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PRESCHOOL TEACHER OPINIONS ON ADAPTATION TO SCHOOL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 432 - 455, 31.12.2021

Öz

This study aims to determine the opinions of preschool teachers on preschool adaptation during the Covid-19 pandemic process and to determine what can be done to facilitate the adaptation of children to school in such negative situations. The research was carried out as a multiple case study with 22 preschool teachers working at private and governmental institutions in seven different regions of Turkey. The data were collected by means of phone conversations using an interview form prepared by the researchers. The results of the research determined that children's adaptation was affected by masks and social distance requirements, necessitating teachers to prepare their activities accordingly. Teachers' opinions about the effect of gradual transition on the adaptation process to the school were found to differ. The findings and results of the research are detailed in the study.

Kaynakça

  • Akar, H. (2017). Durum çalışması [Case study]. A. Saban and A. Ersoy (Ed.), Eğitimde nitel araştırma desenleri [Qualitative research design in education], (pp. 139-176), Ankara: Anı Publishing.
  • Alisinanoğlu, F., Karabulut, R., & Türksoy, E. (2020). Pandemi sürecinde çocukluk dönemi korkularına yönelik aile görüşleri. [Family views on childhood fears during the pandemic process]. International Journal of Humanities and Education, 6(14). 547-568.
  • Atmaca, R. N., Akduman, G. G., & Saribaş, M. Ş. (2020). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının sosyal beceri düzeylerinin bazı demografik özelliklere göre incelenmesi. [Investigation of social skill levels of preschool children according to some demographic features]. International Journal of Education Science and Technology, 6(2), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.47714/uebt.768067
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  • Bart, O., Hajami, D., & Bar‐Haim, Y. (2007). Predicting school adjustment from motor abilities in kindergarten. Infant and Child Development: An International Journal of Research and Practice, 16(6), 597-615. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.514
  • Bağçeli Kahraman, P. (2018). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının okula uyum sürecine ilişkin anaokulu öğretmenlerinin ve annelerinin görüşleri. [The views of preschool teachers and mothers regarding the school adaptation process of children]. Journal of Early Childhood Studies, 2(1), 3-20.
  • Bağçeli Kahraman, P., Şen, T., Alataş, S., & Tütüncü, B. (2018). Okul öncesi dönemde okula uyum sürecine ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri. [Teachers’ views regarding of process adaptation to school in the preschool period]. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 18(2), 681-701. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2018-431421
  • Başaran, S., Gökmen, B., & Akdağ, B. (2014). Okul öncesi eğitimde okula uyum sürecinde öğretmenlerin karşılaştığı sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. [The problems teachers faced preschool adjustment period and recommendations regarding solutions]. International Journal of Turkish Educational Studies, 2014(2), 197-223.
  • Becerra, M. I. G., Sánchez, J. P. E., & Méndez, J. H. M. (2020). Role of parenting styles in internalizing, externalizing, and adjustment problems in children. Salud Mental, 43(2), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2020.011
  • Betts, L. R., & Rotenberg, K. J. (2007). Trustworthiness, friendships and self‐control: Factors that contribute to young children's school adjustment. Infant and Child Development: An International Journal of Research and Practice, 16(5), 491-508. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.518
  • Bono, K. E., Sy, S. R., & Kopp, C. B. (2016). School readiness among low-income black children: Family characteristics, parenting, and support. Early Child Development and Care, 186(3), 419–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2015.1039528
  • Borbélyová, D. (2017). Adaptation to the school environment in early elementary education. Paidagogos-Journal of Education in Contexts, 2016 (2), 206-228.
  • Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to Corona Virus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-6. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/21dc/eb5b3b46de3b96c2afac880b45333a91efba.pdf on 20.11.2020.
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Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 432 - 455, 31.12.2021

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akar, H. (2017). Durum çalışması [Case study]. A. Saban and A. Ersoy (Ed.), Eğitimde nitel araştırma desenleri [Qualitative research design in education], (pp. 139-176), Ankara: Anı Publishing.
