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Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 135 - 141, 16.12.2025
https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK

Öz

Hemokromatozis; demir metabolizma bozukluğuyla seyreden çeşitli parankimal organlarda progresif demir birikimine bağlı, otozomal resesif geçişli bir demir metabolizma hastalığıdır. Herediter Hemokromatozis patogenezinde genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin rol aldığı kalıtsal bir hastalıktır. Hastalığın seyri fazla miktarda demir emilmesine bağlı karaciğer, dalak, pankreas, eklem, kalp, hipofiz bezi ve deri gibi bir çok organda progresif demir birikimiyle geri dönüşümsüz organ hasarı gelişir. Hiperpigmentasyon, DM ve hepatomegali Hemokromatozisde sık görülebilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda hemokromatozise bağlı diyabet ve regüle olmayan diyabete bağlı diyabetik gastroparezi gelişen hastanın sunulması hedeflenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1. Bacon BR, Powell Lw, Adams Pc, Kresina T, Hoofnagle J. Molecular medicine and hemochromatosis:at the crossroads. Gastroenterology 1999;116:193-207.
  • Referans 2. Utzschneider KM, Kowdley KV. Hereditary hemochromatosis and diabetes mellitus: implications for clinical practice. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010; 6:26.
  • Referans 3. Niederau C, Fischer R, Purschel A, Stremmel W, Haussinger D, Strohmeyer G. Long term survival in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis. Gastroenterology 1996;110:1107.
  • Referans 4. Hasler, William L. Gastroparesis. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2012, 28.6: 621-628.
  • Referans 5. Choung RS, Locke GR, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister A, Joseph M, Nicholas T. Risk of gastroparesis in subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes in the general population. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107: 82-88.
  • Referans 6. Parkman HP, Yates K, Hasler WL, Nguyen L, Pasricha P, Snape W. Similarities and differences between diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 9: 1056-1064.
  • Referans 7. Waheed A, Parkkila S, Zhou XY, Sly W. Hereditary hemochromatosis: effects of C282Y and H63D mutations on association with B2-microglobulin intracellular processing, and cell surface expression of the HFE protein in COS-7 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94:12384-9.
  • Referans 8. Sampson M, Tracey W, Phipp H, Richard H, Greenwood R, Temple J, et al. Prevalence of HFE (hemochromatosis gene) mutations in unselected male patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 2000; 135;170-173.
  • Referans 9. Ordög, T, Takayama, WK Cheung, SM Ward, KM Sanders. Remodeling of networks of interstitial cells of Cajal in a murine model of diabetic gastroparesis. Diabetes 2000; 49: 1731-1739.
  • Referans 10. Ishiguchi T, Nakajima M, Sone H, Tada H, Kumagai A, Takahashi T. Gastric distension-induced pyloric relaxation: central nervous system regulation and effects of acute hyperglycaemia in the rat. J Physiol 2001;533:801-13.
  • Referans 11. Jebbınk, M Samsom, PPM Bruijs, B Bravenboeret, Akkermans LMA, Henegouwen G, et al. Hyperglycemia induces abnormalities of gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology, 1994, 107: 1390-1397.
  • Referans 12. Locke I, Richard G, Cathy S, Alan Z, Joseph M, Nicholas T. Risk of gastroparesis in subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes in the general population. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG 2012;107: 82-88
  • Referans 13. Parkman Henry P, Hallinan WL, Hasler G, Farrugia KL, Koch L, Nguyen WL, et al. Early satiety and postprandial fullness in gastroparesis correlate with gastroparesis severity, gastric emptying, and water load testing. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2017; 29; 4: 12981.
  • Referans 14. Pasrıcha, Pankaj J, Grover M, Yates K, Abell T, Bernard C, Koch K, et al. Functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis in tertiary care are interchangeable syndromes with common clinical and pathologic features. Gastroenterology, 2021; 160: 2006-2017
