Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 5, 85 - 150, 31.07.2018

Öz

Şirketlerin mevcut pay sahiplerinin ve muhtemel yatırımcılarının, şirket finansal mali durum tablolarına bilinçli ve tam olarak güvenmelerine hizmet eden, ‘şirketlerin yıllık hesap denetçilerinin tam bağımsızlığının gerekliliği’ hususu bu makalenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, şirketleri denetleyen denetim şirketlerinin sübjektif ve haksız bir şekilde şirketler lehine tutum almasına neden olan muhtelif saikleri ortaya koymakta ve dolayısıyla bu yanlı tutumun yatırımcılar ile pay sahipleri ve kamu bakımından teşkil ettiği risklerin niteliğini açıklamaktadır. Makale bu riskleri azaltmak için Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde ve Avrupa’da kabul edilmiş çeşitli yasal düzenlemeleri incelemekte ve bu düzenlemelerin şirket denetçilerinin bağımsızlığını sağlayıp sağlayamadığını değerlendirmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • AREL, Barbara/ BRODY, Richard/ PANY Kurt, “Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality” The CPA Journal, 2005, Vol. 75, Issue 1, 36-42.
  • BABCOCK, Linda/ LOEWENSTEIN George, “Explaining Bargaining Impasse: The Role of Self-Serving Biases” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1997, Vol. 11, pp 109-126.
  • BABCOCK, Linda/ LOEWENSTEIN George/ ISSACHAROFF, Samuel “Biased Judgments of Fairness in Bargaining” American Economic Law Review, 1995, Vol. 85 1337-1343.
  • BARTLETT Roger, “A Heretical Challenge to the Invention of Auditor Independence” Accounting Horizons, 1991, Vol. 5, pp. 11-21.
  • BARRETT Matthew, “Tax Services As A Trojan Horse In The Auditor Independence Provisions Of Sarbanes-Oxley” Michigan State Law Review, 2004, Vol. 2004, pp. 463-504.
  • BAZERMAN Max/ MORGAN, Kimberly/ LOEWENSTEIN George, “The Impossibility of Auditor Independence” Sloan Management Review, 1997, Vol. 38, pp. 89-94.
  • BAZERMAN Max/ LOEWENSTEIN George/ MOORE, Don, “Why Good Accountants Do Bad Audits” Harvard Business Review, 2002, Vol. 80, pp. 102-134.
  • BYRNES, Nanette ‘Where Have all the Accountants Gone?’ Businessweek (Newyork 27 March 2000) http://www.businessweek.com/2000/00_13/b3674173.htm accessed 16 July 2012.
  • Canadian Public Accountability Board “Enhancing Audit Quality: Report on the 2010 Inspections of the Quality of Audits Conducted by Public Accounting Firms” (2011).
  • CARCELLO, Joseph/ NEAL Terry, “Audit Committee Characteristics and Auditor Dismissals following ‘New’ GoingConcern Reports” The Accounting Review, 2003, Vol. 78, pp. 95-117. CHUNG, Janne/ PURI, Poonam/ FARRAR, Jonathan/ THORNE, Linda, “Auditor liability to third parties after Sarbanes-Oxley: An international comparison of regulatory and legal reforms” Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 2010, Vol. 19, 66-78.
  • COFFEE, John, “What Caused Enron? A Capsule Social and Economic History of the 1990’s” Cornell Law Review, Vol. 89, Issue 4, pp. 269-309.
  • COFFEE, John ‘Gatekeeper Failure and Reform: The Challenge of Fashioning Relevant Reforms’ Boston University Law Review, 2004, Vol. 84, pp. 301-364.
  • COFFEE, John ‘The Attorney as Gatekeeper: An Agenda for the SEC’ Columbia Law Review, 2003, Vol. 103, pp. 1293-1316.
  • COFFEE, John, Gatekeepers: the Professions and Corporate Governance, Oxford, 2006.
  • European Commission, “The Role, the Position and the Liability of the Statutory Auditor within the European Union” (1996).
  • European Commission Recommendation of 16 May 2002 on Statutory Auditors' Independence in the EU: A Set of Fundamental Principles [2002/590/EC] OJL 191/2.
