Güncel Çalışmalar Işığında Örgüt İklimi

Öz

İş dünyası yoğun ve sürekli değişen bir rekabet ortamına sahiptir. İşletmelerin nihai hedefi bu ortamda başarılı olabilmek ve varlıklarını devam ettirebilmektir. Bunun için artık geçmişte olduğu gibi klasik bir yönetim anlayışı yeterli olmamakta, işletmelerde insan gücü ve beşeri sermayenin önemi giderek daha fazla fark edilmeye başlanmaktadır. İşletmelerin değer yaratabilmesi ve sürdürebilir başarı elde edebilmesi rakiplerin taklit edemeyeceği öz yeteneklere sahip olmasına bağlıdır. İşletmelerin kendi değerlerinin farkına varabilmelerini sağlayan en önemli faktörlerden biri de olumlu bir örgütsel iklimin varlığıdır. Ilımlı bir örgüt ikliminin var olması işletmenin nihai hedeflerine ulaşacak süreçte önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı, örgüt iklimi kavramı ve ilişkili diğer kavramları ele alarak, örgüt iklimi boyutlarını ortaya koymak ve örgüt ikliminin işletme açısından önemini analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla, literatür taraması yapılarak, yazılı ikincil verilerden yararlanılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Örgüt iklimi, örgüt kültürü, örgüt iklimi tipi, verimlilik, motivasyon

Abstract

Business world, has an intensive and changeable competitive environment. The latest aim of the companies is to survive and be successful in this environment. For this, a classical management approach is not sufficient, the companies have become aware of the importance of human capital nowadays much more than before. Creating value and acquiring sustainable success is due to own core competencies which can not been imitated by competitors. One of the most important factors providing companies to be aware of their value is a positive organizational climate. A soft climate has an important role in the process of achieving goals for the company. In this context, the aim of this study is to discuss the concept of organizational climate and other close-related concepts, to state the dimensions of organizational climate and to analyze the importance of organizational climate in terms of organization. For this purpose, in this study literature review is done, and secondary data is used

Keywords

• Organizational climate, organizational culture, productivity, motivation

Kaynakça

1. Aktan, C. (1999). 2000’li Yıllarda Yeni Yönetim Teknikleri (4): İnsan Mühendisliği. TUGİAD Yayını, İstanbul.
2. Atay, O. (1998). Örgüt kültürü ve süreci. Uludağ Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 16 (3), ss:1–14, Ekim,.
3. Aytaç, S. (2003). Çalışma psikolojisi alanında yeni bir yaklaşım: örgütsel sağlık. Endüstri İlişkileri Ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 5 (2), ss:2–5.
4. Batlis, C., N. (1980). The effects of organizational climate on job satisfaction, anxiety, and propensity to leave. Journal of Psychology, 104, ss:233-240.
5. Berberoğlu, G. Akademik organizasyonlarda örgüt kültürü: Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Örneği. Http://Www.Yonetim- Organizasyon.Org/İndex1.Php?Katagori=1, (01.04.2005).
6. Burton, M., R. (2004). The impact of organizational climate and strategic fit on firm performance. Human Resource Management, 43(1), ss:67– 82.
7. Clark, M. (2002). The relationship between employees’ perceptions of organizational climate and customer retention rates in a major U.K. retail bank. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 10, ss: 93–113.
8. Denison, D. R. (1990). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness. Braun-Brumfield Inc., United States of America, ss: 24-25.