  • Referans 15. Soykan I, Sivri B Sarosiek I, Kiernan B, Mccallum R. Demography, clinical characteristics, psychological and abuse profiles, treatment, and long-term follow-up of patients with gastroparesis. Digestive Diseases Sci 1998; 43: 2398-2404.
  • Referans 16. Camiller M. Management of patients with chronic abdominal pain in clinical practice. Neurogastroenterology Motility 2006; 18: 499-506.
  • Referans 17. Hasler William L, Wilson L, Henry P, Linda N, Thomas L, Kenneth L, et al. Bloating in gastroparesis: severity, impact, and associated factors. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG, 2011; 106: 1492-1502.
  • Referans 18. Camilleri M, Shın A. Novel and validated approaches for gastric emptying scintigraphy in patients with suspected gastroparesis. Digestive Diseases Sci. 2013; 58: 1813-1815.
  • Referans 19. Camilleri M. ACG clinical guideline: gastroparesis. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG 2022; 117: 1197-1220.
  • Referans 20. Wytıaz V, Hamko C, Duffy F, Schey R, Parkman H. Foods provoking and alleviating symptoms in gastroparesis: patient experiences. Digestive Diseases Sci 2015; 60: 1052-1058.
  • Referans 21. Olausson, Eva A, Stine S, Hakan G, Mats I, Stig A, Magnus S. A small particle size diet reduces upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with diabetic gastroparesis: a randomized controlled trial. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology ACG 2014; 109: 375-385.
  • Referans 22. Bujanda, Luis. The effects of alcohol consumption upon the gastrointestinal tract. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology ACG 2000; 95: 3374-3382.
  • Referans 23. Mccallum RW, Valenzuela G, Polepalle S, Spyker D. Subcutaneous metoclopramide in the treatment of symptomatic gastroparesis: clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1991; 258: 136-142.
  • Referans 24. Prather CM, Camilleri M, Thomforde GM, Forstrom LA, Zinsmeister AR. Gastric axial forces in experimentally delayed and accelerated gastric emptying. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 1993; 264: 928-934.
  • Referans 25. Camilleri M, Balm R, Zınsmeıster A. Determinants of response to a prokinetic agent in neuropathic chronic intestinal motility disorder. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: 916-923.
  • Referans 26. Kessing BF, Smooth RJ, Bennink N, Oors M, Bredenoordd AJ. Prucalopride decreases esophageal acid exposure and accelerates gastric emptying in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2014; 26: 1079-1086.
  • Referans 27. Sawhney MS, Prakash C, Lustman PJ, Clouse RE. Tricyclic antidepressants for chronic vomiting in diabetic patients. Digestive Diseases Sci. 2007; 52: 418-424.
  • Referans 28. Carlin J, Polymeropoulos C, Camilleri M, Lembo A, Fisler M, Kupersmith M, et al. The Efficacy of Tradipitant in Patients With Diabetic and Idiopathic Gastroparesis in a Phase 3 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2024.
  • Referans 29. Shin A, Camilleri M, Busciglio I, Burton D, Stoner E, Noonan P, et al. Randomized controlled phase Ib study of ghrelin agonist, RM-131, in type 2 diabetic women with delayed gastric emptying: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Diabetes Care 2013; 36: 41-48.
  • Referans 30. Mekaroonkamol P, Dacha S, Wang L, Xiayau L, Jipang Y, Li L, et al. Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy reduces symptoms, increases quality of life, and reduces health care use for patients with gastroparesis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2019; 17: 82-89.
  • Referans 31. Lacy B, Jan Tack E, Prakash Gyawali C. AGA clinical practice update on management of medically refractory gastroparesis: expert review. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2022; 20: 491-500.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Due to Hemochromatosis, Diabetic Gastroparesis Due to Dysregulated Diabetes: A Case