  • European Commission Recommendation of 5 June 2008 concerning the limitation of the civil liability of statutory auditors and audit firms [2008] L 162/39.
  • European Commission Working Document, Accompanying Document to the Commission Recommendation Concerning The Limitation of the Civil Liability of Statutory Auditors and Audit Firms SEC (2008) 1975.
  • European Commission “Green Paper: Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis” COM(2010) 561 final.
  • European Commission Proposal for a Regulation on specific requirements regarding statutory audit of public-interest entities, COM (2011) 779/3, 2011/0359 (COD).
  • European Commission Staff Working Paper Impact Assessment (2011) COM(2011)779, SEC(2011) 1384 < http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=SEC:2011:1384:F IN:EN:PDF> accessed 15 June 2012.
  • European Commission “Summary of Responses Green Paper Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis” (2011) http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/consultations/docs/2010/audi t/summary_responses_en.pdf accessed 12 July 2012.
  • Committee on Economic Affairs Auditors: Market Concentration and Their Role (HL 2011-01).
  • CONNER, Sean ‘The Inevitability of Enron And Impossibility of Auditor Independence Under Current Audit System’ Working Paper < http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=303181> accessed 12 July 2012.
  • Council Directive 2006/43/Ec Of 17 May 2006 On Statutory Audits Of Annual Accounts And Consolidated Accounts, Amending Council Directives 78/ 660/Eec And 83/349/Eec And Repealing Council Directive 84/253/Eec [2006] OJ L 157/87.
  • CUNNINGHAM, Lawrence, “Beyond Liability: Rewarding Effective Gatekeepers” Minnesota Law Review, 2008, Vol. 92, pp. 323-386.
  • DAVIES, Paul, ‘Enron and Corporate Governance Reform in the UK and the EC’ After Enron Improving Corporate Law and Modernising Securities Regulation in Europe and the US, Ed., ARMOUR, John/ MCCAHERY, Joseph, Hart Publishing, 2006.
  • DAVIES, Paul/ RICKFORD, Jonathan, ‘An Introduction to the New UK Companies Act: Part II’, European Company and Financial Law Review, 2008, Vol. 3, p. 239-279.
  • DEE, Carol/ LULSEGED, Ayalew/ NOWLIN, Tanya ‘Prominent Audit Clients And The Relation Between Discretionary Accruals And Non-Audit Service Fees’ Advances in Accounting, 2006, Vol. 22, pp. 123–148.
  • DOPUCHA, Nicholas/ KINGA, Ronald/ SCHWARTZ Rachel, “Contingent Rents and Auditors’ Independence: Appearance vs Fact” Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 2004, Vol. 11, pp. 47-70.
  • Doralt, Walter, ‘Auditors' Liability And Its Impact On The European Financial Markets’ The Cambridge Law Journal, 2008, Vol. 67, Issue 01, pp. 62-68.
  • EBKE, Werner, ‘In Search of Alternatives: Comparative Reflections on Corporate Governance and the Independent Auditor’s Responsibilities’ Northwestern University Law Review, 1984, Vol. 79, p. 665.
  • EBKE, Werner, “Accounting, Auditing, and Global Capital Markets” Corporations, Capital Markets and Business in the Law Ed. BAUMS, Theodor/ HOPT, Klaus/ HORN, Norbert, Kluwer Law, 2000.
  • EBKE, Werner, “Corporate Governance and Auditor Independence” Reforming Company and Takeover Law in Europe, Ed., FERRARINI, Guido, Oxford, 2004.
  • European Confederation of Directors’ Associations (ECODA) “Audit Committee Guidance for European Companies” (2011). FERREIRA-GOMES, Jose Joao Montes, ‘Auditors as Gatekeepers: The European Reform of Auditors’ Legal Regime and the American Influence’ Columbia Law Journal, 2005, Vol. 11, pp. 665.
  • FLORES, Cláudio, "New Trends in Auditor Liability" European Business Organization Law Review, 2011, Vol 6, pp. 415.
  • FSA “Implementation of the 8th Company Law Directive” Policy Statement 08/06 Report of The High Level Group of Company Law Experts on A Modern Regulatory Framework for Company Law in Europe (2002).