9. Ertekin, Y. (1978). Örgüt iklimi. Todaie Yayınları, 174, Ankara
10. Evan, M. W. (1968). A systems model of organizational climate. In R. Tagiuri, & H. Litwin (Eds.), Organizational climate: explorations of a concept. Division of Research Graduate School of Business Administration, Printed United States of America, ss:107-124.
11. Forehand, G. (1968). On the Interaction of Persons and Organizations. In R. Tagiuri, & H. Litwin (Eds.), Organizational climate: explorations of a concept. Division of Research Graduate School of Business Administration, Printed United States of America, ss:64-82.
12. Glisson, C., Lawrence R. J. (2002). The cross-level effects of culture and climate in human service teams. Journal of organizational behavior, 23, ss:767-794.
13. Griffin, M. (2001). Job satisfaction among detention officers assessing the relative contribution of organizational climate variables. Journal of Criminal Justice, 29, ss:219-232.
14. Güçlü, N. (2003). Örgüt kültürü. Kırgızistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6, ss: 147-159.
15. Güler, Neşe (1997). Örgütsel sağlık ve denge. Cumhuriyet Üniverrsitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.Yayınlanmamış Yayınlanmamış Y.L. Tezi. Sivas.
16. Halis, M. ve N.T. Arslan (2000). Örgüt iklimi ve Türkiye’de örnek olarak seçilen iki örgütte uygulamalı bir araştırma. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları 43-44. Kitap. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayın No: 4223. Fakülte Yayın No: 559. İstanbul, ss.63-94.
17. Isaksen, S. (2000–2001). Perceptions of the best and worst climates for creativity: preliminary validation evidence for the situational outlook questionnaire. Creativity Research Journal, 13(2), ss:171–184.
18. John, C., Taylor J. (1999). Leadership style, school climate and the institutional commitment of teachers. International Forum, 2(1), April, ss:25- 56.
19. Kopelman, R.E., Brief, A., Guzzo, R. (1990). The role of climate and culture in productivity. In B.Schneider (Eds), Organizational Climate And Culture, Jossey-Bass Publishers, Oxford, ss: 289-301.
20. Lawyer, E., Hall, D., Oldham, G. (1974). Organizational climate: relationship to organizational structure, process and performance. Organizational Behavior And Human Performance. 11, ss: 139- 155.
21. Litwin, G. (1968). Climate and Behavior Theory. In R. Tagiuri, & H. Litwin (Eds.), Organizational climate: explorations of a concept. Division of Research Graduate School of Business Administration, Printed United States of America, ss:34-61.
22. Litwin, G., Stringer, R. (1968). Motivation and organizational climate. Division of Research Graduate School of Business Administration, Printed United States of America, Boston, ss: 29-146.
23. Mcmurray, J.(2004). The relationship between organizational commitment and organizational climate in manufacturing. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 15 (4), ss:473-488, Winter.
24. Meyer, H. (1968). Achievement motivation and industrial climates. In R. Tagiuri, & H. Litwin (Eds.), Organizational climate: explorations of a concept. Division of Research Graduate School of Business Administration, Printed United States of America, ss:150-168.
25. Miller, H. (1980). Forecasting the weather and controlling the organizational climate. Vital Speeches of The Day, Xlvı, August 1, ss:610-613.
26. Obel, B. (1999). Tension and resistance to change in organizational climate: managerial implications for a fast paced world.
27. Oden, H. (1997). Managing corporate culture, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Quorum Books, London, ss: 3
28. Parker, C. (2003). Relationships between psychological climate perceptions and work outcomes: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, ss:389–416.
29. Rogg, K. (2001). Human resource practices, organizational climate, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Management, 27, ss:431-449.
30. Schauber, A. (2001). Effecting extension organizational change toward cultural diversity: a conceptual framework. Journal of Extension, 39(3), June. ss:25-35.
31. Silva, S. (2004). OSCI: an organizational and safety climate inventory. Safety Science, 42, ss: 205–220.
32. Stetzer A. (1997). Organizational climate and ineffectiveness: evidence from 25 outdoor work crew divisions. Journal of Quality Management,. 2(2), ss: 251-265.
33. Tagiuri, R. (1968). The Concept of Organizational Climate. In R. Tagiuri, & H. Litwin (Eds.), Organizational climate: explorations of a concept. Division of Research Graduate School of Business Administration, Printed United States of America, ss:11-32.
34. Varol, M. (1989). Örgüt kültürü ve örgüt iklimi. Ankara Üniversitesi S.B.F Dergisi, 44(1-2).
35. Young, A., Parker, C. (1999). Predicting collective climates: assessing the role of shared work values, needs, employee interaction and work group membership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, ss:1199-1218.