GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERDE YOLSUZLUK: GANA ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Yolsuzluk, yalnızca gelişmekte olan ülkelerle sınırlı olmayan önemli bir olgudur. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler için sürdürülebilir ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyal kalkınmanın önünde ciddi bir engel olarak görülmektedir. Gana’nın iyi yönetişim ve demokrasi konusunda kazandığı başarılara karşın, ülkenin tüm sektörlerinde hükümetin yasama, yürütme ve yargı organları kök salmış ve yaygınlaşmış olan yolsuzluk halen toplum sorunu olmayı sürdürmekte, dolayısıyla da Gana’nın ekonomik büyümesini engellemektedir. Yolsuzluk ile ilgili tartışmaya bir katkı niteliğinde olan bu makale gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yolsuzluğun sebeplerini ve kalkınma üzerindeki ekonomik, siyasi, sosyal ve kültürel sonuçlarını ele almaktadır. Gana’daki yolsuzluğun sebepleri ayrıca siyasi ekonomi, sosyal ve kültürel yapı, milli ekonomi ve yolsuzlukla mücadele için uygulamaya konulan mekanizmalar üzerindeki etkileri bakımından da incelenmiştir. Ülkenin kalkınmasını iyileştirmek amacıyla kullanılması gerekirken yolsuzluk faaliyetleri neticesinde kaybedilen milyarlarca cedi Gana’nın para birimi ve bunun yoksul kesime verdiği zararın büyüklüğü göz önüne alındığında, yolsuzluğun etkisinin çok ciddi olduğu görülebilir. Yolsuzluk faaliyetleri ile mücadeleyi hedefleyen muhtelif düzenleyici ve kurumsal mekanizmalar geliştirilmiştir. Ancak yıllar içerisinde siyasi iradenin yokluğu bu mekanizmaların uygulanmasına ve etkinliğine engel olmuştur. Öte yandan, son dönemde yalnızca yolsuzluk faaliyetlerinde bulunan kamu görevlilerinin yargılanması amacıyla özel savcılık kurumunun teşkil edilmesi ile yolsuzlukla mücadele alanında bir eylemliliğin mevcut olduğu gözlemlenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yolsuzluk,Gelişmekte ülkeler,ekonomik Kalkınma,Gana

CORRUPTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF GHANA

Abstract

Corruption is a major phenomenon not only in developing countries. Its seen as the major obstacle to sustainable economic, political and social development, particularly for developing economies. Notwithstanding, the successes gained by Ghana in good governance and democracy, corruption remains the bane of the society, inherently rooted and widespread in all sectors of the country the legislature, executive and judiciary organs of the government thereby stifling Ghana’s economy growth. As a contribution to the debate over corruption, this paper reviews the causes of corruption in developing countries and the economic, political, social and cultural implications of corruption on development. The causes of corruption in Ghana is also examined in terms of the influence on the political economy, the social and cultural structure, the national economy and the mechanisms put in place to tackle corruption. The impact of corruption was observed to be enormous manifesting to the loss of billions of cedis that should be invested in improving the development of the country, thus harming the poor people extremely. Various regulatory and institutional mechanism have been devised to address corrupt practices. But the implementation and effectiveness of these mechanisms have been thwarted by the lack of political will over the years. However, In Recent time there appears to be an agency in fighting corruption with the establishment of the special prosecutor for the sole purpose of prosecuting corrupt public officials.

Keywords

• Corruption,developing countries,economic development,Ghana

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