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 135 - 141, 16.12.2025
https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK

Öz

Hemochromatosis; It is an autosomal recessive iron metabolism disease caused by progressive iron accumulation in various parenchymal organs, accompanied by iron metabolism disorders. Hereditary Hemochromatosis is a hereditary disease in which genetic and environmental factors play a role in its pathogenesis. As the course of the disease progresses, irreversible organ damage develops with progressive iron accumulation in many organs such as the liver, spleen, pancreas, joints, heart, pituitary gland and skin due to the absorption of excessive amounts of iron. Hyperpigmentation, DM and hepatomegaly can be seen frequently in Hemochromatosis. In this case report, it is aimed to present a patient who developed diabetes due to hemochromatosis and diabetic gastroparesis due to unregulated diabetes.

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1. Bacon BR, Powell Lw, Adams Pc, Kresina T, Hoofnagle J. Molecular medicine and hemochromatosis:at the crossroads. Gastroenterology 1999;116:193-207.
  • Referans 2. Utzschneider KM, Kowdley KV. Hereditary hemochromatosis and diabetes mellitus: implications for clinical practice. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010; 6:26.
  • Referans 3. Niederau C, Fischer R, Purschel A, Stremmel W, Haussinger D, Strohmeyer G. Long term survival in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis. Gastroenterology 1996;110:1107.
  • Referans 4. Hasler, William L. Gastroparesis. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2012, 28.6: 621-628.
  • Referans 5. Choung RS, Locke GR, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister A, Joseph M, Nicholas T. Risk of gastroparesis in subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes in the general population. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107: 82-88.
  • Referans 6. Parkman HP, Yates K, Hasler WL, Nguyen L, Pasricha P, Snape W. Similarities and differences between diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 9: 1056-1064.
  • Referans 7. Waheed A, Parkkila S, Zhou XY, Sly W. Hereditary hemochromatosis: effects of C282Y and H63D mutations on association with B2-microglobulin intracellular processing, and cell surface expression of the HFE protein in COS-7 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94:12384-9.
  • Referans 8. Sampson M, Tracey W, Phipp H, Richard H, Greenwood R, Temple J, et al. Prevalence of HFE (hemochromatosis gene) mutations in unselected male patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 2000; 135;170-173.
  • Referans 9. Ordög, T, Takayama, WK Cheung, SM Ward, KM Sanders. Remodeling of networks of interstitial cells of Cajal in a murine model of diabetic gastroparesis. Diabetes 2000; 49: 1731-1739.
  • Referans 10. Ishiguchi T, Nakajima M, Sone H, Tada H, Kumagai A, Takahashi T. Gastric distension-induced pyloric relaxation: central nervous system regulation and effects of acute hyperglycaemia in the rat. J Physiol 2001;533:801-13.
  • Referans 11. Jebbınk, M Samsom, PPM Bruijs, B Bravenboeret, Akkermans LMA, Henegouwen G, et al. Hyperglycemia induces abnormalities of gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology, 1994, 107: 1390-1397.
  • Referans 12. Locke I, Richard G, Cathy S, Alan Z, Joseph M, Nicholas T. Risk of gastroparesis in subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes in the general population. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG 2012;107: 82-88
  • Referans 13. Parkman Henry P, Hallinan WL, Hasler G, Farrugia KL, Koch L, Nguyen WL, et al. Early satiety and postprandial fullness in gastroparesis correlate with gastroparesis severity, gastric emptying, and water load testing. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2017; 29; 4: 12981.
  • Referans 14. Pasrıcha, Pankaj J, Grover M, Yates K, Abell T, Bernard C, Koch K, et al. Functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis in tertiary care are interchangeable syndromes with common clinical and pathologic features. Gastroenterology, 2021; 160: 2006-2017
  • Referans 15. Soykan I, Sivri B Sarosiek I, Kiernan B, Mccallum R. Demography, clinical characteristics, psychological and abuse profiles, treatment, and long-term follow-up of patients with gastroparesis. Digestive Diseases Sci 1998; 43: 2398-2404.
  • Referans 16. Camiller M. Management of patients with chronic abdominal pain in clinical practice. Neurogastroenterology Motility 2006; 18: 499-506.
  • Referans 17. Hasler William L, Wilson L, Henry P, Linda N, Thomas L, Kenneth L, et al. Bloating in gastroparesis: severity, impact, and associated factors. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG, 2011; 106: 1492-1502.
  • Referans 18. Camilleri M, Shın A. Novel and validated approaches for gastric emptying scintigraphy in patients with suspected gastroparesis. Digestive Diseases Sci. 2013; 58: 1813-1815.
