkilerden mümkün olduğun-ca yararlanmak, olumsuz etkileri ise en aza indirmek hedeflenmelidir. Bu bakımdan sektör çalışanlarına önemli görevler düşmektedir. Günümüzün turizm öğrencileri, geleceğin sektör çalışanları olacağından, turizmin olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerini iyi kavramış, turizm bilinci yüksek bireyler olmaları gelecekte destinasyonların sürdürülebilirliği açısından önem taşımaktadır. Turizm eğitiminin temel amaçların-dan bir tanesi de turizm bilinci yüksek çalışanlar yetiştirmektir. Çalışmada turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algılarının ölçülmesi hedeflendiği için, turizm öğrencilerinden gönüllü olanlara anket uygulanmıştır. Turizm işletmeciliği bölümünde okuyan öğrencilerden anketi geçerli sayılan 225 öğren-cinin anketi değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Anket verileri ile araştırma konusuna yanıt aramak amacıyla keşfedici faktör analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Keşfedici faktör analizi sonucunda turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları 4 faktörden oluşmuştur. Bu faktörler (1) Ekonomik Yapı ve Doğal Çevre , (2) Sosyo-Ekonomik Durum, (3) Sosyal Yapı ve (4) Bilinç Düzeyi olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turizm Bilinci Turizm Algısı Turizm Destinasyonu

