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GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 75 - 90, 01.12.2016

Öz

The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender differences exist amongst African Generation Y students’ perceptions concerning selected marketing activities of their preferred clothing brand. The African Generation Y cohort (individuals born between 1986 and 2005) in South Africa, represents an important market segment in that it makes up 32 per cent of the country’s population. As one of the largest contributors to the South African economy, the fashion retail industry is experiencing intense competition amongst fashion brands and retailers due to an increased amount of national and international brands available to consumers. Consequently, the need for effective differentiation, such as branding, is becoming more significant. In light of this, it is increasingly important for marketers and brand managers to define their target market clearly, which requires a sound understanding of their target market’s needs and the contributors of consumer behaviour, of which gender is a key factor. This study used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from a convenience sample of 750 students across three South African public higher education institution’ campuses situated in the Gauteng province. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a two independent-samples t-test. The findings suggest that while there is no statistically significant difference between male and female participants’ perceptions concerning their preferred clothing brands’ advertising and product activities, statistically significant differences were found concerning the store image and pricing activities of their preferred clothing brand

Kaynakça

  • Algie, J.A. and K. Korlimbinis (2005), "Improving the store design of male fashion and apparel retailers", Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy
  • Conference, Fremantle, Western Australia, December, 5-7, 2005.
  • Bakewell, C. and V.W. Mitchell (2003), "Generation Y female consumer decision-making styles", International Journal of Retail and Distribution
  • Management, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp.95-106. Bevan-Dye, A.L. (2015), "African Generation Y students’ propensity to engage in word-of-mouth communication on Facebook International Conference on
  • Economics and Business Management, Phuket, Thailand, July, 29-30, 2015.
  • Bevan-Dye, A.L., M. Dhurup and J. Surujlal (2009), "Black generation Y students’ perceptions of national sport celebrity endorsers as role models." African
  • Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp.172-188. Borges, A., B.J. Babin and N. Spielmann (2013), "Gender orientation and retail atmosphere: effects on value perception", International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 41, No. 7, pp.498-511.
  • Chen‐Yu, J.H. and Y.K. Seock (2002), "Adolescents' clothing purchase motivations, information sources, and store selection criteria: a comparison of male/female and impulse/nonimpulse shoppers", Family and Consumer Sciences
  • Research Journal, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp.50-77. Clark, L.A. and D. Watson (1995), "Construct validity: basic issues in objective scale development", Psychological assessment, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp.309-319.
  • Department of higher education and training (DHET) (2016), Statistics on Post
  • School Education and Training in South Africa, http://www.justice. gov.za/commissions/FeesHET/docs/2014-Statistics-Post-School-ET-SA.pdf, Accessed 16.19.2016]
  • Easey, M. (2009), Fashion marketing, Oxford: Wiley & Sons.
  • Fashion United (2014), Europe in the world: the garment, textiles and fashion industry, international-apparel, [Accessed 11.6.2015]
  • Ferdous, A.S. and B. Towfique (2008), "Consumer sentiment towards marketing in Bangladesh: The relationship between attitudes to marketing, satisfaction and regulation", Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp.481-495.
  • Fernandez, P.R. (2009), "Impact of branding on gen Y's choice of clothing",
  • Journal of the South East Asia research centre for communications and Humanities, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp.79-95. Fin24 (2013), H&M to launch a store in SA – report, http://www.fin24. com/Companies/Retail/HM-signs-lease-for-store-in-SA-report-20130722, Accessed 11.6.2015]
  • Foscht, T., J. Schloffer, C. Maloles and S.L. Chia (2009), "Assessing the outcomes of Generation-Y customers' loyalty", International journal of Bank marketing, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.218-241.
  • Grewal, D. and M. Levy (2008), Marketing. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Gundala, R.R.R. (2010), "Retail store image: a study of the Cyprus clothing industry", International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp.67-81.
