ULUSLARARASI TİCARETİN ADALETİNİ SORGULAMAK: ADİL TİCARET SİSTEMİ, ÇALIŞMA KOŞULLARINA ETKİSİ VE FINDIK İŞÇİLERİ İÇİN “ADALET” ARAYIŞI

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 69 - 92, 01.09.2015

Yard.doç.dr.aslı Şen Taşbaşı

Öz

Uluslararası ticaret sistemini oluşturan kurallar, araçlar ve politika yöntemlerinin, gelirin yeniden dağıtımı açısından yoksul ülkelere yönelik olarak adaletli işlemediği, sisteme dair başlıca eleştiridir. Bu çalışmada, geleneksel ticaret sistemine bir alternatif sunduğu iddiasını taşıyan adil ticaret sisteminin, kuramsal zemininin neoliberalizmden, pratiklerinin ise neoliberal aklın çoklu stratejilerle piyasayı inşa etme biçiminden gerçekten farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı, işçilerin çalışma koşullarına etkisi üzerinden incelenecektir. Adil ticaret sisteminin temel iddiasını şekillendiren, üretenlere kendi geleceklerini yönetebilme gücünü sağlayacak çalışma ve yaşam koşullarını oluşturma becerisi; ücretler, örgütlenme ve toplu pazarlık, çocuk işgücü, iş güvenliği ve iş sağlığı gibi unsurlar açısından ve Türkiye’de fındık toplama işinde çalışan gezici mevsim işçileri için tartışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adil Ticaret, İşgücü Standartları, Gezici Mevsim İşçileri, Fındık

QUESTIONING THE FAIRNESS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE: FAIRTRADE SYSTEM, ITS EFFECT ON WORKING CONDITIONS AND PURSUING “FAIRNESS” FOR WORKERS IN HAZELNUT HARVESTING

Öz

The most prominent argument against international trade system is that its rules, tools and policy methods do not function fairly towards poor countries in terms of income redistribution. This study aims to elucidate whether the fair trade system, as self-claiming to present an alternative model to traditional trade, differs from neoliberalism in its theoretical basis and departs in its practices from the way neoliberal mind constructs the market through its multi-strategies. The ability of fair trade to provide decent working and living conditions which can give workers the power to direct their futures will be questioned in terms of basic workers rights such as wages, rights of organization and collective bargaining, child labor, work safety and health for the seasonal immigrant workers within the possibility of adoption of fair trade model in hazelnut harvesting.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fairtrade, Labor Standards, Seasonal Immigrant Workers, Hazelnut

Kaynakça

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