  • GOLDBERG, Victor, ‘Accountable Accountants: Is Third-Party Liability Necessary?’ Journal of Legal Studies, 1988, Vol. 17, pp. 295-312.
  • GILSON, Ronald/ KRAAKMAN, Reiner ‘The Mechanisms of Market Efficiency’ Virginia Law Review, 1984, Vol. 70, pp. 549-644.
  • AVIES, Paul, and WORTHINGTON, Sarah, Gower’s Principles of Modern Company Law, 8th edition, Sweet&Maxwell, 2009.
  • HAMDANI, Assaf ‘Gatekeeper Liability’ Southern California Law Review, 2003, Vol. 77, pp. 53-122.
  • HERRICK, Thaddeus/ BARRIONUEVO, Alexei ‘Were Enron, Anderson Too Close to Allow Auditor to Do Its Job’ The Wall Street Journal (New York January 21, 2002) accessed 25 June 2012.
  • HOYLE, Joe ‘Mandatory Audit Rotation: The Arguments and An Alternative’ The Journal of Accountancy, 1978, Vol. 145/5, pp. 69-89.
  • House of Commons Treasury Committee “Banking Crisis: Reforming Corporate Governance and Pay in the City” (2009) the Stationary Office.
  • Insurance and Reinsurance Federation “CEA Response to the EC Consultation on auditors’ liability and its impact on the European Capital Markets” (2007) http://www.insuranceeurope.eu/uploads/Modules/Publications/ position324.pdf> accessed 10 June 2012.
  • JOE, Jennifer/ VANDERVELDE, Scott ‘Do Auditor-Provided Non-audit Services Improve Audit Effectiveness?’ Contemporary Accounting Research, 2007, Vol. 24, Issue 2, pp. 467–487.
  • KERSHAW David, ‘Waiting for Enron: The Unstable Equilibrium of Auditor Independence Regulation’, Journal of Law and Society, 2006, Vol. 33, pp. 388-420.
  • KINNEY, William/ PALMROSE, Zoey-Vonna/ Scholz, SUSAN, ‘Auditor Independence, NASs, and Restatements: Was the U.S. Government Right?’ Journal of Accounting Research, 2004, Vol. 42, pp. 561-588.
  • KRAAKMAN, Reiner, “Gatekeepers: The Anatomy of a ThirdParty Enforcement Strategy” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organisation, 1986, Vol. 2, pp. 53-104.
  • KRISHAN, Jagan/ KRISHAN, Jayanthi ‘Litigation Risk and Auditor Resignations’ The Accounting Review, 1997, Vol. 72, pp. 539-560.
  • KRISHNAN, Jayanthi/ SAMI, Heibatollah/ ZHANG, Yinqi ‘Does the Provision of Non-audit Services Affect Investor Perceptions of Auditor Independence?’ Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 2005, Vol. 24, pp. 111-135.
  • LAI, Kam/ YIM, Andrew, ‘NASs and Big 5 Auditor Independence: Evidence from Audit Pricing and Audit Opinion of Initial Engagament’ http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=340000 accessed 21 July 2012.
  • London Economics, “Study on the Economic Impact of Auditors Liability Regimes” (2006) < http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/auditing/docs/liability/audito rs-final-report_en.pdf> accessed 24 April 2012.
  • Max Planck Institute Working Group on Auditor Independence -Comments on the European Commission Green Paper: Audit Policy – Lessons from the Crisis Private Law Research Paper No. 10/24. Max Planck Institute Working Group on Auditor Independence “Auditor Independence at the Crossroads-Regulation and Incentives” (2011) 13 EBOLR 89.
  • MELIS, Andrea "Corporate Governance Failures: To What Extent Is Parmalat a Particularly Italian Case?" Corporate Governance: An International Review, 2005, Vol. 13, pp 478-488.
  • MOORE Don/ TETLOCK, Philip/ TANLU Lloyd/ BAZERMAN Max, “Conflicts of Interest and The Case of Auditor Independence: Moral Seduction and Strategic Issue Cycling” Academy of Management Review, 2006, Vol. 31, pp. 10-29.
  • PARTNOY, Frank, ‘Barbarians at the Gatekeepers?: A Proposal for a Modified Strict Liability Regime’ Washington University Law Review, 2001, Vol. 79, pp. 491-548.