  • Alisinanoğlu, F., Karabulut, R., & Türksoy, E. (2020). Pandemi sürecinde çocukluk dönemi korkularına yönelik aile görüşleri. [Family views on childhood fears during the pandemic process]. International Journal of Humanities and Education, 6(14). 547-568.
  • Atmaca, R. N., Akduman, G. G., & Saribaş, M. Ş. (2020). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının sosyal beceri düzeylerinin bazı demografik özelliklere göre incelenmesi. [Investigation of social skill levels of preschool children according to some demographic features]. International Journal of Education Science and Technology, 6(2), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.47714/uebt.768067
  • Ato, E., Fernández-Vilar, M. Á., & Galián, M. D. (2020). Relation between temperament and school adjustment in Spanish children: A person-centered approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 250. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00250
  • Bart, O., Hajami, D., & Bar‐Haim, Y. (2007). Predicting school adjustment from motor abilities in kindergarten. Infant and Child Development: An International Journal of Research and Practice, 16(6), 597-615. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.514
  • Bağçeli Kahraman, P. (2018). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının okula uyum sürecine ilişkin anaokulu öğretmenlerinin ve annelerinin görüşleri. [The views of preschool teachers and mothers regarding the school adaptation process of children]. Journal of Early Childhood Studies, 2(1), 3-20.
  • Bağçeli Kahraman, P., Şen, T., Alataş, S., & Tütüncü, B. (2018). Okul öncesi dönemde okula uyum sürecine ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri. [Teachers’ views regarding of process adaptation to school in the preschool period]. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 18(2), 681-701. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2018-431421
  • Başaran, S., Gökmen, B., & Akdağ, B. (2014). Okul öncesi eğitimde okula uyum sürecinde öğretmenlerin karşılaştığı sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. [The problems teachers faced preschool adjustment period and recommendations regarding solutions]. International Journal of Turkish Educational Studies, 2014(2), 197-223.
  • Becerra, M. I. G., Sánchez, J. P. E., & Méndez, J. H. M. (2020). Role of parenting styles in internalizing, externalizing, and adjustment problems in children. Salud Mental, 43(2), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2020.011
  • Betts, L. R., & Rotenberg, K. J. (2007). Trustworthiness, friendships and self‐control: Factors that contribute to young children's school adjustment. Infant and Child Development: An International Journal of Research and Practice, 16(5), 491-508. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.518
  • Bono, K. E., Sy, S. R., & Kopp, C. B. (2016). School readiness among low-income black children: Family characteristics, parenting, and support. Early Child Development and Care, 186(3), 419–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2015.1039528
  • Borbélyová, D. (2017). Adaptation to the school environment in early elementary education. Paidagogos-Journal of Education in Contexts, 2016 (2), 206-228.
  • Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to Corona Virus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-6. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/21dc/eb5b3b46de3b96c2afac880b45333a91efba.pdf on 20.11.2020.
  • Brown, C. P., & Lan, Y. C. (2015). A qualitative metasynthesis comparing US teachers' conceptions of school readiness prior to and after the implementation of NCLB. Teaching and Teacher Education, 45, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2014.08.012
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, O. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. [Sciencific research methods]. Ankara: Pegem Publishing.
  • Can, E. (2020). Coronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi ve pedagojik yansımaları: Türkiye’de açık ve uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları. [Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic and pedagogical implications: open and distance education applications in Turkey]. Açıköğretim Uygulamaları ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 11-53.