  • Hanzaee, K.H. and S. Aghasibeig (2008), "Generation Y female and male decision-making styles in Iran: are they different?", The International Review of
  • Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp.521-537. Haque, A., S.A. Mahmud, A.K. Tarofder and A.Z.H. Ismail (2007), "Internet advertisement in Malaysia: a study of attitudinal differences", The Electronic
  • Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, Vol. 31, No. 9, pp.1-15. Hult, G.T.M., O.C. Ferrell and W.M. Pride (2014), Marketing, Australia: South
  • Western Cengage Learning. Imran, M., U. Ghani and K.U. Rehman (2013), "Consumer perception of store image and store loyalty", Journal of Managerial Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.75
  • Jackson, T. and D. Shaw (2009), Mastering fashion marketing, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jackson, V., L. Stoel and A. Brantley (2011), "Mall attributes and shopping value:
  • Differences by gender and generational cohort", Journal of retailing and consumer services, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.1-9. Jegethesan, K., J.N. Sneddon and G.N. Soutar (2012), "Young Australian consumers' preferences for fashion apparel attributes", Journal of Fashion
  • Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp.275- Jobber, D. (2010), Principles and practice of marketing, London: McGraw-Hill.
  • Kincade, D.H. and F.Y. Gibson (2010), Merchandising of fashion products, Upper
  • Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Ko, E., E. Kim, C.R. Taylor, K.H. Kim and I.J. Kang (2007), "Cross-national market segmentation in the fashion industry: A study of European, Korean, and US consumers", International Marketing Review, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp.629-651.
  • Kotler, P. and G.M. Armstrong (2011), Principles of marketing: global and southern perspectives, Cape Town: Pearson.
  • Kotler, P. and K.L. Keller (2012), Marketing management, Boston: Pearson.
  • Kurtulus, K. and Z.Ö. Ertekin (2015), "Consumers' attitude to and choice of store brands in fashion apparel: Role of gender and shopping style", METU Studies in
  • Development, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp.1-28. Kuruvilla, S.J., N. Joshi and N. Shah (2009), "Do men and women really shop differently? An exploration of gender differences in mall shopping in India",
  • International Journal of Consumer Studies, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp.715-723. Lamb, C.W., J.F. Hair, C. McDaniel, C. Boshoff, N. Terblanche, R. Elliott and H.B. Klopper (2010), Marketing, Cape Town: Oxford.
  • Lee, M.Y., Y.K. Kim, L. Pelton, D. Knight and J. Forney (2008), "Factors affecting Mexican college students' purchase intention toward a US apparel brand", Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp.294-307.
  • Makholwa, A. (2011), Which retail model rules? http://www.fin24.com/Finance
  • Week/Cover-Story/Which-retail-model-rules-20110627 [Accessed 11.6.2015]
  • Markert, J. (2004), "Demographics of age: generational and cohort confusion",
  • Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.11-25. Oh, H. and C.R. Jasper (2006), "Processing of apparel advertisements: application and extension of elaboration likelihood model", Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp.15-32.
  • Oyelana, A.A. and N.C. Nini (2015), "The Differences in the Uses of Intensive
  • Information Search and In-store Information between Female and Male Shoppers in South Africa", Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp.355-364. Pandian, S.P.K., S.P.N. Varathani and V. Keerthivasan, (2012), "An Empirical study on consumer perception towards branded shirts in Trichy City",
  • International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services and Management Research, Vol. 1, No. 8, pp. 18-32. Pentecost, R. and L. Andrews (2010), "Fashion retailing and the bottom line: The effects of generational cohorts, gender, fashion fanship, attitudes and impulse buying on fashion expenditure", Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp.43-52.
  • Perreault, W.D. and E.J. McCarthy (2008), Essentials of marketing: a global managerial approach, Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • PRNewswire (2015), With increased competition, clothing and apparel companies must go the extra mile to establish brand loyalty, http://www.prnewswire.com/ news-releases/with-increased-competition- clothing-and-apparel-companies-must-go-the-extra-mile-to-establish-brand- loyalty-300067601.html, [Accessed 24.9.2015]
  • Rafiq, M. and P.K. Ahmed (1995),"Using the 7Ps as a generic marketing mix",
  • Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 13, No. 9, pp.4-15. Rajput, N. and A. Khanna (2014), "Dynamics of young Indian consumers’ buying behaviour towards branded apparels: Gender perspective", Archives of Business Research, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp.84-106.
  • Rocha, M.A.V., L. Hammond and D. Hawkins (2005), "Age, gender and national factors in fashion consumption", Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management:
  • An International Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.380-390. Rosenau, J.A. and D.L. Wilson (2006), Apparel merchandising: the line starts here, New York: Fairchild Publications.
