BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 187 - 202, 01.01.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Corpuz, O. D. (1997). An economic history of the Philippines. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
  • Cushner, N. P. (1971). Spain in the Philippines, from conquest to revolution. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University.
  • Barrows, D. P. (January 01, 1916). The Governor-General of the Philippines Under Spain and the United States. The American Historical Review, 21, 2, 288-311.
  • Boxer, C. R. (January 01, 1970). Plata es Sangre: Sidelights on the drain of Spanish-American silver in the Far East, 1550-1700. Philippine Studies 18 (1970), 457-478.
  • Cannell, F. (1999). Power and intimacy in the Christian Philippines. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Ch'en, C. (1968). The Chinese community in the 16th century Philippines: Ch'en Ching-ho. [Translated from the Chinese by the author.]. Tokyo: Centre for East Asian cultural studies.
  • García-Abásolo, A. F. (1997). España y el Pacífico. Madrid: Dirección General de Relaciones Culturales, Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores
  • Hamashita, T., Grove, L., & Selden, M. (2008). China, East Asia and the global economy: Regional and historical perspectives. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
  • Hidalgo, N. P. (1995). Encomienda, tributo y trabajo en Filipinas, 1570-1608. Madrid: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
  • In Felix, A., & Philippine Historical Conservation Society. (1969). The Chinese in the Philippines: Vol. 2. Manila: Solidaridad Pub. House.
  • Jocano, F. L. (1975). The Philippines at the Spanish contact: Some major accounts of early Filipino society and culture. Manila: MCS Enterprises.
  • Jocano, F. L., & Jocano, F. L. (1998). Filipino prehistory: Rediscovering precolonial heritage. Metro Manila, Philippines: Punlad Research House.
  • Kamen, H. A. F. (2002). Spain's road to empire: The making of a world power, 1492-1763. London: Allen Lane.
  • Phelan, J. L. (January 01, 1957). Some Ideological Aspects of the Conquest of the Philippines. The Americas, 13, 3, 221.
  • Phelan, J. L. (1967). The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish aims and Filipino responses, 1565- 1700. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Rafael, V. L. (2001). Contracting colonialism: Translation and Christian conversion in Tagalog society under early Spanish rule. Durham, N.C: Duke University Press.
  • Reyes, . F. I. (2002). The Religion of the Katipunan: Or, The old beliefs of the Filipinos. Diliman, Quezon City: The Toyota Foundation - UP Press.
  • Schumacher, J. (September 01, 1979). The Manila Synodal Tradition: A Brief History. Philippine Studies, 27, 3, 285-348.
  • Scott, W. H. (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine culture and society. Quezon City, Manila, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  • Spate, O. H. K. (1979). The Spanish lake. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Tremml, B. (2015). Spain, China and Japan in Manila, 1571-1644: Local comparisons and global connections.

EARLY SPANISH REIGN OVER THE PHILIPPINES: SOCIAL AND SPRITUAL REMODELING

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 187 - 202, 01.01.2016

Öz

This paper aims at examining the character of Spain's policy with reference to the Philippines and its sweeping social and religious consequences in the islands between 1565 and 1700. On their arrival in the Philippines the Spaniards found the people still under a tribal allegiance and under the Spanish influence in the sixteenth century a sudden change was made in the social condition of the islands. In 1572, the “galleon trade” was named for the huge ships that carried the merchandise from all over Asia Macao, Japan, India, Java, Borneo, Indochina, Siam in exchange for silver that passed over the Pacific, especially out of Acapulco and through Manila. Although it is undeniable that there was an important intercontinental trade before 1571, there was no direct trade link between America and Asia and the viceroyalty of New Spain was the principal market for the cargoes of the Manila galleons. In that way, the Spanish crown and its Philippine colony were affected by the cultural rationale of the Chinese, while the Filipinos became formally Christians. However, the cultural meaning that emerged from this multicultural interaction was circumscribed by local cultural logics and the Filipino spiritual as well as the social Hispanization evolved as a mechanism for native adjustment. Using a wide range of research methods including analytical work and a comparative critique of already-written analyses drawing on archival resources, historical analysis, book reviews and articles, the main conclusion of this research paper refers to an indisputable need to interpret the evolution of Philippine culture from a holistic and multicultural perspective

Kaynakça

  • Corpuz, O. D. (1997). An economic history of the Philippines. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
  • Cushner, N. P. (1971). Spain in the Philippines, from conquest to revolution. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University.
  • Barrows, D. P. (January 01, 1916). The Governor-General of the Philippines Under Spain and the United States. The American Historical Review, 21, 2, 288-311.
  • Boxer, C. R. (January 01, 1970). Plata es Sangre: Sidelights on the drain of Spanish-American silver in the Far East, 1550-1700. Philippine Studies 18 (1970), 457-478.
  • Cannell, F. (1999). Power and intimacy in the Christian Philippines. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Ch'en, C. (1968). The Chinese community in the 16th century Philippines: Ch'en Ching-ho. [Translated from the Chinese by the author.]. Tokyo: Centre for East Asian cultural studies.
  • García-Abásolo, A. F. (1997). España y el Pacífico. Madrid: Dirección General de Relaciones Culturales, Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores
  • Hamashita, T., Grove, L., & Selden, M. (2008). China, East Asia and the global economy: Regional and historical perspectives. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
  • Hidalgo, N. P. (1995). Encomienda, tributo y trabajo en Filipinas, 1570-1608. Madrid: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
  • In Felix, A., & Philippine Historical Conservation Society. (1969). The Chinese in the Philippines: Vol. 2. Manila: Solidaridad Pub. House.
  • Jocano, F. L. (1975). The Philippines at the Spanish contact: Some major accounts of early Filipino society and culture. Manila: MCS Enterprises.
  • Jocano, F. L., & Jocano, F. L. (1998). Filipino prehistory: Rediscovering precolonial heritage. Metro Manila, Philippines: Punlad Research House.
  • Kamen, H. A. F. (2002). Spain's road to empire: The making of a world power, 1492-1763. London: Allen Lane.
  • Phelan, J. L. (January 01, 1957). Some Ideological Aspects of the Conquest of the Philippines. The Americas, 13, 3, 221.
  • Phelan, J. L. (1967). The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish aims and Filipino responses, 1565- 1700. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Rafael, V. L. (2001). Contracting colonialism: Translation and Christian conversion in Tagalog society under early Spanish rule. Durham, N.C: Duke University Press.
  • Reyes, . F. I. (2002). The Religion of the Katipunan: Or, The old beliefs of the Filipinos. Diliman, Quezon City: The Toyota Foundation - UP Press.
  • Schumacher, J. (September 01, 1979). The Manila Synodal Tradition: A Brief History. Philippine Studies, 27, 3, 285-348.
  • Scott, W. H. (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine culture and society. Quezon City, Manila, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  • Spate, O. H. K. (1979). The Spanish lake. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Tremml, B. (2015). Spain, China and Japan in Manila, 1571-1644: Local comparisons and global connections.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Sanja Stošıć, , Bu kişi benim

Ljiljana Markovıć Bu kişi benim

Andrew J. M.smıth Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Stošıć, , S., Markovıć, L., & J. M.smıth, A. (2016). EARLY SPANISH REIGN OVER THE PHILIPPINES: SOCIAL AND SPRITUAL REMODELING. Uluslararası Medeniyet Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 187-202.