  • Public Company Accounting Oversight Body (PCAOB), “Concept Release on Auditor Independence and Audit Firm Rotation” (2011) PCAOB Release No. 2011-006. QUICK, Reiner/ WARMING-RASMUSSEN, Bent, “Auditor Independence and the Provision of NASs Perception by German Investors” International Journal of Auditing, 2009, Vol. 13, pp. 141-162.
  • RAIBORN, Cecily/ SCHORG, Chandra/ MASSOUD, Marcos ‘Should Auditor Rotation Be Mandatory’ Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance, 2006, Vol. 17, pp. 37-49.
  • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) “Final Rule: Revision of the Commission's Auditor Independence Requirements” http://www.sec.gov/rules/final/33-7919.htm#P788_320598 12 July 2012.
  • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) “Proposed Rule, Strengthening the Commission’s Requirements Regarding Auditor Independence (2002) SEC Release 33-8154.
  • SIKKA, Prem, “Financial Crisis and the Silence of the Auditors” Accounting, Organisation and Society, 2009, Vol. 34, pp. 868-873.
  • The High Level Group of Company Law Experts, “Report on a Modern Regulatory Framework for Company Law in Europe” (2002).
  • TROMPETER, Greg, ‘The Effect of Partner Compensation Schemes and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles on Audit Partner Judgment’ Auditing: Journal of Practice and Theory, 1994, Vol. 13, pp. 56-76.
  • UK FRC, “Response to Green Paper: ‘Audit Policy: Lessons from The Crisis’” (2010).
  • U.S. General Accounting Office, “Required Study on the Potential Effects of Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation” (2003).
  • WATTS, Ross/ ZIMMERMAN, Jerold, ‘Agency Problems, Auditing, and the Theory of the Firm: Some Evidence” Journal of Law and Economics, 1983, Vol. 26, Issue 3, 613-633.
  • ZEFF, Stephen ‘How the U.S. accounting profession got where it is today’ Accounting Horizons, 2003, Vol. 17, pp. 189-205.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE UNDER THE NEW AUDIT REGULATIONS IN THE EU

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 5, 85 - 150, 31.07.2018

Öz

The subject of this article is the need for total independence of the auditors of annual company accounts, so that the companies’ investors and shareholders, actual and potential, can place informed
and well-founded trust in its official financial statements. This study sets out the various incentives a hired firm of auditors may have for adopting a subjective and unduly favourable stance towards its
employers and explains the nature of the risks thereby entailed to the company’s investors and shareholders, and indeed to the wider general public. It analyses the various legislative safeguards already
adopted and the formal recommendations or proposed directives, made by the EU and US legislatures in recent years, to minimise or eliminate such risks, and assesses whether these regulations could ensure auditor independence.

Kaynakça

  • AREL, Barbara/ BRODY, Richard/ PANY Kurt, “Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality” The CPA Journal, 2005, Vol. 75, Issue 1, 36-42.
  • BABCOCK, Linda/ LOEWENSTEIN George, “Explaining Bargaining Impasse: The Role of Self-Serving Biases” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1997, Vol. 11, pp 109-126.
  • BABCOCK, Linda/ LOEWENSTEIN George/ ISSACHAROFF, Samuel “Biased Judgments of Fairness in Bargaining” American Economic Law Review, 1995, Vol. 85 1337-1343.
  • BARTLETT Roger, “A Heretical Challenge to the Invention of Auditor Independence” Accounting Horizons, 1991, Vol. 5, pp. 11-21.
  • BARRETT Matthew, “Tax Services As A Trojan Horse In The Auditor Independence Provisions Of Sarbanes-Oxley” Michigan State Law Review, 2004, Vol. 2004, pp. 463-504.
  • BAZERMAN Max/ MORGAN, Kimberly/ LOEWENSTEIN George, “The Impossibility of Auditor Independence” Sloan Management Review, 1997, Vol. 38, pp. 89-94.
  • BAZERMAN Max/ LOEWENSTEIN George/ MOORE, Don, “Why Good Accountants Do Bad Audits” Harvard Business Review, 2002, Vol. 80, pp. 102-134.