  • Schindler, R.M. (2012), Pricing strategies: a marketing approach, London: Sage.
  • Seock, Y.K. and N. Sauls (2008), "Hispanic consumers' shopping orientation and apparel retail store evaluation criteria: An analysis of age and gender differences",
  • Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. , No. 4, pp.469-486. Singer, M. (2015), The clothing insurrection: it’s time to take on the fashion supply chain, environmental-impact/, [Accessed 11.6.2015] http://www.vogue.com/13268385/fashion-supply-chain
  • Sondhi, N. and S.R. Singhvi (2006), "Gender Influences in Garment Purchase: An
  • Empirical Analysis", Global Business Review, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.57-75. Stats SA (2015), Mid-year population estimates: , http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022015.pdf, [Accessed 8.2015]
  • Stats SA (2016), Retail trade sales: 2016, http://www.statssa.gov.za/ publications/P62421/P62421May2016.pdf, [Accessed 14.7.2016]
  • Strydom, J. (2011), Introduction to marketing, Cape Town: Juta.
  • Student Village (2015), Student spend report 2015, studentmarketing.co.za/spend/index.php/presentation/, [Accessed 13.7.2016] http://www.
  • Tan, M.Z., S.Y. Teoh, C.E. Tan, P.N. Teo and M.K. Tan (2013), "Perceived
  • Purchase Intention of Undergraduates Towards Luxury Brands: Case Study", International Conference on Social Science Research, Penang, Malaysia, June, 4- , 2013.
  • Theodoridis, P.K. and K.C. Chatzipanagiotou (2009), "Store image attributes and customer satisfaction across different customer profiles within the supermarket sector in Greece", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 43, No. 5/6, pp.708-734.
  • Venter, P. and M. Jansen van Rensburg (2009), Strategic Marketing: Theory and Aplication for Competitive Advantage, Cape Town: Oxford.
  • Wiid, J. and C. Diggines (2013), Marketing research. Cape town: Juta.
  • Yoo, B., N. Donthu and S. Lee (2000), “An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity”, Journal of the academy of marketing science, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.195-211.
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 75 - 90, 01.12.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Algie, J.A. and K. Korlimbinis (2005), "Improving the store design of male fashion and apparel retailers", Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy
  • Conference, Fremantle, Western Australia, December, 5-7, 2005.
  • Bakewell, C. and V.W. Mitchell (2003), "Generation Y female consumer decision-making styles", International Journal of Retail and Distribution
  • Management, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp.95-106. Bevan-Dye, A.L. (2015), "African Generation Y students’ propensity to engage in word-of-mouth communication on Facebook International Conference on
  • Economics and Business Management, Phuket, Thailand, July, 29-30, 2015.
  • Bevan-Dye, A.L., M. Dhurup and J. Surujlal (2009), "Black generation Y students’ perceptions of national sport celebrity endorsers as role models." African
  • Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp.172-188. Borges, A., B.J. Babin and N. Spielmann (2013), "Gender orientation and retail atmosphere: effects on value perception", International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 41, No. 7, pp.498-511.
  • Chen‐Yu, J.H. and Y.K. Seock (2002), "Adolescents' clothing purchase motivations, information sources, and store selection criteria: a comparison of male/female and impulse/nonimpulse shoppers", Family and Consumer Sciences
  • Research Journal, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp.50-77. Clark, L.A. and D. Watson (1995), "Construct validity: basic issues in objective scale development", Psychological assessment, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp.309-319.
  • Department of higher education and training (DHET) (2016), Statistics on Post
  • School Education and Training in South Africa, http://www.justice. gov.za/commissions/FeesHET/docs/2014-Statistics-Post-School-ET-SA.pdf, Accessed 16.19.2016]
  • Easey, M. (2009), Fashion marketing, Oxford: Wiley & Sons.
  • Fashion United (2014), Europe in the world: the garment, textiles and fashion industry, international-apparel, [Accessed 11.6.2015]
  • Ferdous, A.S. and B. Towfique (2008), "Consumer sentiment towards marketing in Bangladesh: The relationship between attitudes to marketing, satisfaction and regulation", Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp.481-495.