  • Chi, S. A., Kim, S., & Kim, N. H. (2018). A study of school adjustment related variables of young children. South African Journal of Education, 38(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n2a1457
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  • Erbay, F., & Saltalı, N. D. (2020). Do the school adaptation levels of preschoolers vary according to their relationship with their teachers? International Journal of Evaluation and Research and Education, 9(4), 857-864. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i4.20540
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  • Garbe, A., Ogurlu, U., Logan, N., & Cook, P. (2020). COVID-19 and remote learning: Experiences of parents with children during the pandemic. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 4(3), 45-65. Retrieved from https://www.ajqr.org/download/parents-experiences-with-remote-education-during-covid-19-school-closures-8471.pdf on 01.10.2020.
  • Göl Güven, M., Şeker, V., Erbil, F., Ozgünlü, M., Alvan, G., & Uzunkök, B. (2020, Ağustos). Covid-19 pandemisinin aile yaşantısına yansımaları (Covid-19 Aile) rapor-2. [Reflections of the Covid-19 pandemic on family life (Covid-19 Family) report-2]. Retrieved from https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/7cc36312-26f1-4303-a5b4-0d1598c91028/Covid-19%20Aile%20Rapor%202%20-0001.pdf 0n 10.11.2020.
  • Gözüm, A. I. C., & Kandır, A. (2020). Okul öncesi çocukların dijital oyun oynama sürelerine göre oyun eğilimi ile konsantrasyon düzeylerinin incelenmesi [Examination of the playfulness tendency and concentration levels of preschool children according to the time spent playing digital games]. Atatürk University Journal of Kazım Karabekir Education Faculty, (41), 82-100. https://doi.org/10.33418/ataunikkefd.777424
  • Gupta, A., & Goplani, M. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on educational institution in India. Purakala Journal UGC Care Journal, 31(21), 661-671. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3679284
  • Hapsari, S. M., Sugito, S., & Fauziah, P. Y. (2020). Parent’s involvement in early childhood education during the covid-19 pandemic period. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 10(2), 298-311. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v10.i2.202014
  • Hertler, S. C., Figueredo, A. J., Peñaherrera-Aguirre, M., & Fernandes, H. B. (2018). Urie Bronfenbrenner: Toward an evolutionary ecological systems theory. In Life history evolution (pp. 323-339). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
  • Horowitz J. M. (2020). Lower-income parents most concerned about their children falling behind amid COVID-19 school closures. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/15/lower-income567parents-most-concerned-about-their-children-falling-behind-amid-covid-19-school568 closures/ on 09.10.2020.
  • Hosokawa, R., & Katsura, T. (2017). A longitudinal study of socioeconomic status, family processes, and child adjustment from preschool until early elementary school: the role of social competence. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 11(62), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0206-z
  • Howes, C. (2000). Social‐emotional classroom climate in child care, child‐teacher relationships and children’s second grade peer relations. Social Development, 9(2), 191-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00119
  • Jarrett, R. L., & Coba-Rodriguez, S. (2018). How African American mothers from urban, low-income backgrounds support their children’s kindergarten transition: Qualitative findings. Early Childhood Education Journal, 46(4), 435-444. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10643-017-0868-4
  • Johnson, B. & Christensen, L. (2014). Eğitim araştırmaları nicel nitel ve karma yaklaşımlar [Educational Research: qualitative, quantitative and mixed approaches]. S. B. Demir (Çev. Ed). Ankara: Eğiten Publishing.
  • Kim, J. (2020). Learning and teaching online during Covid-19: Experiences of student teachers in an early childhood education practicum. International Journal of Early Childhood, 52(2), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-020-00272-6
  • King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., Billieux, J., & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Problematic online gaming and the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(2), 184-186. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00016
  • Korkmaz, G. & Toraman, Ç. (2020). Are we ready for the post-COVID-19 educational practice? An investigation into what educators think as to online learning. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science (IJTES), 4(4), 293-309.
  • Kozikoğlu, I. (2018). Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin değerler eğitimine ilişkin tutum ve görüşlerinin incelenmesi. [Investigation of preschool education teachers' attitudes and opinions concerning values education]. International Journal of Turkish Literature Culture Education, 7(4), 2698-2720.