  • BYRNES, Nanette ‘Where Have all the Accountants Gone?’ Businessweek (Newyork 27 March 2000) http://www.businessweek.com/2000/00_13/b3674173.htm accessed 16 July 2012.
  • Canadian Public Accountability Board “Enhancing Audit Quality: Report on the 2010 Inspections of the Quality of Audits Conducted by Public Accounting Firms” (2011).
  • CARCELLO, Joseph/ NEAL Terry, “Audit Committee Characteristics and Auditor Dismissals following ‘New’ GoingConcern Reports” The Accounting Review, 2003, Vol. 78, pp. 95-117. CHUNG, Janne/ PURI, Poonam/ FARRAR, Jonathan/ THORNE, Linda, “Auditor liability to third parties after Sarbanes-Oxley: An international comparison of regulatory and legal reforms” Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 2010, Vol. 19, 66-78.
  • COFFEE, John, “What Caused Enron? A Capsule Social and Economic History of the 1990’s” Cornell Law Review, Vol. 89, Issue 4, pp. 269-309.
  • COFFEE, John ‘Gatekeeper Failure and Reform: The Challenge of Fashioning Relevant Reforms’ Boston University Law Review, 2004, Vol. 84, pp. 301-364.
  • COFFEE, John ‘The Attorney as Gatekeeper: An Agenda for the SEC’ Columbia Law Review, 2003, Vol. 103, pp. 1293-1316.
  • COFFEE, John, Gatekeepers: the Professions and Corporate Governance, Oxford, 2006.
  • European Commission, “The Role, the Position and the Liability of the Statutory Auditor within the European Union” (1996).
  • European Commission Recommendation of 16 May 2002 on Statutory Auditors' Independence in the EU: A Set of Fundamental Principles [2002/590/EC] OJL 191/2.
  • European Commission Recommendation of 5 June 2008 concerning the limitation of the civil liability of statutory auditors and audit firms [2008] L 162/39.
  • European Commission Working Document, Accompanying Document to the Commission Recommendation Concerning The Limitation of the Civil Liability of Statutory Auditors and Audit Firms SEC (2008) 1975.
  • European Commission “Green Paper: Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis” COM(2010) 561 final.
  • European Commission Proposal for a Regulation on specific requirements regarding statutory audit of public-interest entities, COM (2011) 779/3, 2011/0359 (COD).
  • European Commission Staff Working Paper Impact Assessment (2011) COM(2011)779, SEC(2011) 1384 < http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=SEC:2011:1384:F IN:EN:PDF> accessed 15 June 2012.
  • European Commission “Summary of Responses Green Paper Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis” (2011) http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/consultations/docs/2010/audi t/summary_responses_en.pdf accessed 12 July 2012.
  • Committee on Economic Affairs Auditors: Market Concentration and Their Role (HL 2011-01).
  • CONNER, Sean ‘The Inevitability of Enron And Impossibility of Auditor Independence Under Current Audit System’ Working Paper < http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=303181> accessed 12 July 2012.
  • Council Directive 2006/43/Ec Of 17 May 2006 On Statutory Audits Of Annual Accounts And Consolidated Accounts, Amending Council Directives 78/ 660/Eec And 83/349/Eec And Repealing Council Directive 84/253/Eec [2006] OJ L 157/87.
  • CUNNINGHAM, Lawrence, “Beyond Liability: Rewarding Effective Gatekeepers” Minnesota Law Review, 2008, Vol. 92, pp. 323-386.
  • DAVIES, Paul, ‘Enron and Corporate Governance Reform in the UK and the EC’ After Enron Improving Corporate Law and Modernising Securities Regulation in Europe and the US, Ed., ARMOUR, John/ MCCAHERY, Joseph, Hart Publishing, 2006.
  • DAVIES, Paul/ RICKFORD, Jonathan, ‘An Introduction to the New UK Companies Act: Part II’, European Company and Financial Law Review, 2008, Vol. 3, p. 239-279.
  • DEE, Carol/ LULSEGED, Ayalew/ NOWLIN, Tanya ‘Prominent Audit Clients And The Relation Between Discretionary Accruals And Non-Audit Service Fees’ Advances in Accounting, 2006, Vol. 22, pp. 123–148.