  • Fernandez, P.R. (2009), "Impact of branding on gen Y's choice of clothing",
  • Journal of the South East Asia research centre for communications and Humanities, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp.79-95. Fin24 (2013), H&M to launch a store in SA – report, http://www.fin24. com/Companies/Retail/HM-signs-lease-for-store-in-SA-report-20130722, Accessed 11.6.2015]
  • Foscht, T., J. Schloffer, C. Maloles and S.L. Chia (2009), "Assessing the outcomes of Generation-Y customers' loyalty", International journal of Bank marketing, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.218-241.
  • Grewal, D. and M. Levy (2008), Marketing. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Gundala, R.R.R. (2010), "Retail store image: a study of the Cyprus clothing industry", International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp.67-81.
  • Hanzaee, K.H. and S. Aghasibeig (2008), "Generation Y female and male decision-making styles in Iran: are they different?", The International Review of
  • Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp.521-537. Haque, A., S.A. Mahmud, A.K. Tarofder and A.Z.H. Ismail (2007), "Internet advertisement in Malaysia: a study of attitudinal differences", The Electronic
  • Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, Vol. 31, No. 9, pp.1-15. Hult, G.T.M., O.C. Ferrell and W.M. Pride (2014), Marketing, Australia: South
  • Western Cengage Learning. Imran, M., U. Ghani and K.U. Rehman (2013), "Consumer perception of store image and store loyalty", Journal of Managerial Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.75
  • Jackson, T. and D. Shaw (2009), Mastering fashion marketing, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jackson, V., L. Stoel and A. Brantley (2011), "Mall attributes and shopping value:
  • Differences by gender and generational cohort", Journal of retailing and consumer services, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.1-9. Jegethesan, K., J.N. Sneddon and G.N. Soutar (2012), "Young Australian consumers' preferences for fashion apparel attributes", Journal of Fashion
  • Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp.275- Jobber, D. (2010), Principles and practice of marketing, London: McGraw-Hill.
  • Kincade, D.H. and F.Y. Gibson (2010), Merchandising of fashion products, Upper
  • Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Ko, E., E. Kim, C.R. Taylor, K.H. Kim and I.J. Kang (2007), "Cross-national market segmentation in the fashion industry: A study of European, Korean, and US consumers", International Marketing Review, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp.629-651.
  • Kotler, P. and G.M. Armstrong (2011), Principles of marketing: global and southern perspectives, Cape Town: Pearson.
  • Kotler, P. and K.L. Keller (2012), Marketing management, Boston: Pearson.
  • Kurtulus, K. and Z.Ö. Ertekin (2015), "Consumers' attitude to and choice of store brands in fashion apparel: Role of gender and shopping style", METU Studies in
  • Development, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp.1-28. Kuruvilla, S.J., N. Joshi and N. Shah (2009), "Do men and women really shop differently? An exploration of gender differences in mall shopping in India",
  • International Journal of Consumer Studies, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp.715-723. Lamb, C.W., J.F. Hair, C. McDaniel, C. Boshoff, N. Terblanche, R. Elliott and H.B. Klopper (2010), Marketing, Cape Town: Oxford.
  • Lee, M.Y., Y.K. Kim, L. Pelton, D. Knight and J. Forney (2008), "Factors affecting Mexican college students' purchase intention toward a US apparel brand", Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp.294-307.
  • Makholwa, A. (2011), Which retail model rules? http://www.fin24.com/Finance
  • Week/Cover-Story/Which-retail-model-rules-20110627 [Accessed 11.6.2015]
  • Markert, J. (2004), "Demographics of age: generational and cohort confusion",
  • Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.11-25. Oh, H. and C.R. Jasper (2006), "Processing of apparel advertisements: application and extension of elaboration likelihood model", Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp.15-32.
  • Oyelana, A.A. and N.C. Nini (2015), "The Differences in the Uses of Intensive
  • Information Search and In-store Information between Female and Male Shoppers in South Africa", Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp.355-364. Pandian, S.P.K., S.P.N. Varathani and V. Keerthivasan, (2012), "An Empirical study on consumer perception towards branded shirts in Trichy City",
  • International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services and Management Research, Vol. 1, No. 8, pp. 18-32. Pentecost, R. and L. Andrews (2010), "Fashion retailing and the bottom line: The effects of generational cohorts, gender, fashion fanship, attitudes and impulse buying on fashion expenditure", Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp.43-52.