  • Kruszewska, A., Nazaruk, S., & Szewczyk, K. (2020). Polish teachers of early education in the face of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic–the difficulties experienced and suggestions for the future. Education 3-13, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2020.1849346
  • Ladd, G. W., & Burgess, K. B. (2001). Do relational risks and protective factors moderate the linkages between childhood aggression and early psychological and school adjustment? Child Development, 72(5), 1579-1601. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00366
  • Lan X., & Moscardino U. (2019). Direct and interactive effects of perceived teacher-student relationship and grit on student wellbeing among stay-behind early adolescents in urban China. Learning and Individual Differences, 69, 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2018.12.003.
  • Lifshin, U., Kleinerman, I. B., Shaver, P. R., & Mikulincer, M. (2019). Teachers’ attachment orientations and children’s school adjustment: Evidence from a longitudinal study of first graders. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(2), 559-580. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519874881
  • Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1986). But is it rigorous? Trustworthiness and authenticity in naturalistic evaluation. New Directions for Program Evaluation, 30, 73-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/ev.1427
  • Margetts, K. (2009). Early transition and adjustment and children's adjustment after six years of schooling. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 17(3), 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1080/13502930903101511
  • McBlain, S. (2018). Learning theories for early years practice. Sage.
  • Merriam, S.B. (2018). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber [Qualitative research A guide to design and implemantation]. S. Turan (Ed.), pp. 39-54, Nobel Publishing.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
  • Ministry of Health (2020). Covid-19 rehberi [Covid-19 guide]. Retrieved from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66301/covid-19-rehberi.html on 15.10.2020.
  • Ministry of National Education (2013). Okul öncesi eğitim programı [Preschool education program]. Ankara: MEB, Retrieved from www.meb.gov.tr. on 14.10.2020.
  • Ministry of National Education (2019). Millî Eğitim istatistikleri örgün eğitim 2018/2019. [National education statistics formal education statistics 2018/2019]. Retrieved from http://sgb.meb.gov.tr/www/milli-egitim-istatistikleri-yayinlanmistir-orgun-egitim-20192020/icerik/397 on 15.10.2020
  • Moreno, J. M., & Gortazar, L. (2020). Schools’ readiness for digital learning in the eyes of principals: an analysis from Pisa 2018 and its implications for the COVID19 (Coronavirus) crisis response. Education for Development Blog, The World Bank. Retrieved from https://blogs.worldbank.org/education/schools-readiness-digital-learning-eyes-principals-analysis-pisa-2018-and-its on 15.10.2020.
  • Nur, İ., Arnas, Y. A., Abbak, B. S., & Kale, M. (2018). Mother-child and teacher-child relationships and their associations with school adjustment in pre-school. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 18(1), 201-220. https://doi.org /10.12738/estp.2018.1.0608
  • O’Farrelly, C., Booth, A., Tatlow-Golden, M., & Barker, B. (2020). Reconstructing readiness: Young children’s priorities for their early school adjustment. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 50, 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.12.001
  • Ogelman, H. G., Onder, A., Seçer, Z., & Erten, H. (2013). Anne tutumlarının 5-6 yaş çocuklarının sosyal becerilerini ve okula uyumlarının yordayıcı etkisi. [The predictor effect of attitudes of mothers on the social skills and school adaptation of their 5–6-year-old children]. The Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute, 29, 143-152.
  • Ogelman, H. G., Güngör, H., & Göktaş, İ. (2021). Covid-19 ve yeni dönemdeki okula uyum süreci: okul öncesi eğitimi öğretmenlerinin görüşlerinin incelenmesi [Covid-19 and the school adjustment process in the new term: an investigation into preschool education teachers' views]. International Journal of New Trends in Arts, Sports & Science Education (IJTASE), 10(1), 11-24.
  • Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Mazzeschi, C., & Espada, J. P. (2020). Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain. Retrieved from https://psyarxiv.com/5bpfz/ on 15.12.2020
  • Onder, A., & Gülay, H. (2010). 5-6 yaş çocukları için okula uyum öğretmen değerlendirme ölçeği'nin güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. [Reliability and validity of the teacher rating scale of school adjustment for 5-6 years of children]. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(1), 204-224.
  • Ozen Altınkaynak, Ş., & Akman, B. (2019). Okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların okula uyum becerilerine anne baba tutumlarının etkisi [The effect of parental attitudes to school readiness skills in preschool children]. Journal of Society & Social Work, 30(1), 19-36. https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.516679
  • Ozer, M. (2020). Educational policy actions by the ministry of national education in the times of covid-19 pandemic in Turkey. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(3), 1124-1129. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.722280
  • Prime, H., Wade, M., & Browne, D. T. (2020). Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The American Psychologist, 75(5), 631-643. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000660
  • Ratelle, C. F., Duchesne, S., Litalien, D., & Plamondon, A. (2021). The role of mothers in supporting adaptation in school: A psychological needs perspective. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(1), 197-212. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000455
  • Reimers, F., Schleicher, A., Saavedra, J., & Tuominen, S. (2020). Supporting the continuation of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. OECD, 1(1), 1-38. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/education/Supporting-the-continuation-of-teaching-and-learning-during-the-COVID-19-pandemic.pdf on 15.12.2020
  • Romero, E., López-Romero, L., Domínguez-Álvarez, B., Villar, P., & Gómez-Fraguela, J. A. (2020). Testing the effects of COVID-19 confinement in Spanish children: The role of parents’ distress, emotional problems and specific parenting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 6975. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196975
  • Roorda, D. L., Zee, M., & Koomen, H. M. (2020). Don’t forget student-teacher dependency! A Meta-analysis on associations with students’ school adjustment and the moderating role of student and teacher characteristics. Attachment & Human Development, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2020.1751987
  • Rundle, A. G., Park, Y., Herbstman, J. B., Kinsey, E. W., & Wang, Y. C. (2020). Covid‐19–related school closings and risk of weight gain among children. Obesity, 28(6), 1008-1009. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22813
  • Samuelsson, I. P., Wagner, J. T., & Ødegaard, E. E. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic and lessons learned in Preschools in Norway, Sweden and the United States: OMEP policy forum. International Journal of Early Childhood, 52(2), 129-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-020-00267-3
  • Topcu, E., & Nazli, S. (2017). Veli oryantasyon programının okul öncesi öğrencilerinin okula uyumuna etkisi [The effect of the parent orientation program on the school adjustment of preschool students]. The Journal of Family Psychological Counseling, 1(1), 1-20.
  • United Nations Development Program (2020). A UN framework for the immediate socio-economic response to COVID-19. Retrieved from https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/UN-framework-for-the-immediate-socio-economic-response-to-COVID-19.pdf. on 15.12. 2020
  • United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (2020). COVID-19: More than 95 percent of children are out of school in Latin America and the Caribbean. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/covid-19-more-95-cent-children-are-out-school-latin-america-and-caribbean, on 08.10. 2020.
  • World Health Organization (2020). Protocol for assessment of potential risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among health workers in a health care setting, 23 March 2020 (No. WHO/2019-nCoV/HCW_risk_factors_protocol/2020.3). World Health Organization.
  • Xia, X., Wu, X., Zhou, X., Zang, Z., Pu, L., & Li, Z. (2020). Comparison of psychological distress and demand induced by COVID-19 during the lockdown period in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: a cross-section study in a tertiary hospital. Blood Purification, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000510553
  • Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research design and methods (5th ed.), Sage.
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Pınar Bağçeli Kahraman Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0551-7741

Yadigar Meliha Apak Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3911-012X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bağçeli Kahraman, P., & Apak, Y. M. (2021). PRESCHOOL TEACHER OPINIONS ON ADAPTATION TO SCHOOL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 10(2), 432-455.

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