  • DOPUCHA, Nicholas/ KINGA, Ronald/ SCHWARTZ Rachel, “Contingent Rents and Auditors’ Independence: Appearance vs Fact” Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 2004, Vol. 11, pp. 47-70.
  • Doralt, Walter, ‘Auditors' Liability And Its Impact On The European Financial Markets’ The Cambridge Law Journal, 2008, Vol. 67, Issue 01, pp. 62-68.
  • EBKE, Werner, ‘In Search of Alternatives: Comparative Reflections on Corporate Governance and the Independent Auditor’s Responsibilities’ Northwestern University Law Review, 1984, Vol. 79, p. 665.
  • EBKE, Werner, “Accounting, Auditing, and Global Capital Markets” Corporations, Capital Markets and Business in the Law Ed. BAUMS, Theodor/ HOPT, Klaus/ HORN, Norbert, Kluwer Law, 2000.
  • EBKE, Werner, “Corporate Governance and Auditor Independence” Reforming Company and Takeover Law in Europe, Ed., FERRARINI, Guido, Oxford, 2004.
  • European Confederation of Directors’ Associations (ECODA) “Audit Committee Guidance for European Companies” (2011). FERREIRA-GOMES, Jose Joao Montes, ‘Auditors as Gatekeepers: The European Reform of Auditors’ Legal Regime and the American Influence’ Columbia Law Journal, 2005, Vol. 11, pp. 665.
  • FLORES, Cláudio, "New Trends in Auditor Liability" European Business Organization Law Review, 2011, Vol 6, pp. 415.
  • FSA “Implementation of the 8th Company Law Directive” Policy Statement 08/06 Report of The High Level Group of Company Law Experts on A Modern Regulatory Framework for Company Law in Europe (2002).
  • GOLDBERG, Victor, ‘Accountable Accountants: Is Third-Party Liability Necessary?’ Journal of Legal Studies, 1988, Vol. 17, pp. 295-312.
  • GILSON, Ronald/ KRAAKMAN, Reiner ‘The Mechanisms of Market Efficiency’ Virginia Law Review, 1984, Vol. 70, pp. 549-644.
  • AVIES, Paul, and WORTHINGTON, Sarah, Gower’s Principles of Modern Company Law, 8th edition, Sweet&Maxwell, 2009.
  • HAMDANI, Assaf ‘Gatekeeper Liability’ Southern California Law Review, 2003, Vol. 77, pp. 53-122.
  • HERRICK, Thaddeus/ BARRIONUEVO, Alexei ‘Were Enron, Anderson Too Close to Allow Auditor to Do Its Job’ The Wall Street Journal (New York January 21, 2002) accessed 25 June 2012.
  • HOYLE, Joe ‘Mandatory Audit Rotation: The Arguments and An Alternative’ The Journal of Accountancy, 1978, Vol. 145/5, pp. 69-89.
  • House of Commons Treasury Committee “Banking Crisis: Reforming Corporate Governance and Pay in the City” (2009) the Stationary Office.
  • Insurance and Reinsurance Federation “CEA Response to the EC Consultation on auditors’ liability and its impact on the European Capital Markets” (2007) http://www.insuranceeurope.eu/uploads/Modules/Publications/ position324.pdf> accessed 10 June 2012.
  • JOE, Jennifer/ VANDERVELDE, Scott ‘Do Auditor-Provided Non-audit Services Improve Audit Effectiveness?’ Contemporary Accounting Research, 2007, Vol. 24, Issue 2, pp. 467–487.
  • KERSHAW David, ‘Waiting for Enron: The Unstable Equilibrium of Auditor Independence Regulation’, Journal of Law and Society, 2006, Vol. 33, pp. 388-420.
  • KINNEY, William/ PALMROSE, Zoey-Vonna/ Scholz, SUSAN, ‘Auditor Independence, NASs, and Restatements: Was the U.S. Government Right?’ Journal of Accounting Research, 2004, Vol. 42, pp. 561-588.
  • KRAAKMAN, Reiner, “Gatekeepers: The Anatomy of a ThirdParty Enforcement Strategy” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organisation, 1986, Vol. 2, pp. 53-104.