  • Perreault, W.D. and E.J. McCarthy (2008), Essentials of marketing: a global managerial approach, Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • PRNewswire (2015), With increased competition, clothing and apparel companies must go the extra mile to establish brand loyalty, http://www.prnewswire.com/ news-releases/with-increased-competition- clothing-and-apparel-companies-must-go-the-extra-mile-to-establish-brand- loyalty-300067601.html, [Accessed 24.9.2015]
  • Rafiq, M. and P.K. Ahmed (1995),"Using the 7Ps as a generic marketing mix",
  • Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 13, No. 9, pp.4-15. Rajput, N. and A. Khanna (2014), "Dynamics of young Indian consumers’ buying behaviour towards branded apparels: Gender perspective", Archives of Business Research, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp.84-106.
  • Rocha, M.A.V., L. Hammond and D. Hawkins (2005), "Age, gender and national factors in fashion consumption", Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management:
  • An International Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.380-390. Rosenau, J.A. and D.L. Wilson (2006), Apparel merchandising: the line starts here, New York: Fairchild Publications.
  • Schindler, R.M. (2012), Pricing strategies: a marketing approach, London: Sage.
  • Seock, Y.K. and N. Sauls (2008), "Hispanic consumers' shopping orientation and apparel retail store evaluation criteria: An analysis of age and gender differences",
  • Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, Vol. , No. 4, pp.469-486. Singer, M. (2015), The clothing insurrection: it’s time to take on the fashion supply chain, environmental-impact/, [Accessed 11.6.2015] http://www.vogue.com/13268385/fashion-supply-chain
  • Sondhi, N. and S.R. Singhvi (2006), "Gender Influences in Garment Purchase: An
  • Empirical Analysis", Global Business Review, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.57-75. Stats SA (2015), Mid-year population estimates: , http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022015.pdf, [Accessed 8.2015]
  • Stats SA (2016), Retail trade sales: 2016, http://www.statssa.gov.za/ publications/P62421/P62421May2016.pdf, [Accessed 14.7.2016]
  • Strydom, J. (2011), Introduction to marketing, Cape Town: Juta.
  • Student Village (2015), Student spend report 2015, studentmarketing.co.za/spend/index.php/presentation/, [Accessed 13.7.2016] http://www.
  • Tan, M.Z., S.Y. Teoh, C.E. Tan, P.N. Teo and M.K. Tan (2013), "Perceived
  • Purchase Intention of Undergraduates Towards Luxury Brands: Case Study", International Conference on Social Science Research, Penang, Malaysia, June, 4- , 2013.
  • Theodoridis, P.K. and K.C. Chatzipanagiotou (2009), "Store image attributes and customer satisfaction across different customer profiles within the supermarket sector in Greece", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 43, No. 5/6, pp.708-734.
  • Venter, P. and M. Jansen van Rensburg (2009), Strategic Marketing: Theory and Aplication for Competitive Advantage, Cape Town: Oxford.
  • Wiid, J. and C. Diggines (2013), Marketing research. Cape town: Juta.
  • Yoo, B., N. Donthu and S. Lee (2000), “An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity”, Journal of the academy of marketing science, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.195-211.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA79JP75UZ
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Heleneze-tiane Lues Bu kişi benim

N. De Klerk Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Lues, H.-t., & De Klerk, N. (2016). GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 8(2), 75-90.
AMA Lues Ht, De Klerk N. GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES. IJ-SSHS. Aralık 2016;8(2):75-90.
Chicago Lues, Heleneze-tiane, ve N. De Klerk. “GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 8, sy. 2 (Aralık 2016): 75-90.
EndNote Lues H-t, De Klerk N (01 Aralık 2016) GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 8 2 75–90.
IEEE H.-t. Lues ve N. De Klerk, “GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES”, IJ-SSHS, c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 75–90, 2016.
ISNAD Lues, Heleneze-tiane - De Klerk, N. “GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 8/2 (Aralık 2016), 75-90.
JAMA Lues H-t, De Klerk N. GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES. IJ-SSHS. 2016;8:75–90.
MLA Lues, Heleneze-tiane ve N. De Klerk. “GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, c. 8, sy. 2, 2016, ss. 75-90.
Vancouver Lues H-t, De Klerk N. GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONGST AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FASHION MARKETING ACTIVITIES. IJ-SSHS. 2016;8(2):75-90.