Kaynakça

  • Akis S., Peristianis, N. and Warner, J. (1996). “Residents’ attitudes to tourism development: the case of Cyprus”, Tourism Management, 17(7), 1996, 481-494.
  • Andriotis, K. (2005). Community Group’s Perceptions Of And Preferences For Tourism Development: Evidence From Crete. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 29(1), 67-90.
  • Aref, F., Redzuan, M., Gill, S. S. (2009). Community Perceptions Toward Economic And Environmental İmpacts Of Tourism And Local Communities. Asian Social Science, 5(7), 130-137.
  • Bahar, O.; Kozak, M. (2015). Turizm Ekonomisi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Balaguer, J. ve Jorda, M.C. (2002) Tourism as a Long-run Economic Growth Factor: the Spanish Case, Applied Economics, 34, 877-884.
  • Brida, J. G., Osti, L., Faccioli, M. (2011). Resident’s Perception And Attitudes Towards Tourism İmpacts. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 18(3), 359-385.
  • Chen, J. S. (2001). Assessing And Visualizing Tourism İmpacts From Urban Residents’ Perspectives. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 25(3), 235-250.
  • Choi, H. C., Sirakaya, E. (2005). Measuring Residents’ Attitude Toward Sustainable Tourism: Development Of Sustainable Tourism Scale. Journal of Tourism Research, 43, 380-394.
  • Coltman, M. M., (1989). Introduction to travel and Tourism an International Approach, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
  • Cottrell S. P., Vaske J. J., Shen F. ve Rıtter P. (2007). “Resident perceptions of sustainable tourism in Chongdugou, China”. Society and Natural Resources. 20, 511–525, Taylor & Francis.
  • Croes, R.R. (2006) A Paradigm Shift to a New Strategy for Small Island Economies: Embracing Demand Side Economics for Value Enhancement and Long Term Economic Stability, Tourism Management, (Article in Press).
  • Dilek, N. K., Dilek, S. E.,; Gümüş, M. (2016). Otel Çalışanlarının Turizm ve Barış İlişkisine Yönelik Metaforik Algıları. Batman Üniversitesi, Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi; Cilt 6 Sayı 2(1), 1-15. Doğan, H.Z. (2004). Turizmin sosyo-kültürel temelleri (İkinci Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Duran, E., Özkul, E. (2012). Yerel Halkın Turizm Gelişimine Yönelik Tutumları: Akçakoca Örneği Üzerinden Yapısal Bir Model. International Journal of Human Sciences, 9(2), 500-520.
  • Dyer, P., Aberdeen, L., Schuler, S. (2003). Tourism İmpacts On An Australian İndigenous Community: A Djabugay Case Study. Tourism Management, 24, 83-95.
  • Gössling S., Hall C.M., Weaver D. B. (2009). Sustainable Tourism Futures Perspectives on Systems, Restructuring and Innovations, (Editörler: GOSSLING, S., HALL C.M. ve WEAVER D. B., Sustainable Tourism Futures Perspectives on Systems, Restructuring and Innovations), 1-19, New York.
  • Gursoy, D., Rutherford, D. G. (2004). Host Attitudes Toward Tourism: An İmproved Structural Model. Annals of Tourism Research, 31, 495-516.
  • Gürsoy, D., Chi, C. G., Dyer, P. (2010). Local Attitues Toward Mass And Alternative Tourism: The Case Of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 381-394.
  • Haley, A. J., Snaith, T., Miller, G. (2005). The Social Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study of Bath, UK, Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 647-668.
  • Jurowski C., Uysal, M. and Williams D.R.,(1997). “A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism” Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), 3-11.
  • Keogh, B. (1990). Public Participation İn Community Tourism Planning. Annals of Tourism Research, 17, 449-465.
  • Ko, D.W. ve Stewart W.P. (2002). A Structural Equation Model of Residents’ Attitudes for Tourism Development, Tourism Management, 23: 521-530.
  • Korça, K. (1998). “Resident perceptions of tourism in a resort town”. Leisure Sciences, 20, 193-212, Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Kozak, N.; Kozak, M. A; Kozak, M. (2011). Genel Turizm İlkeler - Kavramlar. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kuvan, Y. ve Akan, P. (2005). Residents’ Attitudes Toward General and Forest-Related Impacts of Tourism: The Case of Belek, Antalya, Tourism Management, 26: 691-706.