  • KRISHAN, Jagan/ KRISHAN, Jayanthi ‘Litigation Risk and Auditor Resignations’ The Accounting Review, 1997, Vol. 72, pp. 539-560.
  • KRISHNAN, Jayanthi/ SAMI, Heibatollah/ ZHANG, Yinqi ‘Does the Provision of Non-audit Services Affect Investor Perceptions of Auditor Independence?’ Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 2005, Vol. 24, pp. 111-135.
  • LAI, Kam/ YIM, Andrew, ‘NASs and Big 5 Auditor Independence: Evidence from Audit Pricing and Audit Opinion of Initial Engagament’ http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=340000 accessed 21 July 2012.
  • London Economics, “Study on the Economic Impact of Auditors Liability Regimes” (2006) < http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/auditing/docs/liability/audito rs-final-report_en.pdf> accessed 24 April 2012.
  • Max Planck Institute Working Group on Auditor Independence -Comments on the European Commission Green Paper: Audit Policy – Lessons from the Crisis Private Law Research Paper No. 10/24. Max Planck Institute Working Group on Auditor Independence “Auditor Independence at the Crossroads-Regulation and Incentives” (2011) 13 EBOLR 89.
  • MELIS, Andrea "Corporate Governance Failures: To What Extent Is Parmalat a Particularly Italian Case?" Corporate Governance: An International Review, 2005, Vol. 13, pp 478-488.
  • MOORE Don/ TETLOCK, Philip/ TANLU Lloyd/ BAZERMAN Max, “Conflicts of Interest and The Case of Auditor Independence: Moral Seduction and Strategic Issue Cycling” Academy of Management Review, 2006, Vol. 31, pp. 10-29.
  • PARTNOY, Frank, ‘Barbarians at the Gatekeepers?: A Proposal for a Modified Strict Liability Regime’ Washington University Law Review, 2001, Vol. 79, pp. 491-548.
  • Public Company Accounting Oversight Body (PCAOB), “Concept Release on Auditor Independence and Audit Firm Rotation” (2011) PCAOB Release No. 2011-006. QUICK, Reiner/ WARMING-RASMUSSEN, Bent, “Auditor Independence and the Provision of NASs Perception by German Investors” International Journal of Auditing, 2009, Vol. 13, pp. 141-162.
  • RAIBORN, Cecily/ SCHORG, Chandra/ MASSOUD, Marcos ‘Should Auditor Rotation Be Mandatory’ Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance, 2006, Vol. 17, pp. 37-49.
  • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) “Final Rule: Revision of the Commission's Auditor Independence Requirements” http://www.sec.gov/rules/final/33-7919.htm#P788_320598 12 July 2012.
  • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) “Proposed Rule, Strengthening the Commission’s Requirements Regarding Auditor Independence (2002) SEC Release 33-8154.
  • SIKKA, Prem, “Financial Crisis and the Silence of the Auditors” Accounting, Organisation and Society, 2009, Vol. 34, pp. 868-873.
  • The High Level Group of Company Law Experts, “Report on a Modern Regulatory Framework for Company Law in Europe” (2002).
  • TROMPETER, Greg, ‘The Effect of Partner Compensation Schemes and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles on Audit Partner Judgment’ Auditing: Journal of Practice and Theory, 1994, Vol. 13, pp. 56-76.
  • UK FRC, “Response to Green Paper: ‘Audit Policy: Lessons from The Crisis’” (2010).
  • U.S. General Accounting Office, “Required Study on the Potential Effects of Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation” (2003).
  • WATTS, Ross/ ZIMMERMAN, Jerold, ‘Agency Problems, Auditing, and the Theory of the Firm: Some Evidence” Journal of Law and Economics, 1983, Vol. 26, Issue 3, 613-633.
  • ZEFF, Stephen ‘How the U.S. accounting profession got where it is today’ Accounting Horizons, 2003, Vol. 17, pp. 189-205.
Toplam 68 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Hukuk
Bölüm C. 3. S. 5 Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ekrem Solak Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Solak, Ekrem. “A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE UNDER THE NEW AUDIT REGULATIONS IN THE EU”. İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 3, sy. 5 (Temmuz 2018): 85-150.