  • Referans 19. Camilleri M. ACG clinical guideline: gastroparesis. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG 2022; 117: 1197-1220.
  • Referans 20. Wytıaz V, Hamko C, Duffy F, Schey R, Parkman H. Foods provoking and alleviating symptoms in gastroparesis: patient experiences. Digestive Diseases Sci 2015; 60: 1052-1058.
  • Referans 21. Olausson, Eva A, Stine S, Hakan G, Mats I, Stig A, Magnus S. A small particle size diet reduces upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with diabetic gastroparesis: a randomized controlled trial. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology ACG 2014; 109: 375-385.
  • Referans 22. Bujanda, Luis. The effects of alcohol consumption upon the gastrointestinal tract. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology ACG 2000; 95: 3374-3382.
  • Referans 23. Mccallum RW, Valenzuela G, Polepalle S, Spyker D. Subcutaneous metoclopramide in the treatment of symptomatic gastroparesis: clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1991; 258: 136-142.
  • Referans 24. Prather CM, Camilleri M, Thomforde GM, Forstrom LA, Zinsmeister AR. Gastric axial forces in experimentally delayed and accelerated gastric emptying. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 1993; 264: 928-934.
  • Referans 25. Camilleri M, Balm R, Zınsmeıster A. Determinants of response to a prokinetic agent in neuropathic chronic intestinal motility disorder. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: 916-923.
  • Referans 26. Kessing BF, Smooth RJ, Bennink N, Oors M, Bredenoordd AJ. Prucalopride decreases esophageal acid exposure and accelerates gastric emptying in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2014; 26: 1079-1086.
  • Referans 27. Sawhney MS, Prakash C, Lustman PJ, Clouse RE. Tricyclic antidepressants for chronic vomiting in diabetic patients. Digestive Diseases Sci. 2007; 52: 418-424.
  • Referans 28. Carlin J, Polymeropoulos C, Camilleri M, Lembo A, Fisler M, Kupersmith M, et al. The Efficacy of Tradipitant in Patients With Diabetic and Idiopathic Gastroparesis in a Phase 3 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2024.
  • Referans 29. Shin A, Camilleri M, Busciglio I, Burton D, Stoner E, Noonan P, et al. Randomized controlled phase Ib study of ghrelin agonist, RM-131, in type 2 diabetic women with delayed gastric emptying: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Diabetes Care 2013; 36: 41-48.
  • Referans 30. Mekaroonkamol P, Dacha S, Wang L, Xiayau L, Jipang Y, Li L, et al. Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy reduces symptoms, increases quality of life, and reduces health care use for patients with gastroparesis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2019; 17: 82-89.
  • Referans 31. Lacy B, Jan Tack E, Prakash Gyawali C. AGA clinical practice update on management of medically refractory gastroparesis: expert review. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2022; 20: 491-500.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Endokrinoloji, İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm Olgu Sunumu
Yazarlar

Ali Akın 0000-0002-5898-5995

Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 30 Eylül 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Aralık 2025
IZ https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Akın, A. (2025). Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences, 17(3), 135-141. https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK
AMA 1.Akın A. Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu. Int J Tokat Med Sci. 2025;17(3):135-141. https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK
Chicago Akın, Ali. 2025. “Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu”. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences 17 (3): 135-41. https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK.
EndNote Akın A (01 Aralık 2025) Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences 17 3 135–141.
IEEE [1]A. Akın, “Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu”, Int J Tokat Med Sci, c. 17, sy 3, ss. 135–141, Ara. 2025, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK
ISNAD Akın, Ali. “Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu”. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences 17/3 (01 Aralık 2025): 135-141. https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK.
JAMA 1.Akın A. Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu. Int J Tokat Med Sci. 2025;17:135–141.
MLA Akın, Ali. “Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu”. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences, c. 17, sy 3, Aralık 2025, ss. 135-41, https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK.
Vancouver 1.Akın A. Hemokromatozise Bağlı Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus, Disregüle Diyabete Bağlı Diyabetik Gastroparezi Olgusu. Int J Tokat Med Sci [Internet]. 01 Aralık 2025;17(3):135-41. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA47TA64HK