  • Lawson, R. W., Williams, J., Young, T., Cossens, J. (1998). A Comprasion Of Residents’ Attitudes Towards Tourism İn 10 New Zealanf Destinations. Tourism Management, 19(3), 247-256.
  • Leung Y. F., Marion J. F., Farrell T. A. (2008). Recreation Ecology in Sustainable Tourism and Ecotourism: a Strengthening Role, (Edidörler: MCCOLL, S.F. ve MOISEY, R.N., Tourism, Recreation and Sustainability 2nd Edition Linking Culture and The Environment), 19-38, USA.
  • Liu J. C.; Var T., (1986). “Residents attitude toward tourism impacts in Hawaii”, Annals of Travel Research, (13), 193-214.
  • Liu, J., Var, T. (1986). Resident Attitudes Toward Tourism İmpacts İn Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 13, 193-214.
  • Mason, P., Cheyne, J. (2000). Residents’ Attitudes To Proposed Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 391-411. McColl S. F., Moisey, R. N. (2008). Pathways and Pitfalls in the Search for Sustainable Tourism”, (Edidörler: MCCOLL, S.F. ve MOISEY, R.N., Tourism, Recreation and Sustainability 2nd Edition Linking Culture and the Environment), 1-17, USA.
  • Milman A. And Pizam A. (1995). “The role or awareness and familiarity with a destination”, Journal of Travel Research, 33(3), 21-31.
  • Nepal, S. K. (2008). Residents’ Attitudes To Tourism İn Central British Columbia, Canada. Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 10(1), 42-65.
  • Özdemir, M. A., Kervankıran, İ. (2011). Turizm Ve Turizmin Etkileri Konusunda Yerel Halkın Yaklaşımlarının Belirlenmesi: Afyonkarahisar Örneği. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 24, 1-25.
  • Pappas, N. V. (2008). City of Rhodes: Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism Impacts and Development, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 13 (1): 51-70.
  • Park, K., Lee, J., Timothy, J. L. (2017). Residents’ Attitudes Toward Future Tourism Development İn Terms Of Community Well-Being And Attachment. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(2), 160-172.
  • Perdue R. R., Long P. T. And Allen, L., (1987). “Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes”, Annals of Tourism Research, (14), , 420-429.
  • Raymond C. ve Brown G. (2007). “A spatial method for assessing resident and visitor attitudes towards tourism growth and development”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15 (5), 520-540.
  • Ryan, C., Recreational Tourism: A Social Science Perspective, Routledge, London 1991.
  • Sirakaya, E., Teye, V., Sonmez, S. (2002). Understanding Resident’s Support For Tourism Development İn The Cental Region Of Ghana. Journal of Travel Research, 41, 57-67.
  • Teye, V., Sönmez, S. F. ve Sırakaya, E. (2002). Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism Development, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (3): 668-688.
  • Theobald, W. F. (2001) Global Tourism, Oxford: Butterworth & Heinemann, Second Edition.
  • Ünlüönen, K., ve Özekici, Y. K., (2017). Yeni Gelişen Destinasyonlarda Turizm Algısı: Yozgat İli Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies. 5(4), 466-488.
  • Vanegas, M. ve Croes, R.R. (2003) Growth, Development and Tourism in a Small Economy: Evidence from Aruba, The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5 (5), September/October, 315-330.
  • Vargas-Sanchez, A., Plaza-Meija, M., Porras-Bueno, N. (2009). Understanding Resident’s Attitudes Toward The Development Of İndustrial Tourism İn A Former Mining Community. Journal of Travel Research, 47(3), 373-387.
  • Yoon Y. (2002). Development of a Structural Model for Tourism Destination Competitiveness from Stakeholders’ perspectives. Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
  • Yoon, Y., Gürsoy, D., Chen, J. S. (2001). Validating A Tourism Development Theory With Structural Equating Modeling. Tourism Management, 22, 363-372.
  • Zaei, M. E. ve Zaei, M. E. (2013). The impacts of tourism industry on host community. European Journal of Tourism Hospitality and Research, 1(2), 12-21.
  • Zhang J., Inbakaran R. J. ve Jackson M. S. (2006). “Understanding community attitudes towards tourism and host-guest interaction in the urban-rural border region”. Tourism Geographies, 8 (2), 182-204.

