Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan bireylerde Covid-19 pandemisinde uyulması gereken kuralların video modelle öğretilmesi

Öz

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB), bireyin sosyalleşme becerilerini engelleyen, tekrarlayan davranışlar ile karakterize olan sözlü iletişimi etkileyen yaygın nöro- gelişimsel bozukluk olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Otizm belirtileri iki ile üç yaş arasında ortaya çıkar ve hayat boyu devam eder. Erkek cinsiyette daha fazla görülmekle birlikte görülme sıklığı giderek artmaktadır Videolar, kullanım kolaylığı, erişilebilirlik ve maliyet etkinliği nedeniyle eğitim ortamlarında sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 pandemisi hayatımıza yeni normalleri getirdi. Bunun en başında el hijyeni, sosyal mesafe ve maske kullanımı gelmektedir. Hastalığın bulaşma şekli ve belirtileri konusunda ilk Çin’in Wuhan kentinde çıktığı zaman tam olarak bilinmemesine rağmen şu an net olan bilgiler ışığında gözle görülmeyen ve insan hayatını ciddi anlamda tehdit eden COVID-19‘a karşı korumalıyız. Uzaktan eğitime geçilen süreçte video model yoluyla OSB’li bireylere destek vermek avantajlı durum oluşturmaktadır. Görsel ve işitsel eğitimin yapılan çalışmalarda fayda sağladığı bilinmektedir. Video model, sosyal becerilerin öğretiminde kullanılan etkili uygulamalardan biridir. Video modelle öğretim videoyla model olma, videoyla geri bildirim, video ile ipucu ve bilgisayar destekli video öğretimi olmak üzere dört şekilde gerçekleştirilebilir. Aynı zamanda topluma ve çevreye görevler düşmektedir. Bu konuda farkındalığın sağlanıp OSB li bireyin mesafesini koruyamadığı durumlarda yakın temasa geçecek kişilerin bu konuda bilgili olup mesafeyi koruma görevini üstlenerek riski azaltmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVİD-19
• otizm spektrum bozukluğu
• video model

Teaching the rules to be followed in COVID-19 pandemic in individual with autism spectrum disorder by video model

Öz

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is defined as a common neurodevelopmental disorder that prevents the individual's socialization skills and affects verbal communication characterized by repetitive behaviors. Autism symptoms appear between the ages of two and three and persist throughout life. Although it is more common in the male gender, its frequency is increasing. Videos are frequently preferred in educational environments due to their ease of use, accessibility and cost-effectiveness. COVID-19 pandemic, which influenced the whole world, brought new normals to our lives. The first thing to do is hand hygiene, social distance and the use of masks. Although it is not known exactly when the first china appeared in Wuhan city about the way of transmission and symptoms of the disease, we should protect against COVID-19, which is invisible and seriously threatening human life in the light of the information that is clear now. In the process of transition to distance education, it is advantageous to support individuals with ASD through a video model. It is known that audiovisual education provides benefits in the studies. Video model is one of the effective applications used in teaching social skills. Video model teaching can be done in four ways: modeling with video, video feedback, video hint and computer-aided video teaching. At the same time, duties fall to society and the environment. In cases where awareness about this issue is provided and the person with ASD cannot maintain distance, people who will be in close contact should be knowledgeable about this issue and should reduce the risk by assuming the duty of maintaining the distance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• video model
• autism spectrum disorder

Kaynakça

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