Ketojenik Diyetin Dirençli Epilepsi Üzerine Etkisine Güncel Bakış

Öz

Epilepsi; nöbetler ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Epilepsi hastalarının çoğunda nöbetler anti epileptik ilaçlar kullanılarak kontrol edilebilmektedir ancak dirençli epilepsi olarak adlandırılan epilepsi türünde, ilaçlar nöbet kontrolü üzerine etkili değildir. Buna ek olarak, bazı hastalarda ilaçların istenmeyen yan etkileri, antiepileptik ilaç kullanımının kesilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu ve benzeri durumlarda, farmakolojik bir tedavi türü olmayan ketojenik diyet, alternatif tedavi yöntemi olarak önerilmektedir. Ketojenik diyetin epilepsi tedavisinde etkin rol oynayabileceğini düşündüren temel gerçeklik ise, nöronlar için ana enerji substratı olan glikoz yerine, açlık gibi bazı durumlarda keton cisimlerinin kullanılıyor olmasıdır. Keton cisimlerinin oluşmasını sağlayan ancak ketojenik diyete uygulama kolaylığı ve esnekliği sağlaması adına farklı ketojenik diyet türleri oluşturulmuştur. Dirençli epilepsi tedavisinde hastaların tolere edebilirliğine göre bu ketojenik diyet yaklaşımları kullanılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, ketojenik diyet ve türlerinin dirençli epilepsi üzerine etkisinin derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ketojenik diyet
• epilepsi
• beslenme

Current Overview of the Ketogenic Diet Effecst on Refractory Epilepsy

Öz

Epilepsy is a disease characterized by seizures. In most patients with epilepsy, seizures can be controlled using anti-epileptic drugs, but in the type of epilepsy called resistant epilepsy, drugs are not effective on seizure control. In addition, the undesirable side effects of antiepileptic drugs in some patients lead to the cessation of antiepileptic use. In these and similar cases, the ketogenic diet, which is not a pharmacological treatment type, is considered as an alternative treatment method. The basic reality suggesting that the ketogenic diet can play an effective role in the treatment of epilepsy is that instead of glucose, which is the main energy substrate for neurons, ketone bodies are used in some cases such as hunger. Again, different ketogenic diets have been created to enable the formation of ketone bodies and provide ease and flexibility to the ketogenic diet. Depending on the tolerability of patients in the treatment of epilepsy, one of these ketogenic diet variations can be used. This review was conducted to evaluate the effect of ketogenic diet on epilepsy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ketogenic diet
• epilepsy
• nutrition

Kaynakça

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