The perception of tourism students about tourism awareness

Yıl 2020, , 67 - 79, 01.04.2020

Yeşim Koba

https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.685200
Cited By: 1

Öz

The tourism industry has positive and negative impacts on destinations economically, socially, culturally and socially. It should be aimed to take as much advantage of the positive effects as possible, while minimizing the negative effects for the sustainability of destinations. Since today's tourism students will be sector employees of the future, their having a good understanding of the positive and negative effects of tourism and their being a high tourism awareness individual is important in terms of sustainability of destinations. One of the main purposes of tourism education is to train employees with high awareness of tourism. In this study, it is aimed to measure the perceptions of tourism students about tourism awareness. For this purpose, a questionnaire was applied to 225 students studying in the tourism and hotel management department. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out in order to search for answers to the research topic. As a result of exploratory factor analysis, the perceptions of tourism students about tourism awareness were composed of 4 factors. These factors were determined as (1) Eco-nomic Structure and Natural Environment, (2) Socio-Economic Status, (3) Social Structure and (4) Level of Consciousness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourism Awareness Tourism Perception Tourism Destination

Kaynakça

  • Akis S., Peristianis, N. and Warner, J. (1996). “Residents’ attitudes to tourism development: the case of Cyprus”, Tourism Management, 17(7), 1996, 481-494.
  • Andriotis, K. (2005). Community Group’s Perceptions Of And Preferences For Tourism Development: Evidence From Crete. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 29(1), 67-90.
  • Aref, F., Redzuan, M., Gill, S. S. (2009). Community Perceptions Toward Economic And Environmental İmpacts Of Tourism And Local Communities. Asian Social Science, 5(7), 130-137.
  • Bahar, O.; Kozak, M. (2015). Turizm Ekonomisi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Balaguer, J. ve Jorda, M.C. (2002) Tourism as a Long-run Economic Growth Factor: the Spanish Case, Applied Economics, 34, 877-884.
  • Brida, J. G., Osti, L., Faccioli, M. (2011). Resident’s Perception And Attitudes Towards Tourism İmpacts. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 18(3), 359-385.
  • Chen, J. S. (2001). Assessing And Visualizing Tourism İmpacts From Urban Residents’ Perspectives. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 25(3), 235-250.
  • Choi, H. C., Sirakaya, E. (2005). Measuring Residents’ Attitude Toward Sustainable Tourism: Development Of Sustainable Tourism Scale. Journal of Tourism Research, 43, 380-394.
  • Coltman, M. M., (1989). Introduction to travel and Tourism an International Approach, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
  • Cottrell S. P., Vaske J. J., Shen F. ve Rıtter P. (2007). “Resident perceptions of sustainable tourism in Chongdugou, China”. Society and Natural Resources. 20, 511–525, Taylor & Francis.
  • Croes, R.R. (2006) A Paradigm Shift to a New Strategy for Small Island Economies: Embracing Demand Side Economics for Value Enhancement and Long Term Economic Stability, Tourism Management, (Article in Press).
  • Dilek, N. K., Dilek, S. E.,; Gümüş, M. (2016). Otel Çalışanlarının Turizm ve Barış İlişkisine Yönelik Metaforik Algıları. Batman Üniversitesi, Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi; Cilt 6 Sayı 2(1), 1-15. Doğan, H.Z. (2004). Turizmin sosyo-kültürel temelleri (İkinci Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Duran, E., Özkul, E. (2012). Yerel Halkın Turizm Gelişimine Yönelik Tutumları: Akçakoca Örneği Üzerinden Yapısal Bir Model. International Journal of Human Sciences, 9(2), 500-520.
  • Dyer, P., Aberdeen, L., Schuler, S. (2003). Tourism İmpacts On An Australian İndigenous Community: A Djabugay Case Study. Tourism Management, 24, 83-95.
  • Gössling S., Hall C.M., Weaver D. B. (2009). Sustainable Tourism Futures Perspectives on Systems, Restructuring and Innovations, (Editörler: GOSSLING, S., HALL C.M. ve WEAVER D. B., Sustainable Tourism Futures Perspectives on Systems, Restructuring and Innovations), 1-19, New York.
  • Gursoy, D., Rutherford, D. G. (2004). Host Attitudes Toward Tourism: An İmproved Structural Model. Annals of Tourism Research, 31, 495-516.
  • Gürsoy, D., Chi, C. G., Dyer, P. (2010). Local Attitues Toward Mass And Alternative Tourism: The Case Of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 381-394.
  • Haley, A. J., Snaith, T., Miller, G. (2005). The Social Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study of Bath, UK, Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 647-668.
  • Jurowski C., Uysal, M. and Williams D.R.,(1997). “A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism” Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), 3-11.
  • Keogh, B. (1990). Public Participation İn Community Tourism Planning. Annals of Tourism Research, 17, 449-465.
  • Ko, D.W. ve Stewart W.P. (2002). A Structural Equation Model of Residents’ Attitudes for Tourism Development, Tourism Management, 23: 521-530.
  • Korça, K. (1998). “Resident perceptions of tourism in a resort town”. Leisure Sciences, 20, 193-212, Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Kozak, N.; Kozak, M. A; Kozak, M. (2011). Genel Turizm İlkeler - Kavramlar. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kuvan, Y. ve Akan, P. (2005). Residents’ Attitudes Toward General and Forest-Related Impacts of Tourism: The Case of Belek, Antalya, Tourism Management, 26: 691-706.
  • Lawson, R. W., Williams, J., Young, T., Cossens, J. (1998). A Comprasion Of Residents’ Attitudes Towards Tourism İn 10 New Zealanf Destinations. Tourism Management, 19(3), 247-256.
  • Leung Y. F., Marion J. F., Farrell T. A. (2008). Recreation Ecology in Sustainable Tourism and Ecotourism: a Strengthening Role, (Edidörler: MCCOLL, S.F. ve MOISEY, R.N., Tourism, Recreation and Sustainability 2nd Edition Linking Culture and The Environment), 19-38, USA.
  • Liu J. C.; Var T., (1986). “Residents attitude toward tourism impacts in Hawaii”, Annals of Travel Research, (13), 193-214.
  • Liu, J., Var, T. (1986). Resident Attitudes Toward Tourism İmpacts İn Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 13, 193-214.
  • Mason, P., Cheyne, J. (2000). Residents’ Attitudes To Proposed Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 391-411. McColl S. F., Moisey, R. N. (2008). Pathways and Pitfalls in the Search for Sustainable Tourism”, (Edidörler: MCCOLL, S.F. ve MOISEY, R.N., Tourism, Recreation and Sustainability 2nd Edition Linking Culture and the Environment), 1-17, USA.
  • Milman A. And Pizam A. (1995). “The role or awareness and familiarity with a destination”, Journal of Travel Research, 33(3), 21-31.
  • Nepal, S. K. (2008). Residents’ Attitudes To Tourism İn Central British Columbia, Canada. Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 10(1), 42-65.
  • Özdemir, M. A., Kervankıran, İ. (2011). Turizm Ve Turizmin Etkileri Konusunda Yerel Halkın Yaklaşımlarının Belirlenmesi: Afyonkarahisar Örneği. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 24, 1-25.
  • Pappas, N. V. (2008). City of Rhodes: Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism Impacts and Development, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 13 (1): 51-70.
  • Park, K., Lee, J., Timothy, J. L. (2017). Residents’ Attitudes Toward Future Tourism Development İn Terms Of Community Well-Being And Attachment. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(2), 160-172.
  • Perdue R. R., Long P. T. And Allen, L., (1987). “Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes”, Annals of Tourism Research, (14), , 420-429.
  • Raymond C. ve Brown G. (2007). “A spatial method for assessing resident and visitor attitudes towards tourism growth and development”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15 (5), 520-540.
  • Ryan, C., Recreational Tourism: A Social Science Perspective, Routledge, London 1991.
  • Sirakaya, E., Teye, V., Sonmez, S. (2002). Understanding Resident’s Support For Tourism Development İn The Cental Region Of Ghana. Journal of Travel Research, 41, 57-67.
  • Teye, V., Sönmez, S. F. ve Sırakaya, E. (2002). Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism Development, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (3): 668-688.
  • Theobald, W. F. (2001) Global Tourism, Oxford: Butterworth & Heinemann, Second Edition.
  • Ünlüönen, K., ve Özekici, Y. K., (2017). Yeni Gelişen Destinasyonlarda Turizm Algısı: Yozgat İli Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies. 5(4), 466-488.
  • Vanegas, M. ve Croes, R.R. (2003) Growth, Development and Tourism in a Small Economy: Evidence from Aruba, The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5 (5), September/October, 315-330.
  • Vargas-Sanchez, A., Plaza-Meija, M., Porras-Bueno, N. (2009). Understanding Resident’s Attitudes Toward The Development Of İndustrial Tourism İn A Former Mining Community. Journal of Travel Research, 47(3), 373-387.
  • Yoon Y. (2002). Development of a Structural Model for Tourism Destination Competitiveness from Stakeholders’ perspectives. Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
  • Yoon, Y., Gürsoy, D., Chen, J. S. (2001). Validating A Tourism Development Theory With Structural Equating Modeling. Tourism Management, 22, 363-372.
  • Zaei, M. E. ve Zaei, M. E. (2013). The impacts of tourism industry on host community. European Journal of Tourism Hospitality and Research, 1(2), 12-21.
  • Zhang J., Inbakaran R. J. ve Jackson M. S. (2006). “Understanding community attitudes towards tourism and host-guest interaction in the urban-rural border region”. Tourism Geographies, 8 (2), 182-204.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yeşim Koba 0000-0002-5943-954X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Koba, Y. (2020). Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(1), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.685200
AMA Koba Y. Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. Nisan 2020;6(1):67-79. doi:10.24289/ijsser.685200
Chicago Koba, Yeşim. “Turizm öğrencilerinin Turizm Bilinci Ile Ilgili algıları”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 6, sy. 1 (Nisan 2020): 67-79. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.685200.
EndNote Koba Y (01 Nisan 2020) Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 6 1 67–79.
IEEE Y. Koba, “Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları”, International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 67–79, 2020, doi: 10.24289/ijsser.685200.
ISNAD Koba, Yeşim. “Turizm öğrencilerinin Turizm Bilinci Ile Ilgili algıları”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 6/1 (Nisan 2020), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.685200.
JAMA Koba Y. Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2020;6:67–79.
MLA Koba, Yeşim. “Turizm öğrencilerinin Turizm Bilinci Ile Ilgili algıları”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, c. 6, sy. 1, 2020, ss. 67-79, doi:10.24289/ijsser.685200.
Vancouver Koba Y. Turizm öğrencilerinin turizm bilinci ile ilgili algıları. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2020;6(1):67-79.

Cited By

Lisans Öğrencilerinin Çevrimiçi Öğrenmeye Hazır Bulunuşluk Düzeyi ve Demografik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişki: ESOGÜ Turizm Fakültesi Örneği
Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Issues
https://doi.org/10.51525/johti.932684

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